1、AWWA Standard SM Poly(Diallyldimethyl- ammonium Chloride) Effective date: Dec. 1, 2016. First edition approved by AWWA Board of Directors June 14, 1987. This edition approved June 19, 2016. Approved by American National Standards Institute April 18, 2016. ANSI/AWWA B451-16 (Revision of ANSI/AWWA B45
2、1-10) Copyright 2016 American Water Works Association. All Rights Reserved. ii AWWA Standard This document is an American Water Works Association (AWWA) standard. It is not a specification. AWWA standards describe minimum requirements and do not contain all of the engineering and administrative info
3、rmation normally contained in specifications. The AWWA standards usually contain options that must be evaluated by the user of the standard. Until each optional feature is specified by the user, the product or service is not fully defined. AWWA pub- lication of a standard does not constitute endorse
4、ment of any product or product type, nor does AWWA test, certify, or approve any product. The use of AWWA standards is entirely voluntary. This standard does not supersede or take precedence over or displace any applicable law, regulation, or code of any governmental authority. AWWA standards are in
5、tended to represent a consensus of the water industry that the product described will provide satisfactory ser- vice. When AWWA revises or withdraws this standard, an official notice of action will be placed on the first page of the Official Notice section of Journal American Water Works Association
6、. The action becomes effective on the first day of the month following the month of Journal American Water Works Association publication of the official notice. American National Standard An American National Standard implies a consensus of those substantially concerned with its scope and provisions
7、. An American National Standard is intended as a guide to aid the manufacturer, the consumer, and the general public. The existence of an American National Standard does not in any respect preclude anyone, whether that person has ap - proved the standard or not, from manufacturing, marketing, purcha
8、sing, or using products, processes, or procedures not conforming to the standard. American National Standards are subject to periodic review, and users are cautioned to obtain the latest editions. Producers of goods made in conformity with an American National Standard are encour - aged to state on
9、their own responsibility in advertising and promotional materials or on tags or labels that the goods are produced in conformity with particular American National Standards. Caution n oti Ce : The American National Standards Institute (ANSI) approval date on the front cover of this standard indicate
10、s completion of the ANSI approval process. This American National Standard may be revised or withdrawn at any time. ANSI procedures require that action be taken to reaffirm, revise, or withdraw this standard no later than five years from the date of publication. Purchasers of American National Stand
11、ards may receive current information on all standards by calling or writing the American National Standards Institute, 25 West 43rd Street, Fourth Floor, New York, NY 10036; 212.642.4900; or emailing infoansi.org. ISBN-13, print: 978-1-62576-182-8 eISBN-13, electronic: 978-1-61300-391-6DOI: http:/dx
12、.doi.org/10.12999/AWWA.B451.16 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopy, recording, or any information or retrieval system, except in the form of brief excerpts or quotations for revie
13、w purposes, without the written permission of the publisher. Copyright 2016 by American Water Works Association Printed in USA hours of work by your fellow water professionals. Revenue from the sales of this AWWA material supports ongoing product development. Unauthorized distribution, either electr
14、onic or photocopied, is illegal and hinders AWWAs mission to support the water community. This AWWA content is the product of thousands of Copyright 2016 American Water Works Association. All Rights Reserved. iii Committee Personnel The AWWA Standards Committee on Polyelectrolytes, which developed,
15、reviewed, and approved this standard, had the following personnel at the time of approval: David R. Purkiss, Chair General Interest Members J. H. Bambei,* Standards Council Liaison, Denver Water, Denver, Colo. (AWWA) P.H. Hargette, Black only laboratory testing, pilot-plant studies, or full-scale pl
16、ant trials can discern product efficacy. 6. PolyDADMACs manufactured in solution form may contain inactive ingredients, such as sodium chloride, depending on the manufacturing method and formulation. 7. PolyDADMACs manufactured in emulsion form contain inactive petro- leum solvents and surfactants a
17、nd may also contain sodium chloride and other inactive ingredients, depending on the manufacturing method and formulation. 8. PolyDADMACs manufactured in powder form may contain sodium chlo- ride and other inactive ingredients, depending on the manufacturing method and formulation. The user should c
18、onsult both the safety data sheet (SDS) and the product techni- cal data sheet for the specific polyDADMAC product being used for information on the products composition, physical properties, safety procedures, feeding and storage guidelines, and other important information. The supplier should prov
19、ide copies of the product technical data sheet along with the SDS. I.B. History. The AWWA Standards Council authorized the development of this standard in 1979. The standard was developed by the AWWA Standards Committee on Polyelectrolytes and was approved by the AWWA Board of Directors on June 14,
20、1987. Subsequent editions were approved on June 18, 1992, Jan. 25, 1998, Copyright 2016 American Water Works Association. All Rights Reserved. ix June 13, 2004, and June 20, 2010. This edition of the standard and was approved on June 19, 2016. I.C. Acceptance (Water Supply Service Applications). In
21、May 1985, the US Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) entered into a cooperative agreement with a consortium led by NSF International (NSF) to develop voluntary third-party consensus standards and a certification program for direct and indirect drinking water additives. Other members of the origi
22、nal consortium included the Water Research Foundation (formerly AwwaRF) and the Conference of State Health and Environmental Managers (COSHEM). The American Water Works Association (AWWA) and the Association of State Drinking Water Administrators (ASDWA) joined later. In the United States, authority
23、 to regulate products for use in, or in contact with, drinking water rests with individual states.* Local agencies may choose to impose requirements more stringent than those required by the state. To evaluate the health effects of products and drinking water additives from such products, state and
24、local agencies may use various references, including two standards developed under the direction of NSF : NSF/ANSI 60, Drinking Water Treatment ChemicalsHealth Effects, and NSF/ANSI 61, Drinking Water System ComponentsHealth Effects. Various certification organizations may be involved in certifying
25、products in accor- dance with NSF/ANSI 60. Individual states or local agencies have authority to accept or accredit certification organizations within their jurisdictions. Accreditation of certi- fication organizations may vary from jurisdiction to jurisdiction. Annex A, “Toxicology Review and Evalu
26、ation Procedures,” to NSF/ANSI 60 does not stipulate a maximum allowable level (MAL) of a contaminant for substances not regulated by a USEPA final maximum contaminant level (MCL). The MALs of an unspecified list of “unregulated contaminants” are based on toxicity testing guidelines (noncarcinogens)
27、 and risk characterization methodology (carcinogens). Use of Annex A procedures may not always be identical, depending on the certifier. ANSI/AWWA B451 addresses additives requirements in Sec. 4.7 of the standard. The transfer of contaminants from chemicals to processed water or the residual solids
28、is becoming a problem of great concern. The language in Sec. 4.2.1 is a recommenda- tion only for direct additives used in the treatment of potable water to be certified by an accredited certification organization in accordance with NSF/ANSI 60, Drinking Water Treatment ChemicalsHealth Effects. However, users of the standard may opt * Persons outside the United States should contact the appropriate authority having jurisdiction. NSF International, 789 North Dixboro Road, Ann Arbor, MI 48105. Copyright 2016 American Water Works Association. All Rights Reserved.
