1、BRITISH STANDARD BS EN 1237:1995 Fertilizers Determination of bulk density (tapped) The European Standard EN1237:1995 has the status of a British Standard ICS65.080BSEN1237:1995 This British Standard, having been prepared under the directionof the Sector Board forMaterials and Chemicals, waspublishe
2、d under the authorityof the Standards Boardand comes into effect on 15 December1995 BSI11-1999 The following BSI references relate to the work on this standard: Committee referenceCII/37 Draft for comment94/503972DC ISBN 0 580 24906 9 Committees responsible for this British Standard The preparation
3、of this British Standard was entrusted to Technical Committee CII/37, Fertilizers and related chemicals, upon which the following bodies were represented: Association of Public Analysts British Aggregate Construction Materials Industries British Coal Corporation Chemical Industries Association Consu
4、mers Association Department of Trade and Industry (Laboratory of the Government Chemist) Fertiliser Manufacturers Association Ltd. Horticultural Trades Association Institute of Trading Standards Administration Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food Water Services Association of England and Wale
5、s Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. Date CommentsBSEN1237:1995 BSI 11-1999 i Contents Page Committees responsible Inside front cover National foreword ii Foreword 2 Introduction 3 1 Scope 3 2 Normative references 3 3 Definition 3 4 Preparation of test sample 3 5 Method Machine-tapping met
6、hod 3 6 Expression of results 4 7 Test report 4 Annex ZA (informative) Bibliography 6 Figure 1 Apparatus for the determination of bulk density (tapped) by machine tapping 5 List of references Inside back coverBSEN1237:1995 ii BSI 11-1999 National foreword This British Standard has been prepared by T
7、echnical Committee CII/37 and is the English language version of EN1237:1995 Fertilizers Determination of bulk density (tapped) published by the European Committee for Standardization (CEN). It supersedes BS5551-3.2:1993, which is now withdrawn. It was derived by CEN from ISO5311:1992 published by t
8、he International Organization for Standardization (ISO). A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from leg
9、al obligations. Cross reference Publication referred to Corresponding British Standard ISO3944:1992 BS EN1236:1995 Fertilizers Determination of bulk density (loose) Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, pagesi andii, theEN title page, pages2 to6, an inside ba
10、ck cover and a back cover. This standard has been updated (see copyright date) and may have had amendments incorporated. This will be indicated in the amendment table on the inside front cover.EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN1237 June1995 ICS65.080 Descriptors: Fertilizers, tests
11、, determination,bulk density, density measurement English version Fertilizers Determination of bulk density (tapped) (ISO5311:1992 modified) Engrais Dtermination de la masse volumique aprs tassement (ISO5311:1992 modifie) Dngemittel Bestimmung der Rtteldichte (ISO5311:1992 modifiziert) This European
12、 Standard was approved by CEN on1994-12-04. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning
13、such national standards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own langua
14、ge and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and Un
15、itedKingdom. CEN European Committee for Standardization Comit Europen de Normalisation Europisches Komitee fr Normung Central Secretariat: rue de Stassart 36, B-1050 Brussels 1995 All rights of reproduction and communication in any form and by any means reserved in all countries to CEN and its membe
16、rs Ref. No. EN1237:1995 EEN1237:1995 BSI 11-1999 2 Foreword The text of the International Standard from ISO/TC134 Fertilizers and soil conditioners, of the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) has been taken over as a European Standard by Technical Committee CEN/TC260, Fertilizers an
17、d liming materials. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by December1995, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by December1995. According to the CEN/CENELEC
18、Internal Regulations, the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the UnitedKingdom. Endorsement notice The text
19、of the International Standard ISO5311:1992 was approved by CEN as a European Standard with agreed common modifications as given below. This European Standard is based on ISO5311:1992. Whereas the scope of ISO5311 covers two methods: the machine-tapping method (method1) the hand-tapping method (metho
20、d2). The scope of this European Standard comprises the text of ISO5311:1992 amended by the deletion of the hand-tapping method (method2, clause6) and the following minor amendments: in clause1 Scope of ISO5311, the applicability is limited to dry fertilizers only. This requirement has been amended t
21、o free-flowing fertilizers. Furthermore, a limit for particles exceeding5mm in diameter has been set at20%; the bulk density (tapped) is expressed in grams per cubic centimetre(g/cm 3 ) in ISO5311; in this European Standard it is expressed in kilograms per cubic metre(kg/m 3 ); the normative referen
22、ces to International Standards ISO7742:1988 and ISO8358:1991 concerning methods of sampling and sample preparation have been deleted and the method used has to be indicated in the test report; an informative Annex ZA Bibliography has been added. The common modifications have been inserted in the tex
23、t of the reference document and are indicated by a sideline in the margin.EN1237:1995 BSI 11-1999 3 Introduction The bulk densities (loose and tapped) of a fertilizer provide information relative to the required size of packaging materials, store-houses, stock-rooms,etc.Generally, the bulk density (
24、tapped) is up to10% greater than the bulk density (loose), and sometimes it may exceed this value. Both bulk densities depend on the actual density, surface form and particle size of the fertilizers. The bulk density (loose) can be used to calculate the maximum volume of a given weight of fertilizer
25、 which may be expected in practice. The actual volume occupied by a given weight of fertilizer will normally be within the range calculated from the bulk density (loose) and the bulk density (tapped). 1 Scope This International Standard specifies a method for the determination of the bulk density (t
26、apped) of solid fertilizers, except powder fertilizers. The method is applicable to free-flowing fertilizers. The method is not suitable for materials which contain more than20% by mass of particles exceeding5mm in diameter. Annex ZA lists the bibliography. 2 Normative references The following stand
27、ards contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this International Standard. At the time of publication, the editions indicated were valid. All standards are subject to revision, and parties to agreements based on this International Standard are encouraged to
28、investigate the possibility of applying the most recent editions of the standards indicated below. Members of IEC and ISO maintain registers of currently valid International Standards. ISO3944:1992, Fertilizers Determination of bulk density (loose) 1) . 3 Definition For the purposes of this Internat
29、ional Standard, the following definition applies. 3.1 bulk density (tapped) of a fertilizer the mass per volume of a material tipped into a container and then compacted under clearly specified conditions the bulk density (tapped) is expressed in kilograms per cubic metre(kg/m 3 ) 4 Preparation of te
30、st sample Prepare the test sample by appropriate methods, ensuring that the sample is sufficient to carry out two separate determinations. 5 Method Machine-tapping method 5.1 Principle Pouring of the fertilizer from a specified funnel into a specified measuring cylinder of known volume, tapping by m
31、eans of a tapping machine, and weighing of the contents of the cylinder. 5.2 Apparatus 5.2.1 Balance, capable of weighing to the nearest1g. 5.2.2 Apparatus for determination of bulk density (loose), according to ISO3944, with a collar of transparent plastic and a measuring-cylinder holder with guide
32、 clamp(seeFigure 1). 5.2.3 Tapping machine, having a camshaft the cams of which lift the guide clamp, measuring-cylinder holder and measuring cylinder once per revolution. The rotational frequency of the camshaft shall be(250 15) revolutionsmin 1 (SeeFigure 1.) 5.2.4 Spatula, approximately120mm 20mm
33、, or other suitable scraper. 5.3 Procedure Pour into the closed funnel of the apparatus(5.2.2) a quantity of the fertilizer greater than that needed to fill the measuring cylinder. Fully open the slide of the funnel so that the contents discharge into the measuring cylinder in6s to12s. If the fertil
34、izer does not flow freely, keep the outlet clear by inserting a rod of3mm to4mm diameter into the opening. Remove the measuring cylinder from its holder, slip on the plastic collar and add by hand a quantity of fertilizer such that, after tapping, the fertilizer still remains several centimetres abo
35、ve the top of the measuring cylinder. Place the measuring cylinder firmly in its holder in the tapping machine, and tap2500times. Remove the measuring cylinder from the tapping machine, remove the collar, and scrape away the surplus fertilizer heaped on the measuring cylinder by means of the spatula
36、(5.2.4). Weigh the contents of the measuring cylinder to the nearest1g of the total mass. 1) Technically identical with EN1236.EN1237:1995 4 BSI 11-1999 Carry out two determinations, in rapid succession, on separate test portions taken from the same test sample. 6 Expression of results 6.1 Method of
37、 calculation and formula The bulk density (tapped), t , of the fertilizer is given, in kilograms per cubic metre, by the equation 6.2 Repeatability The difference between the results of two determinations, carried out in rapid succession by the same operator using the same apparatus, shall not excee
38、d10kg/m 3 . 7 Test report The test report shall include the following particulars: a) identification of the sample; b) reference to the method used; c) the result and the method of expression; d) any unusual features noted during the determination; e) any operation not included in this International
39、 Standard or regarded as optional; f) methods of sampling and sample preparation. where m is the mass, in kilograms, of the test portion; V is the volume up to the brim, in cubic metres, of the measuring cylinder. t m V - =EN1237:1995 BSI 11-1999 5 Figure 1 Apparatus for the determination of bulk de
40、nsity (tapped) by machine tappingEN1237:1995 6 BSI 11-1999 Annex ZA (informative) Bibliography ISO3944:1992, Fertilizers Determination of bulk density (loose). ISO3963:1977, Fertilizers Sampling from a conveyor by stopping the belt. ISO7410:1983, Fertilizers and soil conditioners Final samples Pract
41、ical arrangements. ISO7742:1988, Solid fertilizers Reduction of samples. ISO8358:1991, Solid fertilizers Preparation of samples for chemical and physical analysis. EN1236, Fertilizers Determination of bulk density (loose). Pr EN1482, Sampling of solid fertilizers. BSEN1237:1995 BSI 11-1999 List of r
42、eferences See national foreword.BS EN 1237:1995 BSI 389 Chiswick High Road London W4 4AL BSIBritishStandardsInstitution BSI is the independent national body responsible for preparing BritishStandards. It presents the UK view on standards in Europe and at the international level. It is incorporated b
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