1、Designation: F 2519 05Standard Test Method forGrease Particle Capture Efficiency of Commercial KitchenFilters and Extractors1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F 2519; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision
2、, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This test method can be used to determine the greaseparticle capture efficiency of components and syste
3、ms used incommercial kitchens to capture grease effluent prior to enteringthe exhaust duct. The results can be used to select a filtersystem best suited to a particular application.1.2 This test method is applicable to filter components andsystems. The performance information is obtained for new orc
4、lean filters and does not include the performance of used orloaded filters.1.3 The filter can be evaluated with respect to the following(where applicable):1.3.1 Pressure drop as a function of airflow through the filter(10.3), and1.3.2 Particulate capture efficiency by particle size (10.4).1.4 The va
5、lues stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas standard. The values given in parentheses are for informa-tion only.1.5 This test method may involve hazardous materials,operations, and equipment. This standard does not purport toaddress all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with itsuse
6、. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard toestablish appropriate safety and health practices and deter-mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASHRAE Standard:2ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 52.2-1999, Method of TestingGeneral Ventilation Air-Cle
7、aning Devices for RemovalEfficiency by Particle Size2.2 ISO Standard:3ISO Standard 3966, Measurement of Fluid Flow in ClosedConduitsVelocityArea Method Using Pitot Static Tubes3. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 airflow rate, nvolumetric flow rate of air that passesthrough a filter or a bank of filt
8、ers.3.1.2 capture effciency, nproportion of aerosol particlesremoved by a filter as a function of particle size, usuallyexpressed as a percentage.3.1.3 cartridge filter, nremovable extractor, a removable,integral component of listed exhaust hoods, which is typicallyconstructed of stainless steel and
9、 containing a series ofhorizontal baffles designed to remove grease and drain it into acontainer.3.1.4 fixed extractor, nwater-wash hood or linear slothood, a fixed, integral component of listed exhaust hoods,which is typically constructed of stainless steel and containinga series of horizontal baff
10、les that run the full length of the hood.3.1.5 grease filter, ndevice installed into a hood to capturegrease effluent before it enters the exhaust duct. Severalidentical devices may be installed in parallel in a hood. Thedevice may consist of more than one component or section.3.1.6 pressure drop, n
11、change in static pressure betweenthe front surface of the grease filter and its rear surface underthe rated airflow rate conditions.3.1.7 reference hood, nType I exhaust hood used for the“no extractors” condition when measuring the efficiency andpressure drop of fixed extractor hoods. This is typica
12、lly thesame hood that is used for testing removable grease filters andremovable cartridge filters.3.2 Symbols:E = capture efficiencyn = number of sample setsP = penetrationt = t distribution variableT = sampling timeW = counts of each size range (or channel) with testdevice(s) installed1This test me
13、thod is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F26 on FoodService Equipment and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F26.07 onCommercial Kitchen Ventilation.Current edition approved Sept. 1, 2005. Published September 2005.2Available from American Society of Heating, Refrigerating, and Air-
14、Conditioning Engineers, Inc. (ASHRAE), 1791 Tullie Circle, NE, Atlanta, GA30329.3Available from International Organization for Standardization (ISO), 1 rue deVaremb, Case postale 56, CH-1211, Geneva 20, Switzerland.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken,
15、 PA 19428-2959, United States.WO = counts of each size range (or channel) without testdevice(s)d = standard deviation of a sample3.3 Subscripts:b = backgroundc = correlatione = estimatedi = sample numberlcl = lower confidence limitn = number of sample setso = observedt = testing a filterucl = upper
16、confidence limitw = with test device(s) installedwo = without test device(s) installed4. Summary of Test Method4.1 There are three predominant classes of filters in kitchenventilation grease extraction systems: removable baffle filters,removable cartridge filters, and fixed extractors.4.2 Removable
17、baffle and cartridge filters to be tested areinstalled into the test system.4.2.1 Identical filters to be tested are installed into astandard 4-ft canopy hood connected to a nominal 12-in. roundduct exhaust system. The filters should fit tightly together andinto the opening and any bypasses larger t
18、han18-in. wide onthe ends are sealed.4.2.2 For fixed-extractor systems, a reference hood shall beused for testing conditions that call for no filters to be installedin the hood. Testing requires switching between the referencehood and the fixed extractor hood.4.2.3 A filter system to be used in a no
19、n-standard canopyhood is installed at the height of actual application above thefloor and connected to a nominal 12-in. round duct exhaustsystem.4.2.4 The static pressure drop across the filters is recorded atthe test airflow.4.2.4.1 For removable baffle or cartridge filters, the net filterpressure
20、drop is determined by subtracting the pressure drop ofthe hood when the filters are removed from the pressure dropmeasured when the filters are installed. The total exhaustvolumetric flow rate must be equal in both pressure dropmeasurements.4.2.4.2 For fixed-extractor hood systems, the pressure drop
21、is determined by subtracting the pressure drop of the referencehood when the filters are removed from the pressure dropmeasured on the fixed-extractor hood. The total exhaustvolumetric flow rate must be equal in both pressure dropmeasurements.4.3 The total airflow rate through the exhaust system is
22、setso that the volumetric flow rate through the filter under test isequivalent 250 cfm per linear foot (width) of filter (based onexternal filter dimensions).4.3.1 Performance may also be evaluated at other airflows inaccordance with manufacturer recommendations (see Appen-dix X1).4.4 Balanced makeu
23、p air shall be provided at 75 6 5F and50 6 20 % RH.4.5 Particulate capture efficiency for removable grease filteror removable cartridges is determined by comparing particleconcentration versus size in the exhaust duct with and withoutthe filters installed.4.5.1 Particulate capture efficiency for hoo
24、ds with fixedextractors is determined by comparing particle concentration asa function of particle size in the exhaust duct with the fixedextractor hood and the reference hood without the filtersinstalled.4.5.2 The test aerosol is oleic acid that covers a size rangefrom 0.3 to 10 m in diameter or as
25、 specified by themanufacturer. Efficiency shall be reported as zero from 0.3 mto the lower limit of the test conditions. Particulate concentra-tion measurements (as a function of particle size) are taken inthe exhaust duct using an isokinetic sampling probe and anoptical particle counter. The partic
26、ulate capture efficiency isdetermined by taking the difference between the particleconcentration with and without the filters installed at eachparticle size range set on the particle counter.5. Significance and Use5.1 The pressure drop results can be added to the pressuredrops of other components in
27、 an exhaust system to determinethe total exhaust fan pressure requirement.5.2 The particulate capture efficiency can be used withknown particulate size emission data for a cooking appliance-food product combination to determine the total mass of greaseparticles captured by the filter, the total mass
28、 of grease particlesthat pass through the filter, and the particle size distribution ofthe grease particles that pass through the filter. Fig. 1 shows anexample particle capture efficiency curve.6. Apparatus6.1 Mandatory and Discretionary RequirementsCriticaldimensions and arrangements of the test a
29、pparatus are shownin Figs. 2-5. Vertical ductwork may also be used with the samecritical dimensions (duct diameter, length, and so forth). Alldimensions shown are mandatory unless otherwise indicated.Units shown are in inches unless otherwise indicated. Thedesign of equipment not specified, includin
30、g but not limited toexhaust fan, makeup air system, and external structural sup-ports, is discretionary, but the equipment must have adequatecapacity to meet the requirements of this test method.6.2 Test Facility:6.2.1 Exhaust Hood:6.2.1.1 The test installation should have a canopy exhausthood which
31、 meets these requirements: 4 ft (1.2 m) in width anddepth, minimum 2 ft (0.61 m) in height, wall mounted with thelower edge of the hood 612 ft (2.0 m) from the floor and witha 12 in. (0.305 m) diameter round duct collar mounted on topin the center of the hood with the rear surface of the opening1.0
32、in. from the back side of the hood. If the hood is installedat a different height, a distance of 46 in. must be maintainedbetween the appliance surface and bottom of the hood. Thehood shall contain means for securing grease filters under testin a position typical in application.F2519052FIG. 1 Partic
33、le Capture Efficiency Example CurveFIG. 2 Schematic Diagram of Test ApparatusFront Elevation View of Horizontal Test SetupF2519053FIG. 3 Schematic Diagram of Test ApparatusFront Elevation ofVertical Test SetupF25190546.2.1.2 Hoods with fixed extractors should be built to matchthe description given i
34、n 6.2.1.1 as closely as possible withoutaffecting the hoods extraction efficiency.6.2.1.3 The typical reference hood will be a canopy exhausthood matching the one described in 6.2.1.1 and shown in Fig.6. If the hood with fixed extractors cannot be built to match6.2.1.1, then the reference hood shall
35、 be built to match the hoodwith fixed extractors.6.2.1.4 To facilitate switching hoods, the lab may buildrolling stands for each reference hood and the current hoodbeing tested. These stands may be rolled in and out of the testrig. Care should be taken to insure that both hoods are installedin the s
36、ame location at the same height (612 ft) each time.6.2.1.5 The test apparatus shown in Figs. 2-5 is designed fortest filters with a nominal height of 20 in. It is permitted to testa bank of several filters in parallel if the width of an individualfiltration device is less than 50 % of the width of t
37、he hood.Spacers may be added symmetrically on both ends of the filterunder test if the filter does not span the entire width of thehood.6.2.2 Round Exhaust Duct, 12 in. (0.305 m) in diameter,connected to the duct collar on the top of the exhaust hood andleading to an exhaust fan. All duct connection
38、s shall be sealed.The duct may be horizontal or vertical. If horizontal, it musthave a 90-degree elbow configured as shown in Fig. 7. Theelbow must have a centerline duct radius of 14-in.NOTE 1The r/D ratio is 1.167 for this configuration.6.2.2.1 The distance from the duct collar for a verticalexhau
39、st duct or from the end of the 90 degree elbow for ahorizontal exhaust duct to the sampling location shall be 84 in.If a different sampling location is used, or a different exhaustconfiguration is used, an aerosol uniformity test shall beconducted.6.2.2.2 The minimum distance from the sampling locat
40、ionto the nearest duct fitting or fan inlet shall be 24 in.6.2.3 Exhaust Fan, capable of moving 1000 ft3/min (472L/s) through the filters under test and the additional exhaustsystem components at the test static pressure condition. Thefan shall have a variable frequency drive or other means tocontro
41、l the airflow rate. The exhaust shall be dischargedoutdoors.6.2.4 Makeup Air System, a means for providing makeup airat 75 6 5F and 50 6 20 % relative humidity to match exhaustrate without disturbing the airflow pattern near the exhausthood.6.2.5 Heat Source, a uniform electric heat source with asol
42、id metal surface, a minimum 2 ft. deep by 3 ft. wide,maintained at an average surface temperature of 375 6 5F.NOTE 2A commercial electric griddle with a rated input between 7and 10 kW and been shown to work well as a heat source.6.2.5.1 The cooking surface of the heat source shall be 32in. (0.81 m)
43、above the floor. The heat source shall be centeredunder the hood from side to side and from front to back. Anyair gap between the rear of the heat source and the back wallshall be sealed with a horizontal sheet of stainless steelpositioned at the same height as the rear of the heat source.6.3 Instru
44、mentation:6.3.1 Flow Metering Station, installed in the exhaust ductfor measuring the airflow rate through the filters under test.Options include a grid of local velocity measurements usingthe log-Tchebycheff method, a flow nozzle, or an orifice plate.If a nozzle or orifice plate is used, it must be
45、 mounteddownstream from the particle sampling location.6.3.1.1 Airflow rate may be determined using velocitytraverse measurements according to the log-Tchebycheffmethod (ISO Standard 3966). Local velocities shall be mea-sured at the particle sampling location using a pitot tube, hotFIG. 4 Schematic
46、Diagram of Test ApparatusPlan ViewFIG. 5 Schematic Diagram of Test ApparatusSide ElevationViewF2519055film anemometer, or hot wire anemometer. Velocity profilesshall be measured without filters installed in the hood and withtest filters installed. Results shall be used to determine airflowrate versu
47、s fan speed with and without filters installed to set thefan speed for proper airflow rate. The airflow and filter staticpressure shall be continuously monitored.6.3.1.2 Airflow rate may be determined by means of ASMElong-radius flow nozzles with static taps. The dry bulb tem-perature, absolute pres
48、sure, and relative humidity of theexhaust airflow shall be measured in the duct immediatelyupstream of the flow-measuring device. These values shall beused for calculation of airflow rate. Measurements shall bemade with and without the test filters installed to set the fanspeed for proper airflow ra
49、te at each test condition.6.3.2 Barometer, for measuring absolute pressure of the airentering the exhaust hood. The barometer shall have a resolu-tion of 0.2 in. Hg (670 Pa).6.3.3 Differential Pressure Gage, for measuring the pressuredrop across the filters under test. The pressure gage shall havea range from 0 to 5 in. water (0 to 2.5 kPa), and have anaccuracy of 1 % at full scale.6.3.4 Temperature Sensors, industry standard Type T or Kthermocouples, one mounted at the inlet to the particle sam-pling probe in the exhaust duct to measure the temperature ofthe
