1、BRITISH STANDARD BS4162:1983 Methods of test for Buttons UDC688.21BS4162:1983 This British Standard, having been prepared under the directionof the Textile Products and Leather Standards Committee, was published underthe authority of the BoardofBSI and comes intoeffecton 31 March 1983 BSI 04-1999 Fi
2、rst published May1967 First revision March1983 The following BSI references relate to the work on this standard: Committee reference TLM/12 Draft for comment81/36677DC ISBN 0 580 11931 9 Committees responsible for this British Standard This British Standard was published under the direction of the T
3、extile Products and Leather Standards Committee TLM/-. Its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee TLM/12 upon which the following bodies were represented: Association of British Launderers and Cleaners Ltd. Association of Button Merchants British Association of Clothing Machinery Manufactu
4、rers British Button Manufacturers Association British Clothing Industry Association British Plastics Federation Consumer Standards Advisory Committee of BSI Department of Health and Social Security Drapers Chamber of Trade Fabric Care Research Association Knitting Industries Federation Ltd. Made-up
5、Textiles Association Satra Footwear Technology Centre The National Building and Allied Hardware Manufacturers Federation Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. Date of issue CommentsBS4162:1983 BSI 04-1999 i Contents Page Committees responsible Inside front cover Foreword ii 1 Scope 1 2 Sampli
6、ng 1 3 Determination of abrasion resistance 1 4 Determination of strength 1 5 Resistance to wash liquors 2 6 Resistance to dry-cleaning solvents 4 7 Resistance to free steam pressing 4 8 Resistance to ironing 5 9 Resistance to hot-head pressing 6 10 Resistance to atmospheric corrosion 6 11 Resistanc
7、e to the action of water, sea-water, or chlorine water 7 Appendix A Rotary mechanical washing device 11 Figure 1 Tension test 8 Figure 2 Swinging pendulum impact machine 9 Figure 3 Rotary mechanical washing device 10 Table 1 Average tension strength values 2 Publications referred to Inside back cove
8、rBS4162:1983 ii BSI 04-1999 Foreword This British Standard is a revision of the standard first published in1967 and amended in1969 and1974, and has been prepared under the direction of the Textile Products and Leather Standards Committee. BS4162:1967 is now withdrawn. This British Standard was prepa
9、red at the request of the British Button Manufacturers Association and others interested in ascertaining and establishing the ability of buttons to meet user specifications, particularly with regard to various methods of cleaning the garments to which they are attached. The principal changes introdu
10、ced by this revision are as follows: a) units and quantities are now based on the metric system of measurement; b) new tests are described for resistance to wash liquors; resistance to dry-cleaning solvents; resistance to free steam pressing and resistance to hot head pressing; c) the test for stren
11、gth of buttons has been extended to include an impact test; d) additional tests are given for resistance to abrasive action, resistance to atmospheric corrosion and resistance to water, sea-water (sodium chloride solution) and chlorine water. The methods of test are, in appropriate cases, based on t
12、he corresponding methods of test in BS1006. A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligation
13、s. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, pages i and ii, pages1 to12, an inside back cover and a back cover. This standard has been updated (see copyright date) and may have had amendments incorporated. This will be indicated in the amendment table on theinsi
14、de front cover.BS4162:1983 BSI 04-1999 1 1 Scope This British Standard describes methods of test for all types of buttons for the fastening and ornamentation of wearing apparel. NOTE 1The tests cannot be directly related to laundering and dry-cleaning occurring in practice because other factors such
15、 as mechanical effects cannot be reproduced satisfactorily on a small scale, but they can be used to indicate the suitability of buttons for general and specific uses. NOTE 2The titles of the publications referred to in this standard are listed on the inside back cover. 2 Sampling Batch sampling for
16、 each test, except for the strength test, shall be as follows: When duplicate test samples are required each test sample shall be taken as near as possible from the same source. For the strength test (clause4) the above sampling procedure shall be followed, except that the minimum size of sample sha
17、ll be10 buttons. 3 Determination of abrasion resistance 3.1 General. This test determines the resistance of all types of buttons to normal “wear and tear” such as may be encountered during the lifetime of garments. 3.2 Principle. The buttons, together with a specified quantity of a designated grade
18、of pumice powder are tumbled in a small cylindrical barrel which is rotated at a specified number of revolutions per minute over a specified period of time. The buttons are examined for any change in appearance. 3.3 Apparatus 3.3.1 Cylindrical PVC barrel, inside diameter105mm, length70mm having a re
19、movable lid. The barrel is mounted horizontally and rotated by a fractional horsepower motor at a constant speed of60r/min. 3.3.2 Pumice powder, dry, commercial grade, i.e.mean particle diameter less than4254m. 3.3.3 Balance, capable of weighing to an accuracy of0.1g. 3.3.4 Small sieve, aperture siz
20、e approximately6.7mm. 3.3.5 Soft brush or duster. 3.4 Procedure. Weigh out50g of pumice powder, and place in the barrel with: a) for11mm to25mm buttons,5 test buttons; b) for26mm to38mm buttons,3 test buttons. Replace the lid and rotate the barrel at60r/min for30min. Remove the lid and empty the con
21、tents of the barrel on the sieve. Separate the buttons from the pumice powder by gently shaking the sieve. Remove all traces of pumice powder from the buttons by means of a soft brush or duster. Repeat until all the test buttons have been tested. Examine carefully the tested buttons and compare with
22、 untested buttons in a north sky light. The buttons shall be considered to have passed the test if there is no visible change in their appearance. NOTE 1The surfaces to be compared are illuminated by north sky light in the Northern hemisphere (or south sky light in the Southern hemisphere) or an equ
23、ivalent source of light giving an illuminance of600lx or more. The light is incident upon the surfaces at an angle of approximately45 and the direction of viewing is approximately along the perpendicular to the plane of the surfaces. NOTE 2Fresh pumice powder should be used for each batch sample of
24、buttons tested. 3.5 Test report. The test report shall include the following particulars: a) the test result, pass or fail; b) reference to this standard; c) details of any deviation from the test method. 4 Determination of strength 4.1 General. This test determines the resistance of all types of bu
25、ttons (10mm diameter and over) to strain imposed during clothing manufacture or normal use (tension) and/or to violent blows encountered during clothing manufacture or normal use (impact). up to1 000 buttons five buttons taken at random 1001 to10000 buttons five buttons plus one for each additional1
26、000 or part thereof taken at random 10001 to100000 buttons 15 buttons plus one for each additional10000 or part thereof taken at random 100001 buttons upwards 25 buttons plus one for each additional25000 or part thereof taken at random.BS4162:1983 2 BSI 04-1999 4.2 Principle. The buttons are subject
27、ed a) to tension whereby the load is steadily increased until the point of breakage occurs and/or b) to impact by a pendulum of a specified mass released from a specified height. 4.3 Apparatus 4.3.1 Tension 4.3.1.1 Mechanically driven tensometer giving a rate of separation of the grips of6.35mm/min.
28、 4.3.1.2 Jig to hold the button evenly round its outer edge (see Figure 1). 4.3.1.3 1.6mm welding rod pieces bent as shown in Figure 1, so as to pass easily through the holes in the button or hole in the shank and attached to the clamp. For certain types of buttons 1)a different means of attaching t
29、he button to the clamp will be required to apply a horizontal tensile force. 4.3.1.4 Clamp to hold the ends of the welding rod during the test. 4.3.2 Impact 4.3.2.1 An Izod-type impact machine (see Figure 2). 4.3.2.2 Button holders of suitable size for the buttons to be tested (see Figure 2). 4.4 Te
30、st specimens. Take ten buttons at random for each test. 4.5 Procedures 4.5.1 Tension. Pass the looped welding rod through the holes in a test button (through two holes diagonally opposite each other for a four hole button or through the hole in the shank of the button). Assemble the button and rod i
31、n the tensometer. Apply a gradually increasing load until the button or shank breaks and note the reading obtained in newtons. Repeat the procedure on the remaining test buttons. Calculate the average and record the highest and lowest results. NOTEThe highest and lowest values are normally expected
32、to deviate by up to25% of the average strength, e.g.for an average strength of100N the values of75N minimum and125N maximum are regarded as on the borderline of normal deviation. 4.5.2 Impact. Place a test button into the half round cavity of the appropriate sized clamp with the face towards the swi
33、ng of the pendulum weight such that for a four hole button, two holes are exposed and for a two hole button, one hole is exposed. Close the clamp with the button in position and load the assembly on the base of the impact machine by means of the screw provided. Raise and secure the pendulum at posit
34、ion2 (see Figure 2) for a button up to15mm diameter, or at position1 for a larger button by means of the spring loaded catch. Release the catch and allow the pendulum to swing down, striking the button. Record whether the button breaks, fractures or distorts. Repeat the procedure on the remaining te
35、st buttons. 4.6 Conditions for pass or fail. When tested by the tension and/or impact tests the buttons shall meet the following criteria: a) if submitted to the tension test the buttons shall be classified as “light duty” or “heavy duty”, depending on their average tension strength and diameter as
36、specified in Table 1; b) if submitted to the impact test the buttons shall not break, fracture or distort. Table 1Average tension strength values 4.7 Test report. The test report shall include the following particulars: a) the strength of the buttons (see4.6); b) reference to this standard; c) detai
37、ls of any deviation from the test method. 5 Resistance to wash liquors 5.1 General. This test determines the resistance of all types of buttons to wash liquors at temperatures of40C,50C,60C or95C, as required. These temperatures cover the range of washing procedures from mild to severe. 1) For examp
38、le: screw type, serrated wires, spike with sherlock-type washers, draw strings and loops, etc. Button diameter Average tension strength (min.) Light duty Heavy duty mm N N Up to13 65 130 13 and below16 90 155 16 and below23 110 180 23 and below30 130 200BS4162:1983 BSI 04-1999 3 5.2 Principle. The b
39、uttons are placed in contact with standard multi-fibre adjacent fabric and then mechanically agitated under specified conditions of time and temperature in a soap or detergent solution, rinsed and dried. The change in colour of the buttons and the staining of adjacent fabrics are assessed with the g
40、rey scales. 5.3 Apparatus and reagents 5.3.1 Rotary mechanical washing device, as described in Appendix A. 5.3.2 Beaker, or similar container,750mL capacity, suitable for boiling water and of a size sufficient to cover the test specimen. 5.3.3 Means of heating the beaker. 5.3.4 Thermometer,0C to110C
41、. 5.3.5 Bags containing non-corrodible steel balls. Squares of undyed, unfinished cotton twill, each measuring approximately100mm 100mm, sewn together in pairs along all four sides containing10 non-corrodible6mm diameter steel balls. 5.3.6 Grey scales, complying with BS1006,sectionsA02 and A03. 5.3.
42、7 Pieces of standard multi-fibre adjacent fabric 2) ,100mm width. 5.3.8 Soap solution, containing5g of soap complying with BS1006, section C03 and2g of anhydrous sodium carbonate per litre of deionized water. The solution shall be freshly prepared. NOTESoap complying with BS1912 is suitable. 5.3.9 D
43、etergent solution, containing4g of detergent complying with BS1006, Section C06 and1g of sodium perborate per litre of deionized water. The solution shall be freshly prepared. 5.4 Composite specimens. Sew up to five of the test buttons equally spaced along the centre of the first piece of fabric of
44、suitable length. Cover with the second piece of fabric of similar length and sew along all four sides and between the buttons. Prepare composite specimens from the remainder of the test buttons in the same way. NOTE 1For large buttons it may be necessary to prepare a greater number of composite spec
45、imens. Each composite specimen should be tested separately. NOTE 2The buttons should be sewn as close as possible together so that they do not touch, but so that all fabric types are touched if the multi-fibre adjacent fabric strip is used. 5.5 Procedure. Test each composite specimen in turn as foll
46、ows. Pour a quantity of the soap solution (5.3.8) or the detergent solution (5.3.9) equal to half the capacity of a container of the rotary mechanical washing device unit into the beaker and raise its temperature to40C,50C,60C or95C, as required. Immerse the composite specimen and two bags of steel
47、balls. Raise the temperature of the contents of the beaker to the test temperature plus2C within2min and transfer the contents of the beaker to a container of the mechanical washing device. When the temperature has fallen to the test temperature, seal the container and rotate it at35 2r/min for30min
48、. Remove the composite specimen from the solution, thoroughly rinse in water and hang up until completely dry. Both the rinsing and the drying shall be carried out at room temperature (approximately20C). Separate the two pieces of fabric and examine each piece and the buttons. It is permitted to rub
49、 the surface of the buttons with a piece of dry fabric to remove any sediment that may have adhered. Assess the change in colour of the buttons and the staining of the adjacent fabric with the grey scales. Examine the buttons for distortion or other defects, i.e.softening, swelling, blistering, cracking, breaking, or loss of lustre. 5.6 Conditions for pass or fail. The buttons shall be deemed to have passed the test if the following conditions are met: a) the colour fastness of the buttons is not less than4 when assessed against the grey scale for assess
