1、BRITISH STANDARD BS EN 637:1995 BS2782-12: Method 1205A: 1995 Plastics piping systems Glass-reinforced plastics components Determination of the amounts of constituents using the gravimetric method The European Standard EN637:1994 has the status of a BritishStandard UDC 621.643.2-0.36:620.1:543.21BSE
2、N637:1995 This BritishStandard, having been prepared under the directionof the Sector Board forMaterials and Chemicals, waspublished under the authorityof the Standards Boardand comes into effect on 15July1995 BSI01-2000 The following BSI references relate to the work on this standard: Committee ref
3、erence PRI/61 Draft for comment92/37652 DC ISBN 0 580 24132 7 Committees responsible for this BritishStandard The preparation of this BritishStandard was entrusted to Technical Committee PRI/61, Plastics piping systems and components, upon which the following bodies were represented: British Gas plc
4、 British Plastics Federation British Plumbing Fittings Manufacturers Association British Valve and Actuator Manufacturers Association Department of the Environment (British Board of Agrment) Department of the Environment (Building Research Establishment) Department of the Environment (Property and B
5、uildings Directorate) Department of Transport Electricity Association Federation of Civil Engineering Contractors Health and Safety Executive Institute of Building Control Institute of Materials Institution of Civil Engineers Institution of Gas Engineers Institution of Water and Environmental Manage
6、ment National Association of Plumbing, Heating and Mechanical Services Contractors Pipeline Industries Guild Plastics Land Drainage Manufacturers Association Society of British Gas Industries Society of British Water Industries Water Companies Association Water Services Association of England and Wa
7、les The following bodies were also represented in the drafting of the standard, through subcommittees and panels: Association of Consulting Engineers Engineering Equipment and Materials Users Association Institution of Civil Engineers RAPRA Technology Ltd. Water Research Centre Amendments issued sin
8、ce publication Amd. No. Date CommentsBSEN637:1995 BSI 01-2000 i Contents Page Committees responsible Inside front cover National foreword ii Foreword 2 1 Scope 3 2 Principle 3 3 Apparatus 3 4 Test piece 3 5 Procedure 3 6 Calculation and expression of results 4 7 Test report 4BSEN637:1995 ii BSI 01-2
9、000 National foreword This BritishStandard has been prepared under the direction of the Sector Board for Materials and Chemicals and is the English language version of EN637:1994 Plastics piping systems Glass-reinforced plastics components Determination of the amounts of constituents using the gravi
10、metric method, published by the European Committee for Standardization (CEN). It is incorporated into BS2782 Methods of testing plastics Part12 Reinforced plastics pipes, fittings and valves, as Method1205A:1995, for association with related test methods for plastics materials and plastics piping co
11、mponents. This test method has been prepared for reference by other standards under preparation by CEN for specification of reinforced plastics piping systems and components. It has been implemented to enable experience of the method to be gained and for use for other fresh applications. It is also
12、for use for the revision or amendment of other national standards as practicable, but it should not be presumed to apply to any existing standard or specification which contains or makes reference to a different test method until that standard/specification has been amended or revised to make refere
13、nce to this method and adjust any requirements as appropriate. A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity fr
14、om legal obligations. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, pagesi andii, theEN title page, pages2 to5 and a back cover. This standard has been updated (see copyright date) and may have had amendments incorporated. This will be indicated in the amendment tabl
15、e on the inside front cover.EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN637 April1994 UDC 621.643.2-036:620.1:543.21 Incorporates corrigendum January1995 Descriptors: Pipelines, piping, plastic tubes, thermosetting resin, reinforced plastics, glass, components, determination of content, grav
16、imetric analysis English version Plastics piping systems Glass-reinforced plastics components Determination of the amounts of constituents using the gravimetric method Systmes de canalisations en plastique Composants plastiques renforcs de verre Dtermination des teneurs des constituants par la mthod
17、e gravimtrique Kunststoff-Rohrleitungssysteme Teile aus glasfaserverstrkten Kunststoffen Ermittlung der Gehalte von Bestandteilen mit Hilfe des gravimetrischen Verfahrens This European Standard was approved by CEN on1994-04-27. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulation
18、s which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CEN member. This Europea
19、n Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the nationa
20、l standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and UnitedKingdom. CEN European Committee for Standardization Comit Europen de Normalisation Europisches Komitee fr Normun
21、g Central Secretariat: rue de Stassart 36, B-1050 Brussels 1994 Copyright reserved to CEN members Ref. No. EN637:1994EEN637:1994 BSI 01-2000 2 Foreword This standard was prepared by CEN/TC155, Plastics piping systems and ducting systems. This standard is a modification of the Draft International Sta
22、ndard ISO/DIS7510 Pipes and fittings of glass-fibre reinforced thermosetting plastics (GRP) Analysis of constituents Gravimetric method, prepared by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO). The modifications are of an editorial nature. The material-dependent parameters and requireme
23、nts are incorporated in the referring standard(s). No existing European Standard is superseded by this standard. This standard is one of a series of standards on test methods which support system standards for plastics piping systems and ducting systems. This standard shall be given the status of a
24、national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by October1994, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by October1994. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the following countries are bound to implement this st
25、andard: Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, UnitedKingdom.EN637:1994 BSI 01-2000 3 1 Scope This standard specifies a method for the determination of constituent materials of a test sample
26、cut from a glass-reinforced plastics (GRP) component intended for use in a piping system. It includes determination of resin, glass, aggregate and filler contents, and determination of the type and arrangement of the constituent glass layers. Two burning temperatures are given, related to the stabil
27、ity of the glass reinforcement at elevated temperatures. Application to other composite components should be considered in the referring standard. 2 Principle A test piece of known size and mass is heated to burn off the resin, and the residue is analysed by separating and weighing the constituents.
28、 NOTE 1In the case of filled laminates, especially those containing fillers of small particle size (including thixotropic agents), accurate analysis of the constituents may prove difficult. This is because of the difficulty in separating such fillers from the other constituents and the risk of some
29、filler being lost during combustion. NOTE 2It is assumed that the following test parameters are set by the standard making reference to this standard: a) whether or not the types of glass reinforcement are to be separated seeitem c) of5.6 and item h) of clause7; b) details of the grammage and/or pre
30、sence of synthetic fibre veil, if known (see5.8 and6.6); c) whether or not the glass content of each layer is to be determined (see6.2); d) whether or not the filler content is to be determined (see6.5). 3 Apparatus 3.1 Crucible, of a suitable material and dimensions (see4.1). 3.2 Oven, capable of m
31、aintaining a temperature of105 C to110 C. 3.3 Electric muffle furnace, or microwave furnace, capable of maintaining a temperature between450 C and650 C with an accuracy of 20 C. 3.4 Bunsen burner 3.5 Desiccator 3.6 Balance, accurate to1mg. 3.7 Sieves, of suitable mesh see5.6 b). 4 Test piece 4.1 Dim
32、ensions The dimensions of the test piece shall be in accordance with the manufacturers recommendations but not less than60mm by40mm in area and shall be the full thickness of the component from which the test piece was taken. It shall be cut square, have smooth edges and be free from dust. 4.2 Numbe
33、r The number of test pieces shall be as specified in the referring standard. 5 Procedure NOTEConditioning of the test piece is not required. 5.1 Measure the axial and circumferential dimensions of the test piece to the nearest0,1mm. Calculate and record the areaA, in square metres. 5.2 Heat the cruc
34、ible in the furnace to(625 20) C for15min. Cool in the desiccator and weigh to the nearest10mg. Record the mass, ingrams, as m 1 . 5.3 If a test piece is derived from a component within36h of manufacture, the following drying procedure may be omitted (in which case proceed to5.4), otherwise dry the
35、test piece as follows. Heat the crucible and test piece in the oven to between105 C to110 C for2h. Cool the crucible and test piece in the desiccator and weigh to the nearest10mg. Repeat the heating for periods of30min until the mass is constant to within10mg. Record this total mass,m 2 , ingrams. 5
36、.4 Heat the crucible and test piece in a bunsen flame, a muffle or microwave furnace until the contents ignite. Maintain the temperature so that the test piece burns uniformly. Take care to prevent the combustion proceeding so rapidly that there is a loss of non-combustible residue, such as filler.
37、CAUTION. Avoid breathing the potentially noxious vapours. 5.5 Heat the crucible and residue in the muffle or microwave furnace at(625 20) C, or, if the reinforcement is unstable at625 C, at(550 20) C until all carbonaceous material has disappeared. Cool the crucible and residue in the desiccator and
38、 weigh these to the nearest10mg. Repeat these operations until a mass constant to within10mg is obtained. Record the total mass m 3 , ingrams. NOTEThe time taken for the carbonaceous residue to disappear is largely dependent on the test piece shape. It can be6h or more, but is usually much less.EN63
39、7:1994 4 BSI 01-2000 5.6 Separate off the residue m 3into its constituents as follows: a) separate the layers using tweezers or a spatula, noting the number of layers and their layout; b) for each layer, separate its constituents by scraping, shaking, brushing and/or sieving; NOTEIf the quantity of
40、filler is to be determined then suitable analytical techniques should be employed to separate the filler from the other residue. c) if required, separate the various types of glass reinforcement. 5.7 Determine the masses of the constituents as follows: a) weigh the aggregate to the nearest10mg and r
41、ecord the mass m 4 , ingrams; b) to the nearest10mg, weigh and record the total mass of glass, m 5t , ingrams, and, if required, weigh to the nearest10mg the various types of glass and record the corresponding masses as m 5a , m 5b , etc., ingrams; c) weigh the filler to the nearest10mg and record t
42、he mass m 6 , ingrams. 5.8 If the presence and grammage of any synthetic fibre veil included in the construction of the laminate is known or can be determined, estimate its mass, ingrams, from the area of the test piece and the mass per unit area of the veil used. Record the estimated mass m 7 , ing
43、rams. 6 Calculation and expression of results 6.1 Calculate the total glass content, G,t , expressed as a percentage by mass, using the following equation: 6.2 If required, calculate the glass content of each individual layer, G,a , G,b , G,c , ., expressed as a percentage by mass, using the applica
44、ble equation from the following series: 6.3 Calculate the resin content, R , expressed as a percentage by mass, using the following equation: NOTEThe determined mass of resin will include any glass sizing removed during combustion. 6.4 Calculate the aggregate content, A , expressed as a percentage b
45、y mass, using the following equation: 6.5 If required, calculate the filler content, F , expressed as a percentage by mass, using the following equation: 6.6 Calculate the estimated synthetic veil content (see5.8), v , expressed as a percentage by mass, using the following equation: 6.7 Calculate th
46、e total mass of glass, m G,t , in grams per square metre, of the laminate using the following equation: 6.8 If required, calculate the individual masses of glass, m G,a , m G,b , m G,c , ., ingrams per square metre, of each individual layer of the laminate using the applicable equation from the foll
47、owing series: 7 Test report The test report shall include the following information: a) a reference to this standard and the referring standard; b) the identification of the component tested; c) the dimensions of each test piece; d) the test temperatures (see5.5); e) whether preliminary drying (see5
48、.2) was carried out; f) the percentage by mass of the constituents of the laminate; g) the total mass of glass, m G,t , of the laminate, ingrams per square metre; h) if required, the number of layers, and the type, disposition, layout and individual percentage by mass of each individual glass layer;
49、EN637:1994 BSI 01-2000 5 i) observations with regard to any irregularities noted during the test such as excessively rapid combustion (see5.4) or glass instability (see5.5); j) any factors which may have affected the results, such as any incidents or any operating details not specified in this standard; k) the date of test.BS EN 637:1995 BS2782-12: Method 1205A: 1995 BSI 389 Chiswick High Road London W4 4AL BSIBritishStandardsInstitution BSI is the independent national body responsible for preparing BritishStan
