1、 g49g50g3g38g50g51g60g44g49g42g3g58g44g55g43g50g56g55g3g37g54g44g3g51g40g53g48g44g54g54g44g50g49g3g40g59g38g40g51g55g3g36g54g3g51g40g53g48g44g55g55g40g39g3g37g60g3g38g50g51g60g53g44g42g43g55g3g47g36g58natural durability of solid wood against wood-destroying fungi, test methods Part 2: Soft rotting m
2、icro-fungiICS 79.040Durability of wood and wood-based products Determination of the DRAFT FOR DEVELOPMENTDD CEN/TS 15083-2:2005DD CEN/TS 15083-2:2005This Draft for Development was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee and comes into effect on 14 November 2005 B
3、SI 14 November 2005ISBN 0 580 46604 3Subcommittee B/515/1, Preservative preconditioning and biological testing, at British Standards House, 389 Chiswick High Road, London W4 4AL, giving the document reference and clause number and proposing, where possible, an appropriate revision of the text.A list
4、 of organizations represented on this subcommittee can be obtained on request to its secretary. Cross-referencesThe British Standards which implement international or European publications referred to in this document may be found in the BSI Catalogue under the section entitled “International Standa
5、rds Correspondence Index”, or by using the “Search” facility of the BSI Electronic Catalogue or of British Standards Online.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application.Summary of pagesThis document compris
6、es a front cover, an inside front cover, the CEN/TS title page, pages 2 to 25 and a back cover.The BSI copyright date displayed in this document indicates when the document was last issued.Amendments issued since publicationAmd. No. Date Commentsthat UK experience can be reported to the European org
7、anization responsible for its conversion to a European standard. A review of this publication will be initiated 2 years after its publication by the European organization so that a decision can be taken on its status at the end of its 3-year life. Notification of the start of the review period will
8、be made in an announcement in the appropriate issue of Update Standards.According to the replies received by the end of the review period, the responsible BSI Committee will decide whether to support the conversion into a European Standard, to extend the life of the Technical Specification or to wit
9、hdraw it. Comments should be sent in writing to the Secretary of BSI National forewordThis Draft for Development is the official English language version of CEN/TS 15083-2:2005.This publication is not to be regarded as a British Standard. It is being issued in the Draft for Development series of pub
10、lications and is of a provisional nature because the Technical Committee wants to assess its usefulness. It should be applied on this provisional basis, so that information and experience of its practical application may be obtained. Comments arising from the use of this Draft for Development are re
11、quested so TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONSPCIFICATION TECHNIQUETECHNISCHE SPEZIFIKATIONCEN/TS 15083-2July 2005ICS 79.040English VersionDurability of wood and wood-based products - Determination ofthe natural durability of solid wood against wood-destroyingfungi, test methods - Part 2: Soft rotting micro-fu
12、ngiDurabilit du bois et des matriaux drivs - Dterminationde la durabilit naturelle du bois massif vis-vis deschampignons lignivores, mthodes dessai - Partie 2:Micro-organismes de pourriture molleDauerhaftigkeit von Holz und Holzprodukten - Bestimmungder natrlichen Dauerhaftigkeit von Vollholz gegenh
13、olzzerstrende Pilze, Prfverfahren - Teil 2:ModerfulepilzeThis Technical Specification (CEN/TS) was approved by CEN on 1 March 2005 for provisional application.The period of validity of this CEN/TS is limited initially to three years. After two years the members of CEN will be requested to submit the
14、ircomments, particularly on the question whether the CEN/TS can be converted into a European Standard.CEN members are required to announce the existence of this CEN/TS in the same way as for an EN and to make the CEN/TS availablepromptly at national level in an appropriate form. It is permissible to
15、 keep conflicting national standards in force (in parallel to the CEN/TS)until the final decision about the possible conversion of the CEN/TS into an EN is reached.CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France,Germany, Gr
16、eece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia,Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATIONCOMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATIONEUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNGManagement Centre: r
17、ue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels 2005 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reservedworldwide for CEN national Members.Ref. No. CEN/TS 15083-2:2005: E2 Contents Page Foreword 3 Introduction4 1 Scope .5 2 Normative references .5 3 Terms and definitions.5 4 Principle.5 5 Test m
18、aterials and apparatus.5 6 Test specimens .7 7 Procedure 8 8 Calculation of x-value .11 9 Test report .12 Annex A (informative) Guidance on sampling14 Annex B (informative) Determination of water holding capacity 15 Annex C (informative) Rapid soil virulence test.17 Annex D (informative) Diagnostic
19、microscopy of exposed samples18 Annex E (informative) Assessment of results21 Annex F (informative) Example of a test report for a softwood timber 22 Bibliography.25 DD CEN/TS 15083-2:20053 Foreword This document (CEN/TS 15083-2:2005) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 38 “Durability of
20、 wood and wood-based products”, the secretariat of which is held by AFNOR. This document consists of two parts, Part 1 determines the natural durability of solid wood against wood destroying basidiomycetes fungi and Part 2 against soft rotting micro-fungi. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regul
21、ations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to announce this CEN Technical Specification: Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Nether
22、lands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. DD CEN/TS 15083-2:20054 Introduction This CEN Technical Specification describes a laboratory method of test which gives a basis for the assessment of the natural durability of a sample of timber a
23、gainst micro-fungi (ascomycetes and fungi imperfecti) which cause soft rot of wood in service. The infection source is the natural micro-flora of the soil substrate which can also contain other micro-organisms, such as bacteria, and other fungi such as moulds and basidiomycetes. These other organism
24、s can influence the development of soft rot attack in the test specimens. The natural durability of a species of timber can vary depending on the conditions of growth such as climate and soil type. For this reason, the durability established using the method described in this CEN Technical Specifica
25、tion will relate only to the sample of timber tested. Guidance on sampling is given in Annex A. This laboratory method provides one criterion by which the durability of the timber can be assessed. It is recommended that this information be supplemented by data from other relevant tests, for example
26、CEN/TS 15083-1, and above all by practical experience. The procedures described in this CEN Technical Specification are intended to be carried out by suitably trained and/or supervised specialists. DD CEN/TS 15083-2:20055 1 Scope This CEN Technical Specification specifies a method of test for determ
27、ining the natural durability of a timber against soft rotting micro-fungi. The method is applicable to all timber species. NOTE This method may be used in conjunction with an ageing procedure, for example EN 73 or EN 84. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for
28、 the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN 84, Wood preservatives Accelerated ageing tests of treated wood prior to biological testing Leaching p
29、rocedure EN ISO 3696, Water for analytical laboratory use Specification and test methods (ISO 3696:1987) 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1 supplier sponsor of the test (person or company providing the sample of timber to be test
30、ed) 4 Principle Test specimens prepared from the timber under test and reference timber test specimens are exposed to attack by soft rotting micro-fungi. After a prescribed period of incubation under defined conditions, the percentage loss in dry mass of the test specimens is used to estimate the re
31、sistance of hardwood test timbers to attack by the test fungi and as the basis of a provisional durability rating. For softwood test timbers, the percentage loss in dry mass is recorded but the provisional durability rating is based on the loss of modulus of elasticity. 5 Test materials and apparatu
32、s 5.1 Biological material 5.1.1 Soil Natural top soil or a fertile loam-based horticultural soil 1)of pH 6 to pH 8 and not containing added agrochemical. It shall have a water holding capacity (WHC) of between 25 % and 60 %. NOTE 1 A suitable method for determining WHC is described in Annex B. 1)A h
33、orticultural soil of the John Innes No. 2 type and with the following composition has been found to be suitable; seven parts by volume loam, three parts by volume sphagnum peat, two parts by volume sharp sand plus 0,6 g chalk and 6,0 g slow release fertilizer per litre of soil mixture. If the WHC is
34、 too high, it can be lowered by modifying the soil with the addition of sand. DD CEN/TS 15083-2:20056 If a natural soil is used, it shall have the turf or top 50 mm removed and shall not be taken from a depth below 200 mm from the original surface. It shall be passed through a sieve of nominal apert
35、ure size 12,5 mm. If it is necessary to store the soil prior to use, it shall be stored in closed moisture proof containers. Before use, thoroughly mix the sample of soil. NOTE 2 The soil should only be collected in a moist condition. If a horticultural soil is used which is sterilised during its pr
36、eparation, then 20 % of a natural soil, prepared as above, shall be added and the soils thoroughly mixed prior to the start of the test. The soil shall be used only once. NOTE 3 If assurance of the virulence of the soil is required, the test procedure using cotton cloth described in Annex C, or a si
37、milar standardised procedure, may be used. 5.1.2 Reference timbers 5.1.2.1 Species The following species of wood shall be used for the tests: Scots pine sapwood (Pinus sylvestris Linnaeus) for tests with softwoods. beech (Fagus sylvatica Linnaeus) for tests with hardwoods and softwoods. 5.1.2.2 Wood
38、 quality The wood shall be free from cracks, stain, decay, insect damage or other defects. The wood shall not have been water-stored, floated, chemically treated or steamed. NOTE Wood that has been kiln dried at temperatures below 60 C may be used. The Scots pine shall be exclusively sapwood contain
39、ing little resin and having between 2,5 and 8 annual growth rings per 10 mm. The proportion of latewood in the annual rings shall not exceed 30 % of the whole. The beech shall be even-grained, free from tyloses and discoloration. It shall have between 2 and 6 annual growth rings per 10 mm. 5.1.2.3 P
40、rovision of reference timber test specimens Condition the wood to a mass fraction of (12 2) % moisture content. Prepare planed strips having a cross-section of (10 0,1) mm (5 0,1) mm. The longitudinal faces shall be parallel to the direction of the grain. The annual rings shall have a contact angle
41、of (90 15) to the broad faces. Make transverse cuts, neatly to give sharp edges and a fine-sawn finish to the end-grain surfaces, to give reference timber test specimens (100 1) mm long. The test specimens shall originate from a minimum of three trees or shall be taken from a stock originally of mor
42、e than 500 test specimens. NOTE 1 A moisture meter of the two-pronged electrical conductivity type is suitable for assessing moisture content. NOTE 2 A moisture content of mass fraction (12 2) % can be achieved in the conditions provided by the conditioning chamber (5.2.1). DD CEN/TS 15083-2:20057 5
43、.1.2.4 Dimensions and density of reference timber test specimens The dimensions of each reference timber test specimen at a mass fraction of (12 2) % moisture content shall be (100 1) mm (10 0,1) mm (5 0,1) mm. In a batch of test specimens, the density of an individual is permitted to differ from th
44、e mean value of the batch by 10 %. 5.1.2.5 Number and distribution of reference timber test specimens For softwoods use at least 30 reference timber test specimens but a minimum of three per test container. NOTE Both Scots pine sapwood and beech reference timber test specimens should be used in test
45、s with softwoods. For hardwoods, the test specimens represent three sets of 10 replicates which can be assessed after different exposure periods (see 7.5.1). Mark each test specimen so that it can be identified throughout the test. 5.2 Material Water, complying with grade 3 of EN ISO 3696. 5.3 Appar
46、atus 5.3.1 Conditioning chamber, well ventilated and controlled at (20 2) C and (65 5) % relative humidity. 5.3.2 Drying oven, capable of being controlled at (103 2) C. 5.3.3 Desiccators, with efficient desiccant (silica gel for example). 5.3.4 Test containers, made of material which does not have a
47、 toxic effect on the soil inhabiting micro-organisms and provided with a ventilated lid. The depth shall be at least 150 mm, so as to provide at least 30 mm below the test specimens when inserted in the soil to a depth of 80 mm and adequate clearance above the top of the protruding parts of the test
48、 specimens. 5.3.5 Culture chamber, (incubator or room) dark and controlled at (27 2) C and (70 5) % relative humidity. 5.3.6 Ordinary laboratory equipment, including a balance accurate to 0,001 g. 6 Test specimens 6.1 Species and source of wood Ensure that the species of each plank or log to be test
49、ed has been identified correctly and record both the botanical and the trade name. Obtain as much information as possible on the origin and history of the sample (see Clause 9). The sample of timber shall be free from penetrating wood preservative treatments, for example boron-based anti-stain products. NOTE 1 Commercial samples of timber may contain more than one botanical species. NOTE 2 Guidance on sampling is given in Annex A. DD CEN/TS 15083-2:20058 6.2 Wood quality Record
