1、Designation: F2648/F2648M 11An American National StandardStandard Specification for2 to 60 inch 50 to 1500 mm Annular Corrugated ProfileWall Polyethylene (PE) Pipe and Fittings for Land DrainageApplications1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F2648/F2648M; the number immediately foll
2、owing the designation indicates the yearof original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A superscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope*1.1 This specificat
3、ion covers requirements and test methodsfor annular corrugated profile wall polyethylene pipe andfittings with an interior liner. The inside diameters covered are2 to 60 in. 50 to 1500 mm.1.2 The requirements of this specification are intended toprovide non-pressure (gravity flow) pipe and fittings
4、suitablefor underground use for subsurface and land drainage systems,which do not operate under surcharge pressure heads.NOTE 1Pipe and fittings produced in accordance with this specifica-tion are be installed in compliance with Practice D2321 or Practice F449based on diameter limitations within the
5、 respective standards.NOTE 2Subsurface and land drainage systems pertain principally tonon-municipal or private facilities for water table control, storm drainageand agricultural drainage applications. The products supplied under thisspecification are not intended for any sanitary sewer or municipal
6、 stormsewer applications.1.3 This specification covers pipe and fittings with aninterior liner using an annular exterior corrugated profile (Fig.1).1.4 This specification permits the use of recycled materialsfor pipe in accordance with the requirements in Section 5.1.5 UnitsThe values stated in eith
7、er inch-pound units orSI units are to be regarded separately as standard. The valuesstated in each system may not be exact equivalents: therefore,each system shall be used independently of the other. Combin-ing values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.1.6 This stan
8、dard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 A
9、STM Standards:2D618 Practice for Conditioning Plastics for TestingD1600 Terminology for Abbreviated Terms Relating toPlasticsD2122 Test Method for Determining Dimensions of Ther-moplastic Pipe and FittingsD2321 Practice for Underground Installation of Thermo-plastic Pipe for Sewers and Other Gravity
10、-Flow Applica-tionsD2412 Test Method for Determination of External LoadingCharacteristics of Plastic Pipe by Parallel-Plate LoadingD2444 Test Method for Determination of the Impact Resis-tance of Thermoplastic Pipe and Fittings by Means of aTup (Falling Weight)D3350 Specification for Polyethylene Pl
11、astics Pipe andFittings MaterialsD4218 Test Method for Determination of Carbon BlackContent in Polyethylene Compounds By the Muffle-Furnace TechniqueD5630 Test Method for Ash Content in PlasticsD7209 Guide for Waste Reduction, Resource Recovery, andUse of Recycled Polymeric Materials and ProductsD73
12、99 Test Method for Determination of the Amount ofPolypropylene (PP) in Polypropylene/LDPE Mixtures Us-ing Infrared Spectrophotometer (FTIR)F412 Terminology Relating to Plastic Piping SystemsF449 Practice for Subsurface Installation of CorrugatedPolyethylene Pipe forAgricultural Drainage or Water Tab
13、leControl1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F17 on PlasticPiping Systems and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F17.65 on LandDrainage.Current edition approved Aug. 1, 2011. Published August 2011. Originallyapproved in 2007. Last previous edition approved in 20
14、10 as F2648/F2648M-10.DOI: 10.1520/F2648_F2648M-11.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.1*A Summar
15、y of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.F2136 Test Method for Notched, Constant Ligament-Stress(NCLS) Test to Determine Slow-Crack-Growth Resistanceof HDPE Resins or HDP
16、E Corrugated Pipe2.2 American Association of Highway and TransportationOffcials3(AASHTO) AASHTO LRFD Bridge Design Specifications2.3 Federal Standards:4Fed. Stds. No. 123 Marking for Shipment (Civil Agencies)2.4 Military Standard:5MIL-STD-129 Marking for Shipment and Storage3. Terminology3.1 Definit
17、ions: Definitions are in accordance with Termi-nology F412 and abbreviations are in accordance with Termi-nology D1600, unless otherwise specified.The abbreviation forpolyethylene is PE.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 buckling, vAny reverse curvature or deformation inthe pip
18、e wall or profile element that reduces the load-carryingcapacity of the pipe. For testing evaluations in this standard,buckling is defined as the point where the pipe no longersustains increasing or constant load with increasing deflection.3.2.2 inside diameter, nThe manufacturers stated pipeinside
19、diameter (Table 1).3.2.3 mold line, nA line formed on the product as a resultof the mold blocks parting during manufacturing, also referredto as a parting line.3.2.4 profile wall, nA pipe wall construction that presentsan interior liner in the waterway but includes ribs, corrugations,or other shapes
20、, which can be either solid or hollow, that helpsbrace the pipe against diametrical deformation.4. Ordering Information4.1 Orders for product made to this specification shouldinclude the following information to adequately describe thedesired product:4.1.1 This ASTM designation,4.1.2 Perforations:4.
21、1.2.1 With perforations,4.1.2.2 Without perforations,4.1.3 Diameters,3Available from American Association of State Highway and TransportationOfficials (AASHTO), 444 N. Capitol St., NW, Suite 249, Washington, DC 20001,http:/www.transportation.org.4Available from U.S. Government Printing Office Superi
22、ntendent of Documents,732 N. Capitol St., NW, Mail Stop: SDE, Washington, DC 20401, http:/www.access.gpo.gov5Available from Standardization Documents Order Desk, DODSSP, Bldg. 4,Section D, 700 Robbins Ave., Philadelphia, PA 19111-5098, http:/www.dodssp.daps.mil.FIG. 1 Annular Corrugated Profile Wall
23、 Polyethylene Pipe with Interior LinerTABLE 1 Pipe Stiffness and Pipe DimensionsPipe Inside DiameterAMinimum Pipe Stiffness at 5% Deflection Minimum Inner Liner Thicknessinch mm lb/in/in kPa Inch mm2 50 50 345 0.020 0.53 75 50 345 0.020 0.54 100 50 345 0.020 0.56 150 50 345 0.020 0.58 200 50 345 0.0
24、24 0.610 250 50 345 0.024 0.612 300 50 345 0.035 0.915 375 42 290 0.040 1.018 450 40 275 0.051 1.321 525 38 260 0.060 1.524 600 34 235 0.060 1.527 675 30 205 0.060 1.530 750 28 195 0.060 1.536 900 22 150 0.067 1.742 1050 20 140 0.071 1.848 1200 18 125 0.071 1.854 1350 16 110 0.079 2.060 1500 14 97 0
25、.079 2.0AInside Diameters for metric (SI) sizes are in direct Imperial equivalent dimensionsF2648/F2648M 1124.1.4 Total footage of each pipe diameter involved,4.1.5 Pipe length,4.1.6 Fitting type(s):4.1.6.1 Size and type of fittings, including mainline andbranch diameters, and4.1.6.2 Number of fitti
26、ngs per diameter,4.1.7 Material designation,4.1.7.1 Virgin resin, and4.1.7.2 Recycled resin.5. Materials and Manufacture5.1 Virgin Resin Products:5.1.1 Pipe and FittingsThe pipe and fittings shall be madeof PE virgin plastic compound meeting the requirements of thefollowing cell classifications as d
27、efined and described inSpecification D3350:5.1.1.1 Pipe Diameter 2 through 10-inch: Cell Class424420C or 424420E (ESCR Test Condition B),5.1.1.2 Pipe Diameter 12 through 60-inch: Cell Class435420C or 435420E (ESCR Test Condition B).5.1.1.3 Environmental crack resistance shall be determinedin accorda
28、nce with 7.8. When carbon black is used, the carbonblack content shall be equal to or greater than 2.0% but notexceed 4.0 % when tested in accordance with Test MethodD4218. In all cases, the density of the PE plastic withoutpigment shall not be less than 0.945gm/cc nor greater than0.955 gm/cc. Compo
29、unds that have a higher cell classificationin one or more properties shall be permitted provided all otherproduct requirements are met.5.1.2 Rotationally Molded Fittings and CouplingsCompounds used in the manufacture of rotationally moldedfittings and couplings shall be made of virgin PE plasticcomp
30、ound meeting the requirements of cell classification213320C or 213320E (ESCR Test Condition B) as defined inSpecification D3350, except that the carbon black content shallbe equal to or greater than 2.0% but not exceed 4 % whentested in accordance withTest Method D4218. Compounds thathave a higher c
31、ell classification in one or more properties shallbe permitted provided all other product requirements are met.5.1.3 Injection and Blow Molded Fittings and CouplingsCompounds used in the manufacture of injection moldedfittings and couplings shall be made of virgin PE plasticcompound meeting the requ
32、irements of cell classification414420C or 414420E (ESCR Test Condition B) as defined inSpecification D3350, except that the carbon black content shallbe equal to or greater than 2.0% but not exceed 4 % whentested in accordance withTest Method D4218. Compounds thathave a higher cell classification in
33、 one or more properties shallbe permitted provided all other product requirements are met.5.1.4 Rework MaterialClean rework material generatedfrom the manufacturers own pipe and fittings production shallbe permitted to be used by the same manufacturer provided thatthe material meets the same or high
34、er Specification D3350 cellclassification as the material required for the intended part andpipe or fittings to be produced under this specification.5.2 Recycled Resin Products:5.2.1 Recycled Resin PipeThe pipe containing any post-consumer or industrial recycled materials shall be made of PEplastic
35、compound as defined in Guide D7209 meeting therequirements of the following cell classifications as defined anddescribed in Specification D3350:5.2.1.1 Pipe Diameter 2 through 10-inch: Cell Class424400C or 424400E,5.2.1.2 Pipe Diameter 12 through 60-inch: Cell Class435400C or 435400E.5.2.1.3 When ca
36、rbon black is used, the carbon black contentshall be equal to or greater than 2 % but not exceed 4 % whentested in accordance withTest Method D4218. Compounds thathave a higher cell classification in one or more properties shallbe permitted provided all other product requirements are met.For slow cr
37、ack growth resistance, extruded pipe shall beevaluated using the notched constant ligament stress (NCLS)test according to the procedure described in 7.9. The averagefailure time of the five test specimens shall exceed 12 h with nosingle test specimens failure time less than 9 h. Maximumlevel of poly
38、propylene present by volume shall not be greaterthan 5 percent when tested in accordance with the proceduresin 7.10. Maximum ash content shall not be more than 2% inaccordance with the procedures in 7.11.5.2.2 Recycled Resin FittingsFittings made from recycledresins are not permitted under this stan
39、dard.6. General Requirements6.1 WorkmanshipThe pipe and fittings shall be homoge-neous throughout and be as uniform as commercially practicalin color, opacity and density. The pipe walls shall be free ofcracks, holes, blisters, voids, foreign inclusions, or otherdefects that are visible to the naked
40、 eye and that may affect thewall integrity. There shall be no delaminaiton or separation ofthe inner liner and the profile. The ends shall be cut squarelyand cleanly. Holes intentionally placed in perforated pipe shallbe permitted.6.1.1 Visible defects, cracks, creases, splits, obstruction toflow in
41、 perforations, or in pipe are not permissible.6.2 Dimensions and Tolerance:6.2.1 Inside DiameterThe average measured inside diam-eter for pipe and fittings shall not vary more than (+/) 1.0%from the inside diameter when measured in accordance with7.4.1.NOTE 3The outside diameters and the corrugation
42、 pitch of productsmanufactured to this specification are not specified; therefore, compatibil-ity between pipe and fittings from different manufacturers or the samemanufacturer shall be verified.6.2.2 LengthThe pipe shall be supplied in any lengthagreeable to both the owner and manufacturer. Length
43、shall notbe less than 99% of stated quantity when measured inaccordance with 7.4.2.6.2.3 Minimum Inner Liner ThicknessThe minimum innerliner thickness of the pipe shall meet the requirements given inTable 1 when measured in accordance with 7.4.3.6.2.4 PerforationsPerforations shall be cleanly cut,pl
44、aced in the valley of the corrugation rib, and uniformlyspaced along the length and circumference of the pipe. Dimen-sions of the perforations and the minimum perforation inletarea shall be as listed in Table 2. Other perforation dimensionsand configurations shall be permitted where required to meet
45、the needs of the specifier. All measurements shall be made inF2648/F2648M 113accordance with 7.4.4. Pipe connected by bell and spigot jointsshall not be perforated in the area of the bells and spigots.6.3 Pipe StiffnessMinimum pipe stiffness at 5% deflectionshall meet the requirements given in Table
46、 2 when tested inaccordance with 7.5.NOTE 4The 5 % deflection criterion, which was selected for testingconvenience, is not a limitation with respect to in-use deflection. Theengineer is responsible for establishing the acceptable deflection limit.6.4 Pipe FlatteningThere shall be no evidence of spli
47、t-ting, cracking, breaking, separation of seams, separation be-tween the exterior corrugation and inner liner, or combinationsthereof, when tested in accordance with 7.6.6.5 Pipe Impact StrengthThere shall be no evidence ofsplitting, cracking, breaking, separation of seams, separation ofthe outer an
48、d inner wall, or combinations thereof, when testedin accordance with 7.7.6.6 Fittings and Joining Systems:6.6.1 Only fittings supplied or recommended by the pipemanufacturer shall be used. Fittings shall be installed inaccordance with the manufacturers recommendations.6.6.2 The joining system(s) sha
49、ll be of a design thatpreserves alignment during construction and prevents separa-tion at the joints. Bell and spigot, external snap or split couplersare examples of typical designs.NOTE 5The ability of a joint to resist soil infiltration (soil tightness)shall be considered. Soil tightness is a function of opening size, channellength, and backfill particle size. A backfill material containing a highpercentage of Class III and Class IV
