1、Designation: F2220 12F2220 14 An American National StandardStandard Specification forHeadforms1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F2220; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A
2、number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.INTRODUCTIONThis specification identifies the headforms used for testing protective headgear in individualASTMInternational test methods and perfor
3、mance standards (standard specifications). This specification wasclosely based on ISO DIS 6220, which was never published as an International Standard and is nolonger available. EN 960, a published standard, is also based on ISO DIS 6220 and has been used asa basis for this standard.1. Scope1.1 This
4、 standard specifies the materials, sizing, and manufacturing details of test headforms for use in the testing of protectiveheadgear. Details of the exterior dimension of the headforms are included.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are inc
5、luded in this standard.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2B92/B92M Specification for Unalloyed Magnesium Ingot and Stick For Remelting2.2 Other Standards:EN 960 Headforms for Use in the Testing of Protective Helmets3. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 basic plane, nan anatomical plane that in
6、cludes the superior rim of the external auditory meatuses (upper edge of theexternal openings of the ear) and the inferior margin of the orbit (the lowest point of the floor of the eye socket) (see Figs. 1 and2).3.1.2 coronal plane, nan anatomical plane perpendicular to both the basic and midsagitta
7、l planes and passing through thesuperior rims of the right and left external auditory meatuses. The transverse plane corresponds to the coronal plane (see Figs. 1and 2).3.1.3 impact headforms, nheadforms used for impact testing of protective headgear. Impact headforms shall conform to theexternal di
8、mension defined in this specification. These headforms shall meet the material, dimensions, mass, and center of gravityrequirements of this specification. These headforms shall include surface markings corresponding to the basic, coronal, midsagittal,and reference planes.3.1.4 midsagittal plane, nan
9、 anatomical plane perpendicular to the basic plane and containing the midpoint of the lineconnecting the notches of the right and left inferior orbital ridges and the midpoint of the line connecting the superior rims of theright and left external auditory meatuses (see Figs. 1 and 2).3.1.5 other (re
10、ference) headforms, nheadforms used for other testing, other than impact, of protective headgear. They shallconform to the external dimension requirements of each particular headform size, as specified in this specification. Referenceheadforms shall be made of material of sufficient strength and sti
11、ffness to maintain their geometry during testing. Full-chin1 This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F08 on Sports Equipment, Playing Surfaces, and Facilities and is the direct responsibility ofSubcommittee F08.53 on Headgear and Helmets.Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2012No
12、v. 1, 2014. Published January 2013December 2014. Originally approved in 2002. Last previous edition approved in 20112012as F2220 11.F2220 12. DOI: 10.1520/F2220-12.10.1520/F2220-14.2 For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org
13、. For Annual Book of ASTM Standardsvolume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page on the ASTM website.This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Becauseit m
14、ay not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current versionof the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Har
15、bor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States1headforms will be used as necessary. Reference headforms shall include surface markings corresponding to the basic, coronal,midsagittal, and reference planes and the vision points.3.1.6 reference plane, na plane marked on the he
16、adforms at a specified distance above and parallel to the basic plane (see Fig.2).4. Classification4.1 This specification identifies the requirements for six test headform sizes: F2220A,-A, F2220C,-C, F2220E,-E, F2220J,-J,F2220M,-M, and F2220O. The size codes used for headforms relate to the nominal
17、 inside circumference of helmets (see -O.Table1). The nominal inside circumference values refer to the internal circumference of the helmet measured at a datum level 12.7 mmabove the reference plane.5. Dimensions5.1 Datum LevelsAll datum levels are quoted relative to the reference plane (“0” level)
18、and are given in mm.FIG. 1 Anatomical PlanesFIG. 2 Impact HeadformBasic, Reference, Midsagittal PlanesF2220 1425.2 DimensionsThe external dimensions that the headforms must conform to are identified in AnnexA1. The segment lengthsfrom the intersection of the coronal plane, midsagittal plane and the
19、reference plane of the test headform to the intersection of ahorizontal angle and a point at each datum level above the reference plane are given. The exact geometry of the external surfacemay be determined by a spline function or other curve fitting algorithm in order to produce a smooth and contin
20、uous outerheadform surface. The headforms shall be symmetrical about the midsagittal plane. Internal geometry may be defined to satisfythe requirements of the individual test specifications. The resulting headform must still comply with the other requirements of thisspecification.6. Impact Headforms
21、6.1 Materials and ManufactureThe impact headforms shall be made of K1A-F magnesium (nominal composition 0.7 % Zr,balance Mg; Specification B92/B92M, Grade 9980A).6.2 External DimensionsImpact headforms shall comply with the exterior dimensions given in Annex A1. The sphericalcoordinates of the horiz
22、ontal half-sections at each datum level above the reference plane are given.6.2 Performance RequirementsThe impact headforms shall not have resonant frequencies below 2000 Hz.6.3 MassThe total mass of the drop assembly (including the instrumented headform and supporting assembly) shall bedescribed i
23、n the specific test method for evaluating protective headgear. The mass of the impact headform may be adjusted toaccommodate the specific test method requirements.6.4 Center of GravityThe center of gravity of the impact headform shall lie at a point on the central vertical axis, 12.7 mmabove the ref
24、erence plane.6.5 Product MarkingAll impact headforms shall be marked with:6.5.1 Headform size;6.5.2 Basic plane;6.5.3 Reference plane; and6.5.4 Midsagittal (longitudinal) and coronal (transverse) planes through the vertical axis.7. Other (Reference) Headforms7.1 Materials and ManufactureOther headfo
25、rms shall be made of material of sufficient strength and stiffness to maintain theirgeometry during testing.7.2 External DimensionsOther headforms shall comply with the external dimensions given in Annex A1. The sphericalcoordinates of the horizontal half-sections at each datum level are given.7.2.1
26、 Product MarkingAll headforms shall be marked with:7.2.1.1 Headform size;7.2.1.2 Basic plane;7.2.1.3 Reference plane;7.2.1.4 Midsagittal (longitudinal) and coronal (transverse) planes through the vertical axis; and7.2.1.5 Two points located on the basic plane equally spaced 31 mm each side of the po
27、int defined by the intersection of thebasic and midsagittal planes at the front of the headform.8. Keywords8.1 headform(s); helmet(s); protective headgearANNEX(Mandatory Information)A1. HEADFORM DATA ABOVE THE REFERENCE PLANEA1.1 Headform Data Above and Below the Reference Plane A1.1 See Tables A1.1
28、-A1.6.A1.1.1 See Fig. A1.1 and Tables A1.1-A1.6.A1.2 Headform Data from Above the Reference Plane, Top ViewA1.2.1 See Fig. A1.2.F2220 143A1.3 Headform Data from Below the Reference Plane, Bottom ViewA1.3.1 See Fig. A1.3.FIG. A1.1 Headform Datum Levels Above and Below the Reference PlaneF2220 144TABL
29、E A1.1 Spherical Coordinates for Full Headform Size 495NOTE 1V = Vertical angle above or below the reference plane; H = Angle of vertical slice, measured in horizontal plane, from front of mid-sagittalplane.NOTE 1Angles in degrees, to be measured with an uncertainty of measurement not exceeding 0,20
30、. Radii in millimetres, with a tolerance of0,5 % and measured with an uncertainty of measurement not exceeding 0,1 mm.NOTE 2The jaw line shall be radiused along its length with a nominal 5 mm radius. The base of the neck shall be squared off perpendicular to thecentral vertical axis.NOTE 4The surfac
31、e corresponding to the radii shown in italics lies below the jaw line.1 - 495Angle H0 15 30 45 60 75 90 105 120 135 150 165 180Angle Vabove90 89,3 89,3 89,3 89,3 89,3 89,3 89,3 89,3 89,3 89,3 89,3 89,3 89,380 88,2 88,0 88,0 88,1 88,3 88,7 88,8 89,1 89,8 90,1 90,8 90,9 90,870 87,7 87,7 87,7 87,7 87,5
32、 87,4 87,6 88,4 89,8 91,1 92,1 92,4 92,360 88,5 88,5 88,6 87,6 86,2 85,3 85,6 86,9 88,8 91,3 93,0 93,2 93,250 89,8 89,8 89,8 87,2 84,3 82,6 82,6 84,4 87,0 90,4 93,1 93,2 93,240 90,4 90,3 90,1 85,8 81,4 79,0 78,9 81,1 84,4 88,7 92,3 92,4 92,530 89,8 89,6 88,8 83,1 77,8 74,9 74,7 77,2 81,3 86,1 90,5 9
33、1,3 91,520 88,4 87,8 86,2 79,7 73,8 70,8 70,6 73,4 77,6 82,9 88,2 89,9 90,310 87,4 86,2 83,8 76,5 70,6 67,4 67,3 70,3 74,2 79,8 85,6 88,5 89,0ReferencePlane 0 87,8 86,1 82,7 75,2 69,5 66,4 66,2 69,0 73,1 78,4 83,8 87,2 87,8Angle VBelow10 89,2 88,2 83,9 75,3 69,0 66,6 66,6 68,8 72,0 77,0 81,0 83,8 84
34、,320 93,5 94,7 86,0 77,0 69,9 66,6 63,9 66,3 69,2 73,5 77,4 79,8 80,430 101,4 102,9 89,8 79,4 73,3 70,5 64,1 65,8 68,9 73,0 76,5 78,3 77,740 114,7 116,2 98,5 86,5 78,9 72,4 68,6 69,3 71,8 74,9 77,3 78,4 77,446 126,5 128,2 104,5 92,8 84,8 76,6 73,7 74,3 76,0 78,4 79,9 80,8 80,550 122,5 123,7 108,4 96
35、,8 90,4 81,9 78,7 79,5 80,7 82,6 83,7 84,7 84,952 119,3 120,4 108,5 98,6 93,7 85,0 81,8 82,7 83,8 85,5 86,5 87,6 88,155 114,9 116,0 107,0 99,0 93,7 89,2 87,5 88,6 89,6 91,2 92,1 93,4 94,260 108,6 109,5 105,0 98,1 99,6 99,7 100,2 101,8 103,0 104,7 105,7 107,5 108,565 113,2 115,1 111,9 113,4 117,4 117
36、,5 118,8 120,6 122,1 124,2 125,4 127,3 128,3TABLE A1.1 External Dimensions for Full Headform Size F2220-ANOTE 1Angles in degrees, to be measured with an uncertainty of measurement not exceeding 0,20. Segment lengths in millimetres, with a toleranceof 1.0 %.NOTE 2The jaw line should be radiused along
37、 its length to eliminate any sharp edges. The base of the neck shall be squared off perpendicular to thecentral vertical axis.F2220 - AAngle0Front15 30 45 60 75 90 105 120 135 150 165 180RearHeightAboveReferencePlane(mm)85 88.2 88.1 88.0 87.9 87.9 88.0 88.2 88.7 89.7 91.3 92.5 93.0 92.780 88.2 88.3
38、88.4 88.0 87.2 86.8 86.9 87.7 89.2 91.4 93.5 93.4 93.270 89.8 90.0 89.9 88.0 85.7 84.6 84.5 85.8 87.9 90.6 93.1 93.2 93.160 90.6 90.6 90.2 86.7 83.5 81.8 81.7 83.3 86.1 89.3 92.3 92.6 92.550 90.1 90.1 89.5 84.7 80.9 78.7 78.5 80.5 83.7 87.5 91.0 91.8 91.640 89.1 89.0 88.2 82.4 78.1 76.0 75.6 77.7 81
39、.2 85.6 89.5 90.9 90.730 87.7 86.8 84.9 78.0 72.8 70.1 69.7 72.5 76.3 81.2 86.2 88.9 89.020 88.0 86.5 83.0 75.5 70.0 67.0 66.5 69.5 73.5 78.5 84.0 87.0 88.0ReferencePlane 0 88.2 88.1 88.0 87.9 87.9 88.0 88.2 88.7 89.7 91.3 92.5 93.0 92.7DepthBelowReferencePlane(mm)-11.1 88.7 87.2 83.2 75.3 69.4 66.9
40、 66.9 69.4 72.9 77.8 82.3 85.2 85.7-19.9 90.2 90.2 84.9 76.6 69.4 66.1 64.6 67.5 70.4 75.2 79.5 82.4 82.9-30.6 93.2 94.6 86.6 77.8 71.8 69.1 63.8 65.6 68.7 73.2 77.3 79.6 80.1-39.4 96.4 97.8 88.3 79.9 74.3 71.8 66.8 67.7 70.1 73.0 76.0 78.2 77.7-52.5 102.5 103.8 93.2 85.1 80.1 75.3 73.5 73.9 75.0 77
41、.1 79.0 79.7 78.6-65.6 109.8 111.0 100.0 92.3 87.9 84.0 82.8 83.1 83.4 84.0 84.3 85.0 85.3-74.4 115.2 116.4 104.6 97.2 94.3 90.2 89.9 90.2 90.5 91.1 91.3 91.9 92.2-78.8 118.1 119.2 106.4 100.6 93.1 93.3 93.6 93.9 94.1 94.7 95.0 95.5 95.8-84.4 121.9 123.0 109.3 96.8 97.8 98.1 98.4 98.6 98.9 99.4 99.7
42、 100.2 100.5-92.8 127.9 130.7 104.3 104.3 105.2 105.4 105.7 105.9 106.1 106.6 106.9 107.4 107.6-119.0 127.9 127.9 128.1 128.1 128.9 129.1 129.3 129.5 129.7 130.1 130.3 130.7 130.9Distance from reference plane to top of headform: 89.7 mmDepth to basic plane: -24.0 mmF2220 145TABLE A1.2 Spherical Coor
43、dinates for Full Headform Size 515NOTE 1V = Vertical angle above or below the reference plane; H = Angle of vertical slice, measured in horizontal plane, from front of mid-sagittalplane.NOTE 1Angles in degrees, to be measured with an uncertainty of measurement not exceeding 0,20. Radii in millimetre
44、s, with a tolerance of0,5 % and measured with an uncertainty of measurement not exceeding 0,1 mm.NOTE 2The jaw line shall be radiused along its length with a nominal 5 mm radius. The base of the neck shall be squared off perpendicular to thecentral vertical axis.NOTE 4The surface corresponding to th
45、e radii shown in italics lies below the jaw line.1 - 515Angle H0 15 30 45 60 75 90 105 120 135 150 165 180Angle Vabove90 92,5 92,5 92,5 92,5 92,5 92,5 92,5 92,5 92,5 92,5 92,5 92,5 92,580 91,4 91,2 91,2 91,3 91,6 92,0 92,0 92,4 93,1 93,4 94,0 94,1 94,170 90,9 90,9 90,9 90,9 90,7 90,6 90,8 91,6 93,0
46、94,3 95,4 95,6 95,660 91,7 91,7 91,7 90,8 89,5 88,6 88,8 90,1 92,0 94,5 96,3 96,5 96,450 93,0 93,0 93,0 90,4 87,5 85,8 85,8 87,7 90,3 93,7 96,4 96,4 96,440 93,6 93,5 93,3 89,0 84,7 82,3 82,2 84,4 87,7 91,9 95,5 95,7 95,730 93,0 92,8 92,0 86,4 81,0 81,0 78,2 78,0 78,0 80,5 84,6 89,3 94,720 91,6 91,0
47、89,5 83,0 77,1 74,1 73,9 76,7 80,9 86,2 91,4 93,1 93,510 90,6 89,4 87,1 79,8 73,9 70,8 70,6 73,6 77,5 83,1 88,9 91,7 92,3ReferencePlane 0 91,1 89,4 86,0 78,4 72,7 69,7 69,4 72,1 76,3 81,6 87,0 90,4 91,1Angle VBelow10 92,5 91,5 86,9 78,0 71,4 69,0 69,1 71,2 74,6 79,7 83,9 86,8 87,320 96,9 98,1 89,1 7
48、9,7 72,4 69,0 66,2 68,7 71,7 76,2 80,2 82,7 83,330 105,2 106,6 93,0 82,3 75,9 73,0 66,5 68,2 71,4 75,6 79,3 81,1 80,540 118,9 120,4 102,1 89,6 81,7 75,1 71,1 71,8 74,3 77,6 80,0 81,2 80,246 131,1 132,8 108,2 96,1 87,8 79,3 76,4 77,1 78,7 81,2 82,8 83,7 83,350 126,7 127,6 112,3 100,3 93,6 84,7 81,6 8
49、2,4 83,6 85,6 86,7 87,7 87,952 123,3 124,1 112,4 102,1 97,1 87,9 84,8 85,8 86,8 88,6 89,6 90,7 91,255 118,7 119,5 110,8 102,4 97,0 92,3 90,6 91,9 92,8 94,5 95,3 96,7 97,660 112,2 112,7 108,7 101,5 103,0 103,2 103,8 105,5 106,7 108,4 109,4 111,3 112,465 116,7 118,1 115,8 117,3 121,4 121,7 123,0 125,0 126,5 128,6 129,8 131,8 132,9TABLE A1.2 External Dimensions for Full Headform Size F2220-CNOTE 1Angles in degrees, to be measured with an uncertainty of measurement not exceeding 0,20. Segment lengths in millimetres, with a toleran
