1、BRITISH STANDARD BS 5182:1975 ISO 2646:1974 Method for the Measurement of the length of wool fibres processed on the worsted system, using a fibre diagram machine UDC 677.313:677.017.222.26:53.082.5BS5182:1975 This British Standard, having been approved by the Textile Divisional Council, was publish
2、edunder the authority ofthe Executive Board on 31January1975 BSI 10-1999 The following BSI references relate to the work on this standard: Committee reference T/16 ISBN 0 580 08521 X Co-operating organizations The Textile Divisional Council, under whose supervision this British Standard was prepared
3、, consists of representatives from the following Government department and scientific and industrial organizations: British Railways Board Consumer Standards Advisory Committee of BSI Consumers Association Cotton Industry Standards Committee Jute Industry Standards Committee Linen Industry Standards
4、 Committee London Transport Executive Man-made Fibres Industry Standards Committee Ministry of Defence Ropes and Cordage Industry Standards Committee Silk Industry Standards Committee Society of Dyers, and Colourists Textile Institute* Textile Machinery Industry Standards Committee Trades Union Cong
5、ress Wool Industry Standards Committee The organization marked with an asterisk in the above list is represented on the Standing Joint Committee for Textile Test Methods, the members of which were appointed by the Textile Institute and the Textile Divisional Council, and which was entrusted with sup
6、ervising the preparation of this BritishStandard; they were drawn from: Association of Jute Spinners and Manufacturers Manchester Chamber of Commerce Testing House Shirley Institute University of Leeds Wira Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. Date of issue CommentsBS5182:1975 BSI 10-1999 i
7、Contents Page Co-operating organizations Inside front cover Foreword ii 1 Scope and field of application 1 2 Reference 1 3 Principle 1 4 Apparatus 1 5 Atmosphere for conditioning and testing 1 6 Test specimens 1 7 Procedure 2 8 Calculation and expression of results 2 Annex A Wira fibre diagram machi
8、ne 5 Figure 1 Sealing unit 3 Figure 2 Plan view of diagram machine 3 Figure 3 Front face of diagram machine 4BS5182:1975 ii BSI 10-1999 Foreword This British Standard has been prepared under the authority of the Textile Divisional Council. It is identical with International Standard ISO2646 “Wool Me
9、asurement of the length of fibres processed in the worsted system, using a fibre diagram machine”, published by the International Organization for Standardization. For the purposes of this British Standard, the text of ISO2646 given in this publication should be modified as follows. Terminology. The
10、 words “British Standard” should replace “International Standard” wherever they appear. Cross references. The references to other ISO standards should be replaced by references to British Standards as follows: A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract.
11、 Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. Reference to International Standard Appropriate British Standard ISO 139 Textiles Standard atmospheres for conditioning and testing
12、 BS 1051 Glossary of terms relating to the conditioning and testing of textiles Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, pages i and ii, pages1 to 5 and a back cover. This standard has been updated (see copyright date) and may have had amendments incorporated. T
13、his will be indicated in the amendment table on the inside front cover.BS5182:1975 BSI 10-1999 1 1 Scope and field of application This International Standard specifies a method for the measurement of the length of wool fibres using a fibre diagram machine. The method is applicable to combed slivers
14、processed on the worsted system. For slivers containing two or more fibres of different dielectric constants (for example wool and polyesters) and length distributions, the results may not be an accurate reflection of the actual fibre-length distribution of the top. 2 Reference ISO 139, “Textiles St
15、andard atmospheres for conditioning and testing.”. 3 Principle A length of sliver under test is folded in two and squared off. A band of fibre ends is sealed to a plastic strip and withdrawn. The draw is then fed through the electrodes of a capacitance bridge in the apparatus and the position of a s
16、pot of light marked on recording paper, thus giving an estimate of the cumulative length distribution (hauteur). 4 Apparatus 4.1 Sealing unit. The unit comprises the following main parts and accessories: a) trough with sliver clamp; b) hand-grip for squaring sliver; c) sealing film; d) roll of plast
17、ic strip; e) punch for making a hole 23.8 mm from aligned ends of fibres; f) thermostatically controlled heating element3mm wide on welding arm. 4.2 Fibre diagram machine. The main parts and accessories are as follows: a) transparent recording table of overall width22.9 cm between edges; b) input pl
18、atform with velvet strip for tensioning fibre draw; c) R.F. bridge electrode system working into tuned amplifier giving linear output; d) optical system giving deflection or recording image proportional to mass of fibre between electrodes; e) tension clip of mass between 1.5 and 3 g; f) small brush
19、(seeFigure 1); g) recording paper graduated in millimetres horizontally and vertically from0.20 cm. A suitable machine is described in the Annex A. 5 Atmosphere for conditioning and testing The fibres shall be conditioned and the test shall be conducted in one of the standard atmospheres defined in
20、ISO139. 6 Test specimens 6.1 Number of specimens. Unless otherwise stated, prepare and test four specimens from one sample of sliver. 6.2 Squaring the sliver. Take a length of sliver about 150 cm in length with pulled ends. Remove the presser and sliver clamp from the trough, insert the doubled thic
21、kness of sliver in the sliver clamp near the fold and screw up. Replace the sliver clamp in the slots and dispose the two layers of sliver in the trough so that the pulled ends project about 1 cm over the front edge of the slide. Smooth down the sliver with the fingers and insert the presser at the
22、front of the trough. Take the hand-grip and use it to remove and discard successive 2 mm bands of fibre ends. Continue squaring until a short distance beyond the squaring line marked on the slide. 6.3 Preparing the draw. Rotate the trough control until the aligned fibre ends are opposite the red arr
23、ow on the right of the slide. Cut two19cm lengths of plastic strip and slide one strip under the squared end of sliver until the end is at the black line (i.e. the plastic strip projects 3mm under the fibre ends). Take the second plastic strip, place it over the first so that its end covers the squa
24、red end of sliver and is opposite the black line, then place the sealing film over the ends of the plastic strips. Move the welding arm down the slot so that the heating element presses on the sealing film. Keep up slight pressure for 10 to 15s, then raise the welding arm, allow about 30s to cool an
25、d peel back the sealing film from the plastic strip. Free the plastic strips from the slide and pull in line with the trough, then cut away the upper plastic strip about2cm from the aligned fibre ends. Place the sealed draw between the guide of the punch so that the aligned fibre ends, visible throu
26、gh the plastic strip, are opposite the index line, and depress the punch, thus making a hole23.8mm from the aligned fibre ends. Before preparing a second fibre draw from the same squared end of sliver, remove and discard about three bands of fibre ends.BS5182:1975 2 BSI 10-1999 6.4 Conditioning. Con
27、dition the prepared specimens before testing in the standard atmosphere specified in section 5, until they are in equilibrium with that atmosphere. If the test specimen is well opened out, conditioning for1h is generally sufficient to achieve a state of equilibrium. 7 Procedure Conduct all fibre mea
28、surements in the standard atmosphere specified in clause5. 7.1 Insert a sheet of recording paper between the curved plates of the recording table, switch on the recording light and rotate the left-hand knob until the V-point of the recording image is exactly on the line 10 mm from the zero of the pe
29、rcentage axis. 7.2 If necessary, move the galvo lever until the V-point of the recording image is on the length axis of the recording paper. Move the TEST/ZERO switch to ZERO and, whilst holding it in this position, rotate the SET/ZERO dial until the V-point of the recording image is on the length a
30、xis of the recording paper. 7.3 Release the TEST/ZERO switch to OFF position. 7.4 Insert the prepared specimen between the cover and velvet of the input platform so that the short plastic strip is uppermost. Move the plastic strip forward with the fingers until the leading edge of the strip enters t
31、he electrode guard and cannot be pushed further. 7.5 Rotate the right-hand knob, driving the specimen forward, and ensure that the short plastic strip does not catch as it enters the input platform. 7.6 When the end of plastic strip has nearly reached the end of the output slide, attach the tension
32、clip. Brush the exposed fibres on the input platform lightly towards the front. Rotate the right-hand knob and look through the front of the illuminated prism for the appearance of the index hole. Stop the rotation of the right-hand knob when the index hole lies exactly across the reference line. 7.
33、7 If the hole is inadvertently moved beyond the reference line, the specimen must be completely removed by rotating the right-hand knob, and re-inserted. 7.8 Switch the TEST/ZERO switch to TEST and rotate the SET MAX. dial until the V-point of the recording image is on the black line at 97%. With a
34、pencil, record the position of the V-point of the recording image. 7.9 Rotate the left-hand knob in steps of5mm and record the position of the V-point of the recording image until it is within2mm of the length axis. 7.10 Rotate the left-hand knob until the end of the longest fibre in the specimen is
35、 seen to be at the edge of the electrode guard. Record its position by making a mark through the longest-fibre hole with the pencil. 7.11 Move the ratchet lever forward and rotate the left-hand knob until the recording paper and specimen are released from the instrument. Move the TEST/ZERO switch to
36、 the OFF position ready for the next test. 8 Calculation and expression of results 8.1 For each specimen, draw a smooth curve through the marks on the recording paper and read off and record the length ordinates corresponding to5%, 15%, 25% .95% (ten values). Calculate the mean of the values and rec
37、ord this as the mean length (hauteur) for each specimen. Calculate the average hauteur for all specimens tested. 8.2 From the ten values of length recorded for each specimen, calculate the average and, using these, draw an average cumulative distribution to the same scale as that for individual spec
38、imens. 8.3 From the ten values of length X recorded in 8.2, calculate the coefficient of variation CV of hauteur using the formula 8.4 From the results of 8.1 and 8.3, calculate the average barbe as follows: CV %100 10CX 2 CX () 2 -1 = Average barbeaverage hauteur 1 CV 100 - 2 + =BS5182:1975 BSI 10-
39、1999 3 Figure 1 Sealing unit Figure 2 Plan view of diagram machineBS5182:1975 4 BSI 10-1999 Figure 3 Front face of diagram machineBS5182:1975 BSI 10-1999 5 Annex A Wira fibre diagram machine 1) A.1 Characteristics The principal features of this machine are the means for automatically giving an estim
40、ate of the cumulative length distribution (hauteur) in a draw of fibres, recorded graphically. The main parts and accessories are described in4.2. Figure 1, Figure 2 and Figure 3 illustrate the essential features. A.2 Setting up Switch on the mains switch of the apparatus. If the machine is to be us
41、ed intermittently throughout the day, the mains switch shall be left on, but the recording light switched off between tests to prolong the life of the lamp. The stabilization of the machine is complete after 15 min, and the heating up time of the sealing unit is 5 min. Ensure that the heater of the
42、sealing unit is set at3.5, at which setting it shall be left throughout use. A.3 Calibration The following calibration checks shall be carried out from time to time. A.3.1 Reference sliver. A well-gilled ball of sliver shall be retained for this test of mean length (hauteur) between 6 and 7 cm, the
43、cumulative distribution of which has been verified to give a smooth curve. The sliver is repeatedly tested, as described, by an experienced operator taking alternate test samples from the inside and outside of the ball, the average of (say) 20 draws is computed and an average distribution also drawn
44、, as described in7.2. This top is then used from time to time for verifying the accuracy both of the instrument and the technique of a new operator by comparing the test result (mean of four or more specimens) with the known value. A.3.2 Plastic test tape. This calibration checks the optical and ele
45、ctrical accuracy of the machine but not the preparation and presentation of the test specimen. The plastic test tape is cut from a sheet of uniform polyester film of approximate thickness 0.05 mm to the following dimensions: width 25 mm; length 300 mm; and with an isosceles triangle of height 175.0m
46、m cut at one end. A reference line is marked by light perforations exactly across the base of the triangle (i.e. 175.0mm from the apex of the triangle). The mean length of the tape has been established by feeding the test tape through the input platform, setting the perforated line to the reference
47、line seen through the prism and setting the V of the recording image to 100%. Record the distribution at5mm intervals as described in clause7 and calculate the mean length (hauteur), this being repeated four times and the average calculated. In use, the test tape shall give a mean value of length (f
48、our tests) within 1 mm of the established length. Care shall be taken to store the test tape in a clean and flat condition. NOTEA test tape may be obtained from Wira, Torridon, Headingley Lane, Leeds LS6 1BW, England. 1) The information given on this machine is not intended to favour its use or to g
49、ive preference to this apparatus. Other apparatus giving equivalent results may be used.BS 5182:1975 ISO2646:1974 BSI 389 Chiswick High Road London W4 4AL BSIBritishStandardsInstitution BSI is the independent national body responsible for preparing BritishStandards. It presents the UK view on standards in Europe and at the international level. It is incorporated by Royal Charter. Revisions BritishStandards are updated by amendment or revision. Users of BritishStandards should make sure that they possess the latest amend
