1、| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | BRITISH STANDARD BS 7953:1999 ICS 59.080.6
2、0 NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAW Entrance flooring systems Selection, installation and maintenanceThis British Standard, having been prepared under the direction of the Sector Committee for Materials and Chemicals, was published under the authority of the Stan
3、dards Committee and comes into effect on 15 June 1999 BSI 06-1999 The following BSI references relate to the work on this standard: Committee reference PRI/3 Draft for comment 98/121085 DC ISBN 0 580 28295 3 BS 7953:1999 Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. Date Comments Committees responsib
4、le for this British Standard The preparation of this British Standard was entrusted to Technical Committee PRI/3, Textile floor coverings, upon which the following bodies were represented: British Carpet Manufacturers Association Ltd. British Polyolefin Textiles Association British Shops and Stores
5、Association (BSSA) British Textile Technology Group Confederation of British Wool Textiles Limited Consumer Policy Committee of BSI Contract Flooring Association Entrance Flooring Systems Association Fibre Bonded Carpet Manufacturers Association Institute of Trading Standards Administration SGS Unit
6、ed Kingdom Ltd. Wools of New ZealandBS 7953:1999 BSI 06-1999 i Contents Page Foreword ii 1 Scope 1 2 Normative references 1 3 Terms and definitions 1 4 Functions 1 5 Materials 1 6 Design considerations 2 7 Pre-installation recommendations 3 8 Supply and installation 3 9 Cleaning 3 10 Maintenance 4 B
7、ibliography Inside back coverii BSI 06-1999 BS 7953:1999 Foreword This British Standard has been prepared by Technical Committee PRI/3, which has the responsibility to: aid enquirers to understand the text; deal with enquiries on the interpretation, or proposals for change. As a code of practice, th
8、is British Standard takes the form of guidance and recommendations. It should not be quoted as if it were a specification and particular care should be taken to ensure that claims of compliance are not misleading. A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contr
9、act. Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, pages i and ii, pages 1 to 4, an inside back cov
10、er and a back cover. BSI 06-1999 1 BS 7953:1999 1 Scope This British Standard describes types of interior and exterior entrance flooring systems, and gives recommendations for methods of selection, planning, installation and maintenance. 2 Normative references The following normative documents conta
11、in provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this British Standard. For dated references, subsequent amendments to, or revisions of, any of these publications do not apply. For undated references, the latest edition of the publication referred to applies. BS 5325, Co
12、de of practice for the installation of textile floor coverings. BS 5557, Textile floor coverings. Vocabulary. BS 8203, Code of practice for the installation of resilient floor coverings. BS 8204-1, Screeds, bases and in-situ floorings Part 1: Code of practice for concrete bases and screeds to receiv
13、e in-situ floorings. DD 240 (all parts), Fire safety engineering in buildings. 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this British Standard, the terms and definitions given in BS 5557 and the following apply. 3.1 entrance flooring system installation of flooring material(s) designed to reduce t
14、he ingress of soil into a building or to reduce the transfer of soil from one part of a building to another, for example between an engineering workshop and the administration areas 3.2 soil wet or dry extraneous material brought into the building on the feet of pedestrians, on wheels of vehicles, o
15、r blown in by the wind 3.3 Retaining systems 3.3.1 recessed well system specifically constructed to hold the entrance flooring system so that its surface is at the existing floor level 3.3.2 surface mounting system system for retaining an entrance flooring system on top of the existing floor level 3
16、.4 length distance measured in the direction of traffic flow NOTE The length as defined here can, in some instances, be shorter than the width. 3.5 width distance measured at right angles to the direction of traffic flow 3.6 depth thickness of the entrance flooring system material 4 Functions The ma
17、jority of the soil in a building originates from the shoe soles of people entering the building. Other sources are the wheels of vehicles, for example wheelchairs, and wind-borne soil. The amount of soil brought into a building varies according to the weather and external conditions, such as buildin
18、g work. The function of the entrance flooring system is to: reduce the incidence of slipping accidents by reducing the amount of soil and moisture tracked onto hard and resilient floors; prolong the life of interior floors by reducing the ingress of abrasive soil; reduce cleaning requirements of int
19、ernal floors by reducing the ingress of soil into the interior floors/floor coverings. To fulfil these functions an entrance flooring system should have the following qualities: removal and retention of soil; ease of cleaning and maintenance; retention of physical characteristics. 5 Materials 5.1 Ge
20、neral The range of entrance flooring materials available ensures that a suitable entrance flooring system can be selected for almost any location, both internal and external. The entrance flooring system should scrape, wipe and retain, making contact with both feet of people entering the building an
21、d, in the case of wheeled traffic, with the circumference of the wheels. If the area is large enough the entrance flooring system can incorporate materials that will perform these tasks separately. This applies to all situations, internal or external, where people move from a soiled to a clean envir
22、onment e.g. from a kitchen to a dining room or from a factory to an office.2 BSI 06-1999 BS 7953:1999 Types of entrance flooring system include, but are not restricted to: grilles; ribbed; impregnated; disposable; textile floor covering; leakage and spillage control products; random looped. 5.2 Surf
23、ace materials A wide variety of surface materials can be used separately or in various combinations. These include, but are not restricted to: natural fibres such as wool, cotton, and coir (coconut matting); man-made fibres such as polyamide (nylon), polypropylene, viscose and polyester; and other m
24、aterials such as natural and synthetic rubber, paper, polyvinyl chloride and other plastics. 5.3 Backing materials As with surface materials there are numerous options, although in some cases the entrance flooring system material may be reversible. The backing materials include, but are not restrict
25、ed to: synthetic and natural rubber, polyvinyl chloride, polyurethane and bitumen. 5.4 Retaining systems The retaining systems may be recessed or surface mounted. 5.5 Performance testing Currently there are no agreed comparative test methods for the assessment of soil removal and retention for entra
26、nce flooring systems. 6 Design considerations 6.1 Ease of access For an entrance flooring system installed in a new building or in a new extension to an existing building the design of the entrance should meet the requirements of Approved Document M of the Building Regulations 1991 (England and Wale
27、s) 1, Part T of the Building Standards (Scotland) Regulations 1990 2 or Part R of the Building Regulations (Northern Ireland) 1994 3. An entrance flooring system should not introduce any features which make access more difficult. Consideration should be given to users of wheelchairs, sticks or crutc
28、hes. The system should be designed without abrupt changes in level which could result in tripping accidents or impede wheeled traffic. 6.2 Effective length The objective with any entrance flooring system is to achieve the maximum number of footfalls within the space available. This can be a problem
29、as design parameters often result in areas which are too small for a conventional system to provide effective control of soil. This can require the use of an external system. In any case consideration should be given to such factors as external and internal conditions, traffic levels, size of entran
30、ce, use of building and type of internal floor coverings. 6.3 Traffic patterns The entrance flooring system should cover the actual routes of people entering the building. Modifications to the site layout should be considered in order to maximize the number of footfalls on the entrance flooring syst
31、em whilst ensuring ease of access. 6.4 Cleaning Careful consideration should be given to the most appropriate cleaning method(s) for the materials to be used and whether there is adequate cleaning equipment and staff to carry out the work. The higher the level of traffic, the more demands are put on
32、 the entrance flooring system and its cleaning requirements, to ensure the products effectiveness and aesthetic acceptability. 6.5 Electrical power points It is important to ensure that there are convenient electrical power points to carry out the proposed cleaning routine of the entrance flooring s
33、ystem. 6.6 Appearance Entrance flooring system materials are available in a wide range of colours and textures; logos can also be incorporated. Entrance flooring systems can enhance the area aesthetically as well as giving a cleaner, safer indoor environment. Any visual finish should be designed so
34、as not to confuse e.g. a floor surface which looks like a step or steps should be avoided. 6.7 Fire safety The fire properties of floor surfaces are not controlled by any national building regulations but local regulations may restrict their use in primary escape routes and certain constructions and
35、 transport regulations may restrict their use in vehicles. Reference should be made to DD 240, which gives guidance on the development of fire safety systems for the construction industry. BSI 06-1999 3 BS 7953:1999 7 Pre-installation recommendations 7.1 General There should be consultation between
36、all parties concerned with the installation, beginning at an early stage and continuing through to completion. Consideration should also be given to co-operation with contractors for the installation of the interior floors (see BS 5325 and BS 8203). Information to be exchanged should include that li
37、sted in 7.2,a s applicable. However, as each project is unique, other aspects not listed may need to be discussed. 7.2 Specifications The completed drawings and specifications should provide comprehensive information on: a) size and shape of proposed entrance flooring system; b) type of sub-floor co
38、nstruction; c) particulars of any under floor services; d) concrete base or screed curing and drying time required before installing the entrance flooring system; e) screed or base with finished floor level, permissible deviations from datum and degree of surface regularity; f) type of damp-proof me
39、mbrane and its location within the floor construction; g) choice of adhesives and accessories; h) direction of traffic; i) skirtings and abutments; j) ducts; k) junctions with other adjacent floorings; l) if a recessed well exists, dimensions including depth to assess suitability for the proposed pr
40、oduct; m) location and type of doors; n) clearance beneath doors o) use and type of security arrangements; p) cleaning and maintenance requirements; q) drainage considerations. 8 Supply and installation 8.1 Site information Details that should be considered include: a) location; b) ease of access; c
41、) whether any other work is being carried out at the same time; d) storage facilities; e) heating, lighting and power supply and any additional items considered necessary to expedite the work; f) the number and function of other contractors on site; g) the availability of hoists and lifts and their
42、maximum capacity; h) floor loading capacity; i) security arrangements. 8.2 Contract conditions Contract conditions should include: a) particulars of the form and type of contract; b) whether the work is to be completed in any specific order or in sections; c) safeguarding against damage and theft; d
43、) health and safety provisions; e) welfare facilities; f) insurance; g) timing and access agreements. 8.3 Testing Details of any conformity testing of the base, screed and associated support should be provided. BS 8204-1 gives detailed information on the preparation of screeds, and the general preca
44、utions necessary to provide a satisfactory sub-floor and eliminate construction moisture are given in BS 5325 and BS 8203. 8.4 Post-installation check The entrance flooring system should be installed according to the manufacturers recommendations and in accordance with the agreed specification for t
45、he work. 9 Cleaning 9.1 It is of vital importance to the satisfactory performance of any entrance flooring system that a thorough cleaning routine is carried out. A well-cleaned system will remove and retain soil. If cleaning is inadequate the entrance flooring will become saturated with soil and be
46、come a source of soil which is transferred into the building. 9.2 The customer should be left with full details of the cleaning required to enable the entrance flooring system to perform satisfactorily in use. The recommendations should include details of the various methods of cleaning required and
47、 the time scales at which they should be carried out. Such instructions should be in clear, written form and cover the recommended cleaning methods appropriate for all the types of entrance flooring systems installed.4 BSI 06-1999 BS 7953:1999 9.3 It is good practice for cleaning to begin in areas p
48、rior to the entrance flooring system such as walkways, car parks etc. which can often be a source of excessive soiling in a building. In addition, if an entrance flooring system becomes saturated with soil it will be difficult to clean. For these reasons regular, thorough cleaning in accordance with
49、 the manufacturers recommendations is essential. 9.4 The options with regard to cleaning vary according to the type of entrance flooring system, site conditions, and frequency and type of use. It is essential to discuss the cleaning of the entrance flooring system at an early stage with the supplier and the clients representative to ensure that they are cleaned with a frequency that matches the build-up of soiling in each particular location. 10 Maintenance The client should be left with full maintenance instructions including, but not re
