1、| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | BRITISH STANDARD BS EN 12109:1999 The Euro
2、pean Standard EN 12109:1999 has the status of a British Standard ICS 91.140.80 NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAW Vacuum drainage systems inside buildingsThis British Standard, having been prepared under the direction of the Sector Committee for Building and Civil
3、 Engineering, was published under the authority of the Standards Committee and comes into effect on 15 September 1999 BSI 09-1999 ISBN 0 580 32622 5 BS EN 12109:1999 Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. Date Comments National foreword This British Standard is the English language version of
4、EN 12109:1999. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted by Technical Committee B/505, Wastewater engineering, to Subcommittee B/505/21, Roof drainage and sanitary pipework, which has the responsibility to: aid enquirers to understand the text; present to the responsible European committ
5、ee any enquiries on the interpretation, or proposals for change, and keep the UK interests informed; monitor related international and European developments and promulgate them in the UK. A list of organizations represented on this subcommittee can be obtained on request to its secretary. Cross-refe
6、rences The British Standards which implement international or European publications referred to in this document may be found in the BSI Standards Catalogue under the section entitled “International Standards Correspondence Index”, or by using the “Find” facility of the BSI Standards Electronic Cata
7、logue. A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. Summary of pages This document com
8、prises a front cover, an inside front cover, the EN title page, pages 2 to 31 and a back cover. The BSI copyright notice displayed in this document indicates when the document was last issued.EUROPEAN STANDARD EN 12109 NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM April 1999 ICS 91.140.80 English version Vacuum d
9、rainage systems inside buildings Rseau dvacuation sous vide lintrieur des btiments Unterdruckentwsserungssysteme innerhalb von Gebuden This European Standard was approved by CEN on 3 March 1999. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions
10、for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three offici
11、al versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Be
12、lgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. CEN European Committee for Standardization Comit Europen de Normalisation Europisches Komitee fr Normung Central Secret
13、ariat: rue de Stassart 36, B-1050 Brussels 1999 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 12109:1999 EPage 2 EN 12109:1999 BSI 09-1999 Contents Page Foreword 3 Introduction 3 1 Scope 4 2 Normative references 4 3 Definitions 4
14、 4 System description 7 5 Principal design factors 7 5.1 General 7 5.2 Health and safety 8 5.3 Availability 8 5.4 Reliability 9 5.5 Maintainability 9 5.6 Noise and odour control 9 5.7 Energy economy 10 5.8 Fire resistance 10 6 Performance 10 6.1 Wastewater discharge 10 6.2 Vacuum at line extremities
15、 10 6.3 Vacuum recovery time 10 6.4 Automatic restart 10 7 Design 11 7.1 General 11 7.2 Static losses 11 7.3 Wastewater flow rate 12 7.4 Dynamic losses 12 7.5 Vacuum recovery 12 7.6 System controls 12 7.7 System status monitoring 12 8 Installation 12 9 Commissioning 13 9.1 General 13 9.2 Commissioni
16、ng tests 13 10 Maintenance 13 11 Verification 13 11.1 General 13 11.2 Performance requirements 14 11.3 Design requirements 14 11.4 Installation requirements 14 12 Assessment of general performance 15Page 3 EN 12109:1999 BSI 09-1999 13 Quality control 15 Annex A (normative) Methods of verification of
17、 compliance with the requirements of this standard 16 Annex B (normative) Test procedures 17 B.1 Tightness tests 17 B.2 System performance tests 17 Annex C (normative) Calculation of probable wastewater flow rate 21 C.1 Probability calculation 21 C.2 Discharge from domestic sanitary appliances 21 C.
18、3 Selection of the reduction factor (K) 21 C.4 Vacuum toilets 22 Annex D (informative) Vacuum drainage systems products Requirements and verification 23 D.1 Performance requirements 23 D.2 Design requirements 24 D.3 Verification of compliance with requirements 26 D.4 Quality assurance 27 Annex E (in
19、formative) Applications of vacuum drainage systems 28 E.1 General 28 E.2 System layout 28 E.3 Support 30 Annex F (informative) Bibliography 31 Foreword This European Standard has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 165, Wastewater engineering, the Secretariat of which is held by DIN. This Eu
20、ropean Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by October 1999, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by October 1999. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the n
21、ational standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom
22、. Introduction This European Standard is a system standard. A vacuum drainage system is a designed system. Each system is individually designed and based upon a specification with specific design parameters for the application and the selected equipment. This European Standard contains additional in
23、formation of importance to specifiers, designers, constructors and operators. This European Standard has three normative and three informative annexes.Page 4 EN 12109:1999 BSI 09-1999 1 Scope This European Standard specifies system requirements (performance) and the principal requirements for design
24、 and installation, with related verification and test methods, for vacuum drainage systems inside buildings transporting domestic wastewater from dwellings and commercial properties, but excluding stormwater and rainwater. If requirements for products used within the system are needed, annex D (info
25、rmative) provides guidance to performance requirements, design, verification and quality assurance. The gravity system which feeds the wastewater to the vacuum drainage system is not covered by this European Standard. 2 Normative references This European Standard incorporates by dated or undated ref
26、erence, provisions from other publications. These normative references are cited at the appropriate places in the text and the publications are listed hereafter. For dated references, subsequent amendments to or revisions of any of these publications apply to this European Standard only when incorpo
27、rated in it by amendment or revision. For undated references, the latest edition of the publication referred to applies. EN 1085, Wastewater treatment Vocabulary. prEN 1717, Protection against pollution of potable water in drinking water installations and general requirements of devices to prevent p
28、ollution by backflow. prEN 12056-2, Gravity drainage systems inside buildings Part 2: Wastewater systems, layout and calculation. EN 60204, Safety of machinery Electrical equipment of machines. IEC 335-2-84, Safety of household and similar electrical appliances Part 2-84: Particular requirements for
29、 toilets. 3 Definitions For the purpose of this European Standard, the definitions according to EN 1085 and the following definitions apply. 3.1 a-factor variable factor used to calculate probable static loss from theoretical static loss 3.2 discharge unit unit of measurement for the wastewater outf
30、low of appliances 3.3 interface unit assembly with an interface valve and a buffer volume receiving wastewater 3.4 interface valve valve which admits the flow of wastewater only, or wastewater and air, into the vacuum drainage system pipeline 3.5 analysis breaking a requirement down to its constitue
31、nt parts for clear evaluationPage 5 EN 12109:1999 BSI 09-1999 3.6 service connection section of vacuum pipeline connecting an individual interface unit to the vacuum main 3.7 automatic interface unit (AIU) assembly consisting of an interface valve, buffer volume, sensor and controller 3.8 dynamic lo
32、sses sum of losses caused by inertia, friction and lifts when the water is in motion 3.9 pipe profile vertical elevation of the vacuum pipeline 3.10 K-factor variable reduction factor used in design calculations to take into account the frequencies of use of sanitary appliances in different types of
33、 building 3.11 airwater ratio (A/W-ratio) ratio of the volume of air to the volume of wastewater passed through an interface unit for each cycle of operation 3.12 buffer volume storage volume of the interface unit which balances the incoming flow of wastewater to the output capacity of the discharge
34、 valve 3.13 reforming pocket low point in the piping profile installed intentionally to produce a controlled slug flow 3.14 slug isolated quantity of wastewater flowing full bore through the vacuum pipeline 3.15 forwarding pump pump installed at the vacuum station to deliver the wastewater from the
35、vacuum system 3.16 inspection visual review of drawings, hardware or installation 3.17 static loss loss of vacuum due to lifts when the system is at rest 3.18 lift section of vacuum pipeline with an increase in invert level in the direction of flow 3.19 theoretical static loss static loss obtained b
36、y considering every lift full of waterPage 6 EN 12109:1999 BSI 09-1999 3.20 vacuum any pressure below atmospheric 3.21 vacuum container container connected to the vacuum pump, the vacuum drainage pipelines and a means of discharge 3.22 vacuum drainage transportation of wastewater by vacuum 3.23 vacu
37、um recovery time time taken, after the operation of an interface valve, for the vacuum at the valve to be restored to its operational value 3.24 vacuum generator equipment installed at the vacuum station to generate and maintain the vacuum within the system 3.25 vacuum station installation comprisin
38、g vacuum generator(s), a means of discharge and control equipment, and which may also incorporate vacuum vessel/holding tank(s) 3.26 vacuum toilet toilet incorporating an interface unit and a means of rinsing 3.27 controller device which, when activated by its level sensor, opens the interface valve
39、 and, after the passage of wastewater and normally air, closes the valve 3.28 available vacuum differential difference between the vacuum level in the vacuum station and the initial vacuum needed to operate an interface unit 3.29 availability operating time of a vacuum drainage system divided by its
40、 operating time plus time out of service 3.30 data submittal supplying detailed information supporting compliance with the requirements of this standard 3.31 probable static loss theoretical static loss multiplied by a probability factor 3.32 water valve controlled valve regulating the entry of flus
41、h water of a vacuum toiletPage 7 EN 12109:1999 BSI 09-1999 4 System description A vacuum drainage system is a drainage system under sub-atmospheric pressure where: the wastewater is let into the pipework through interface units; most of the air necessary for the transportation of the wastewater ente
42、rs through interface units; the interface units are normally operated by the pressure differential to atmosphere. This European Standard considers the vacuum drainage system in four system elements: automatic interface units (AIU); vacuum toilets; pipework; vacuum station. The system is based upon t
43、he principles of intermittent transport and immediate access to vacuum. When the interface valve is opened, the difference in pressure between the atmosphere and the main pipeline pushes the volume of water and normally several times that volume of air through the service connection into the main pi
44、peline. This creates a large local pressure differential which accelerates the water in the vicinity. As the pressure is equalized and the air is rushing through the system, it sequentially accelerates several independent masses of water that have accumulated in the low points of the pipework. This
45、movement of water takes place in both directions, but the slope has a directional effect on the water flow. After a number of repeated accelerations of water slugs, the air has lost most of its kinetic energy and cannot create any more pumping action. For indoor systems, the transportation length is
46、 normally within the reach of every interface unit. For longer systems, the interface units have to interact to provide the necessary pumping action. For a vacuum drainage system, it is necessary to sequentially generate high acceleration and self-cleansing velocities without the use of tremendous a
47、mounts of energy. NOTE A vacuum drainage system is not a reversed pressure system where all the water would be accelerated simultaneously. 5 Principal design factors 5.1 General The general performance of a vacuum drainage system is governed by its principal design factors: safety and health; availa
48、bility; reliability; maintainability; noise and odour control; energy economy; fire resistance. For assessment of general performance, see clause 12.Page 8 EN 12109:1999 BSI 09-1999 5.2 Health and safety The principal objectives for health and safety are the following. There shall be no danger to pu
49、blic health. There shall be no danger to operating personnel. There shall be no danger to existing adjacent structures or services. Potential hazards, identified through experience or analysis, shall be eliminated or controlled in accordance with the following order of precedence: design to eliminate hazards; use of safety devices; use of warning devices; use of special procedures. The following safety requirements apply. All electrical equipment design shall be in accordance with EN 60204. The ins
