1、Designation: F2733 17Standard Specification forFlame-Resistant Rainwear for Protection Against FlameHazards1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F2733; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last
2、 revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This specification establishes applicable test methods,minimum physical and thermal performance criteria, a sug-gested siz
3、ing guide, and suggested purchasing information forrainwear for use by workers who are potentially exposed toindustrial hydrocarbon fires or other petrochemical fire haz-ards.1.1.1 This specification does not apply to rainwear used forthermal electric arc flash hazards. Specification of rainwear for
4、these electric arc flash hazards are addressed in SpecificationF1891.1.2 The objective of this specification is to prescribe func-tion and performance criteria for rainwear that meets a mini-mum level of thermal and physical performance when exposedto a laboratory-simulated fire exposure.1.3 This sp
5、ecification is not intended to serve as a detailedmanufacturing or purchasing specification, but can be refer-enced in purchase contracts to ensure that minimum perfor-mance requirements are met.1.4 Controlled laboratory tests used to determine compli-ance with the performance requirements of this s
6、pecificationshall not be deemed as establishing performance levels for allsituations to which wearers of this protective clothing arepotentially exposed.1.5 This specification does not attempt to establish in-service care and use of this flame-resistant rainwear.1.6 The values stated in SI units are
7、 to be regarded asstandard. The values given in brackets are mathematicalconversions to inch-pound or other units that are commonlyused for thermal testing.1.7 The following safety hazards caveat pertains to Sections7 and 9 of this specification. This standard does not purport toaddress all of the s
8、afety concerns, if any, associated with itsuse. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard toestablish appropriate safety, health and environmental prac-tices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitationsprior to use.1.8 This international standard was developed in accor-dance
9、 with internationally recognized principles on standard-ization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards, Guides and Recom-mendations issued by the World Trade Organization TechnicalBarriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Stand
10、ards:2D123 Terminology Relating to TextilesD751 Test Methods for Coated FabricsD1117 Guide for Evaluating Nonwoven Fabrics (Withdrawn2009)3D1388 Test Method for Stiffness of FabricsD3393 Specification for Coated FabricsWaterproofnessD3776/D3776M Test Methods for Mass Per Unit Area(Weight) of FabricD
11、3786/D3786M Test Method for Bursting Strength of Tex-tile FabricsDiaphragm Bursting Strength Tester MethodD4391 Terminology Relating to The Burning Behavior ofTextilesD6413/D6413M Test Method for Flame Resistance of Tex-tiles (Vertical Test)E96/E96M Test Methods for Water Vapor Transmission ofMateri
12、alsF1494 Terminology Relating to Protective ClothingF1891 Specification for Arc and Flame Resistant RainwearF1930 Test Method for Evaluation of Flame Resistant Cloth-ing for Protection Against Fire Simulations Using an1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F23 onPersonal Pro
13、tective Clothing and Equipment and is the direct responsibility ofSubcommittee F23.80 on Flame and Thermal.Current edition approved Sept. 1, 2017. Published September 2017. Originallyapproved in 2009. Last previous edition approved in 2009 as F2733 09. DOI:10.1520/F2733-17.2For referenced ASTM stand
14、ards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced onwww.astm.org.Cop
15、yright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United StatesThis international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of Internat
16、ional Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.1Instrumented Manikin2.2 Federal Specifications:4FTMS 191A, Method 5516FTMS CCC-T-191b, Method 52042.3 AATCC Standards:5AATCC 135 Dimensional Changes Automatic Home Laun-der
17、ing of Woven and Knitted FabricsAATCC 127 Water Resistance: Hydrostatic Pressure Test2.4 NFPA Standards:NFPA 2112 Standard on Flame-Resistant Garments forProtection of Industrial Personnel Against Flash Fire,2007 Edition63. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 afterflame, npersistent flaming of a materi
18、al after theignition source has been removed.3.1.2 afterflame time, nthe length of time for which amaterial continues to flame after the ignition source has beenremoved.3.1.2.1 DiscussionDuring simulated laboratory fire testingof clothing, the length of time for which a specimen continuesto exhibit
19、a visible flaming as determined by a time displayvideo recording or visual observation of the specimen duringtesting.3.1.3 breakopen, nin testing thermal protective materials,a material response evidenced by the formation of a hole in thetest specimen during the thermal exposure that can result indi
20、rect exposure to heat/flame.3.1.3.1 DiscussionThe specimen is considered to exhibitbreakopen when a hole is produced as a result of the thermalexposure that is at least 3.2 cm2(0.5 in.2) in area or at least2.5 cm (1.0 in.) in any dimension. Single threads across theopening or hole do not reduce the
21、size of the hole for thepurposes of this test method.3.1.4 burn injury, nburn damage which occurs withinhuman skin at various depths as a function of temperature andtime and which can be described mathematically in a burninjury model.3.1.4.1 DiscussionBurn injury in human tissue occurswhen the tissu
22、e is heated above a critical temperature. Thedegree of burn injuryfirst, second, or third degreedependsupon the level above the critical temperature, the durationabove the critical temperature, and the depth in the skin layers.3.1.5 char length, nin measuring flame resistance oftextiles, the distanc
23、e from the fabric edge which was directlyexposed to the flame to the furthest point of visible fabricdamage after a specified tearing force has been applied.3.1.6 charring, nthe formation of carbonaceous residue asthe result of pyrolysis or incomplete combustion.3.1.7 design test, nfor flame-resista
24、nt rainwear, one madeon a sample as representative of a commercial product; thesetests will not generally be repeated in quantity production.3.1.7.1 DiscussionPerform the design test only when anew or modified rainwear material, substrate, coating, oradhesive is used to manufacture rainwear.Achange
25、in rainwearmaterial includes, but is not limited to, any of the following:The material composition, weight, coating, laminate, adhesive,or the supplier of the material, substrate, coating, laminate, oradhesive.3.1.8 dripping, nin testing thermal protective material, aresponse evidenced by flowing of
26、 the fiber polymer.3.1.8.1 DiscussionIn testing thermal protective materials,coated fabrics, or laminates, dripping is a response evidencedby flowing of the fiber polymer, the fabric coating, or the fabriclaminates, and the evidence of droplets from the flowingmaterial.3.1.9 embrittlement, nthe form
27、ation of a brittle residue asa result of pyrolysis or incomplete combustion.3.1.10 fire exposure, nin laboratory-simulated fire testingof clothing, a fuel rich fire generated with non-stoichiometricamounts of propane and oxygen in air leading to incompletecombustion of the propane. The fire exposure
28、 is a propane-airdiffusion flame with a controlled heat flux engulfing themanikin for a controlled duration.3.1.11 flame resistance, nthe property of a materialwhereby flaming combustion is prevented, terminated, orinhibited following application of a flaming or nonflamingsource of ignition, with or
29、 without subsequent removal of theignition source.3.1.12 garment ignition, nin laboratory-simulated firetesting of clothing, the initiation of combustion of a garmentspecimen that does not self extinguish for at least 10 s.3.1.13 heat energy exposure, nin laboratory-simulatedfire testing of clothing
30、, the total heat energy received at asurface as a direct result of a laboratory-simulated fire.3.1.13.1 DiscussionAs related to heat energy exposure,the energy in J/cm2(cal/cm2), that is transferred to the materialsurface is determined by multiplying the heat flux of thelaboratory-simulated flash fi
31、re by the duration of thelaboratory-simulated flash fire.3.1.14 melting, na material response evidenced by soften-ing of the polymer.3.1.14.1 DiscussionIn testing flame-resistant rainwear,melting is additionally defined as the liquefaction of materialunder the influence of heat.3.1.15 rainwear, na g
32、arment which provides protectionfrom precipitation for the head, limbs, and body of the user.3.1.16 shrinkage, na decrease in one or more dimensionsof an object or material.3.1.17 thermal exposure, nthe intensity of heat energy towhich a fabric is exposed.4Available from Standardization Documents Or
33、der Desk, DODSSP, Bldg. 4,Section D, 700 Robbins Ave., Philadelphia, PA 19111-5098, http:/www.dodssp.daps.mil.5Available from American Association of Textile Chemists and Colorists(AATCC), P.O. Box 12215, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, http:/www.aatcc.org.6Available from National Fire Protection
34、Association (NFPA), 1 BatterymarchPark, Quincy, MA 02169-7471, http:/www.nfpa.org.F2733 1723.1.18 thermal material response, nin laboratory-simulated fire testing of clothing, the effects that are observedconcurrent and subsequent to thermal exposure, which caninclude phenomena such as breakopen, ch
35、arring,embrittlement, melting, shrinkage, etc.3.1.18.1 DiscussionThe thermal material response is aresult of exposure to the radiant and convective energy of thelaboratory-simulated fire.3.1.19 thermal protection, nthe property that characterizesthe overall performance of a garment or protective clo
36、thingensemble relative to its ability to reduce burn injury caused byheat transfer.3.1.19.1 DiscussionThermal protection of a garment orensemble and the consequential predicted burn injury (second-degree, third-degree, or both), are quantified from the responseof manikin test thermal energy sensors.
37、 In addition to thecalculated results, the physical response and degradation of thegarment or protective ensemble are observable phenomenauseful in understanding garment or protective clothing en-semble thermal protection.3.1.20 thermal resistance, nthe reciprocal of thermaltransmittance.3.1.21 ther
38、mal transmittance, nunidirectional heat trans-fer per unit area, in the steady state, between parallel planes,per unit difference of temperature of the planes.3.2 For definitions of other textile terms used in thisspecification, refer to Terminologies D123, D4391, and F1494.4. Significance and Use4.
39、1 This specification covers the minimum performancecriteria for flame resistance and other requirements for rain-wear used by workers with the potential to be simultaneouslyexposed to wet weather conditions and either hydrocarbon orpetrochemical industrial fires.4.2 The purchaser has the option to p
40、erform or haveperformed any of the tests required by this specification inorder to verify the performance of the rainwear.4.3 This specification for rainwear shall not be construed asa requirement for the use of any particular rainwear material.5. Ordering Information5.1 It is useful for the purchas
41、er to consider the followingitems when buying rainwear under this specification. Includethese items, as necessary, in purchasing documents:5.1.1 Type of material,5.1.2 Fabric weight, g/m2(oz/yd2),5.1.3 Type and material of fasteners (buttons, snaps,zippers, or hook-and-loop fasteners),5.1.4 Reflecti
42、ve material sections (optional),5.1.5 Style and design or catalog number,5.1.6 Hood design (attached or detachable),5.1.7 Sizes,5.1.8 Color,5.1.9 Special identification markings (optional),5.1.10 Jacket length, trouser length (if applicable), trouser/jacket overlap (if applicable), and5.1.11 Notatio
43、n of conformance to this specification.6. Materials and Manufacture6.1 The rainwear shall be designed and manufactured usingmaterials and seam constructions that meet the requirementsfor leak resistance in 7.3.6.2 Mechanical fastener closures, such as buttons or snaps,shall be designed and construct
44、ed so that they are covered bythe rainwear outer layer material.6.2.1 This will result in the garment having a multiple layerconstruction in the area of the closure. This will also preventthe closure hardware from being directly exposed to thethermal hazard.NOTE 1In limited testing, it has been foun
45、d some uncovered closuresmelt and fuse. Constructing the closures so that they are covered asdescribed above is designed to mitigate the melting and fusing observedwith uncovered closures.7. Physical Performance Testing Procedures7.1 Test rainwear material for physical performance charac-teristics i
46、nitially as manufactured or as received from themanufacturer and after five cleaning and drying cycles unlessotherwise indicated.7.1.1 Clean and dry in accordance with care instructionsfrom the rainwear manufacturer.7.1.1.1 If no cleaning instructions are provided by therainwear manufacturer, clean
47、and dry in accordance withAATCC Method 135 (3, IV A iii).7.1.2 For limited-use or disposable rainwear with careinstructions indicating the rainwear is not to be cleaned, test therainwear material sample only as received or as manufactured.7.2 Weight and Weight Uniformity Rainwear Material:7.2.1 Dete
48、rmine the average weight in g/m2(oz/yd2)oftherainwear material sample submitted for the material testing in7.3, 7.4, and 7.5 (optional) in accordance with Test MethodsD3776/D3776M, Option B. If a single sample of rainwearmaterial is used for all of the designated tests, one averageweight determinati
49、on shall be done. If a different rainwearmaterial sample is used for one or more of the tests, a separateaverage weight determination shall be done for each rainwearmaterial sample.7.2.1.1 Determine the average weight of each rainwearmaterial sample initially as received and after five cleaning anddrying cycles as described in 7.1.7.2.2 Determine weight uniformity across the width of therainwear material sample as received using the same tempera-ture and humidity preconditioning as required for Test MethodsD3776/D3776M, Option B.7.2.2.1 For ea
