1、BS EN 15544:2009ICS 97.100.30NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAWBRITISH STANDARDOne offKachelgrundfen/Putzgrundfen (tiled/mortared stoves) DimensioningThis British Standardwas published under theauthority of the StandardsPolicy and StrategyCommittee on 31 August200
2、9 BSI 2009ISBN 978 0 580 57332 3Amendments/corrigenda issued since publicationDate CommentsBS EN 15544:2009National forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of EN 15544:2009.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to TechnicalCommittee RHE/28, Domestic solid mineral fuel
3、appliances.A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained onrequest to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisionsof a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application.Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immun
4、ityfrom legal obligations.BS EN 15544:2009EUROPEAN STANDARDNORME EUROPENNEEUROPISCHE NORMEN 15544July 2009ICS 97.100.30English VersionOne off Kachelgrundfen/Putzgrundfen (tiled/mortared stoves)- DimensioningPoles en faence, poles en maonnerie fabriqus in situ -DimensionnementOrtsfest gesetzte Kachel
5、grundfen/Putzgrundfen -AuslegungThis European Standard was approved by CEN on 19 June 2009.CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this EuropeanStandard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date li
6、sts and bibliographical references concerning such nationalstandards may be obtained on application to the CEN Management Centre or to any CEN member.This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translationunder the respo
7、nsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN Management Centre has the same status as theofficial versions.CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland,France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Icela
8、nd, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal,Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATIONCOMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATIONEUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNGManagement Centre: Avenue Marni
9、x 17, B-1000 Brussels 2009 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reservedworldwide for CEN national Members.Ref. No. EN 15544:2009: EBS EN 15544:2009EN 15544:2009 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword 3Introduction .41 Scope 52 Normative references 53 Terms and definitions .54 Calculati
10、ons 74.1 Nominal heat output 74.2 Load of fuel .74.2.1 Maximum load 74.2.2 Minimum load .74.3 Design of the essential dimensions.74.3.1 Combustion chamber dimensions .74.3.2 Minimum flue pipe length .94.3.3 Gas groove profile .94.4 Calculation of the burning rate 104.5 Fixing of the air ratio 104.6
11、Combustion air, flue gas 104.6.1 Combustion air flow rate 104.6.2 Flue gas flow rate 114.6.3 Flue gas mass flow rate . 114.7 Calculations of the density 124.7.1 Combustion air density 124.7.2 Flue gas density 124.8 Calculation of the flue gas temperature . 124.8.1 Mean combustion chamber temperature
12、 . 124.8.2 Flue gas temperature in the flue pipe . 134.8.3 Flue gas temperature in the connecting pipe 134.8.4 Flue gas temperature at chimney entrance, mean flue gas temperature of the chimney and temperature of the chimney wall at the top of the chimney . 134.9 Calculation of flow mechanics 134.9.
13、1 Calculation of the standing pressure . 134.9.2 Calculation of the flow velocity . 144.9.3 Calculation of the static friction 144.9.4 Calculation of the resistance due to direction change . 154.10 Operation control 174.10.1 Pressure condition . 174.10.2 Dew point condition 174.10.3 Efficiency of th
14、e combustion . 174.10.4 Flue gas triple of variates 18Bibliography . 19BS EN 15544:2009EN 15544:2009 (E) 3 Foreword This document (EN 15544:2009) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 295 “Residential solid fuel burning appliances”, the secretariat of which is held by BSI. This European St
15、andard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by January 2010, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by January 2010. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements o
16、f this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European
17、 Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kin
18、gdom. BS EN 15544:2009EN 15544:2009 (E) 4 Introduction This standard specifies a calculation method for the dimensioning of Kachelgrundfen/Putzgrundfen (tiled/mortared stoves) based upon the required nominal heat output of the stove as declared by the producer. If the calculations of this standard a
19、re observed, the minimum energy efficiency of 78% and the emission values of carbon monoxide 1 500 mg/mn (1 000 mg/MJ), nitrogen dioxide 225 mg/mn (150 mg/MJ), organically bound carbon 120 mg/mn (80 mg/MJ) and dust 90 mg/mn (60 mg/MJ) will be observed too. This calculation method for the dimensionin
20、g of Kachelgrundfen/Putzgrundfen (tiled/mortared stoves) is based on appropriate literature as well as EN 13384-1, and where empirically determined correlations are used in addition to physical and chemical formulas. NOTE In case of a calculation method for different interior materials than fireclay
21、 the proof of the compliance of the emission values should be delivered separately. Furthermore the empiric data of the combustion chamber dimensions, the minimum flue pipe length, the burning rate as well as the combustion chamber temperature and the decrease of the temperature along the flue pipe
22、should also be determined. BS EN 15544:2009EN 15544:2009 (E) 5 1 Scope This standard specifies calculations for the dimensioning of Kachelgrundfen/Putzgrundfen (tiled/mortared stoves) based upon the required nominal heat output of the stove as declared by the producer. The Kachelgrundfen/Putzgrundfe
23、n (tiled/mortared stoves) are of individual one-off construction design. The standard can be used for log wood fired Kachelfen (tile stoves) that burn one fuel load per storage period with a maximum load between 10 kg and 40 kg and a storage period (nominal heating time) between 8 h and 24 h. This s
24、tandard is valid for Kachelgrundfen/Putzgrundfen (tiled/mortared stoves) equipped with fireclay as interior material, with an apparent density between 1,750 kg/m and 2,200 kg/m, a degree of porosity from 18 % up to 33 % by volume and a heat conductivity from 0,65 W/mK up to 0,90 W/mK (temperature ra
25、nge 20 C to 400 C). This standard is valid for Kachelgrundfen/Putzgrundfen (tiled/mortared stoves) with sidewise combustion air supply of the combustion chamber and an inflow speed from 2 m/s to 4 m/s, whereas the height of the lowest opening is at least 5 cm above the bottom of the combustion chamb
26、er. This standard is not valid for combinations with water heat exchangers for central heating or other heat absorbing elements like glass plates greater than 1/6 of the combustion chamber surface, open water tanks, etc. It is also not valid for combinations with heating/fireplace elements according
27、 to EN 13229. Furthermore this standard is not valid for mass-produced prefabricated or partly prefabricated slow heat release appliances according to EN 15250. NOTE Although for the purposes of this standard these calculations are applicable only to the requirements of this standard, the same calcu
28、lations can be used for other purposes, e.g. to verify emission levels and energy efficiency in case of burning log wood or wood briquettes according to the producers manual. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated r
29、eferences, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN 13384-1, Chimneys Thermal and fluid dynamic calculation methods Part 1: Chimneys serving one appliance 3 Terms and definitions 3.1 construction with
30、 air gap construction, with an air gap between the inner and the outer shell 3.2 construction without air gap construction, with no air gap between the inner and the outer shell 3.3 combustion chamber base ABRarea of a horizontal cut through the combustion chamber at the height of the lower edge of
31、the firebox opening 3.4 combustion chamber height HBRmean vertical distance between the combustion chamber base and the combustion chamber ceiling BS EN 15544:2009EN 15544:2009 (E) 6 3.5 combustion chamber surface OBRsum of the inner surfaces of the combustion chamber 3.6 mean combustion chamber tem
32、perature tBRvalue to calculate the thermal lift in the combustion chamber 3.7 burning rate mBUmean fuel load divided by burning time 3.8 combustion chamber admeasurement UBRadmeasurement of the combustion chamber base 3.9 gas groove additional opening for the conduction of the flue gas 3.10 flue pip
33、e length LZlength of the connecting line of all geometric centres of the flue pipe profiles from the combustion chamber exit to the connecting pipe entrance 3.11 Kachelgrundofen/tiled stove (also Kachelofen) one off slow heat release appliance, which is adapted individually to local conditions and w
34、hose visible surface is predominantly made of tiles 3.12 short flue pipe section section of the flue pipe, where the length of the section is shorter than the hydraulic diameter 3.13 minimum flue pipe length LZminminimal acceptable length of the flue pipe 3.14 maximum load mBload of the fuel at nomi
35、nal heat output 3.15 minimum load mBminload of the fuel at the lowest reduced heat output 3.16 nominal heat output mean useable heat output of the heating appliance 3.17 Putzgrundofen/mortared stove (also Putzofen) one off slow heat release appliance, which is adapted individually to local condition
36、s and whose visible surface is predominantly plastered 3.18 storage period (nominal heating time) period of time specified by the producer where the nominal heat output is set free BS EN 15544:2009EN 15544:2009 (E) 7 3.19 efficiency proportion (in percent) of the nominal heat output multiplied with
37、the storage period to the total heat input 4 Calculations 4.1 Nominal heat output The required nominal heat output (Pn)of the stove shall be specified by the producer so that the dimensions of the stove can be calculated in accordance with clauses 4.2 to 4.10. 4.2 Load of fuel 4.2.1 Maximum load The
38、 maximum load of fuel shall be calculated as follows: 3,25nnBtPm= (1) NOTE 1 To calculate the factor 3,25 in equation (1), a net calorific value of wood of 4,16 kWh*kg-1and an efficiency of 0,78 (78%) was presumed. where mBis the maximum load (kg); Pnis the specified nominal heat output (kW); tn is
39、the specified storage period (h). NOTE 2 The specified storage period can vary between 8 h and 24 h. 4.2.2 Minimum load The minimum load shall be calculated as 50 % of the maximum load as follows: BBmin5,0 mm = (2) where mBis the maximum load (kg); mBminis the minimum load (kg). 4.3 Design of the es
40、sential dimensions 4.3.1 Combustion chamber dimensions NOTE Designing the dimensions of the combustion chamber serves two main purposes: firstly to ensure that sufficient room is available to contain the fuel needed to be charged and secondly that the requirements for clean combustion are met. BS EN
41、 15544:2009EN 15544:2009 (E) 8 4.3.1.1 Combustion chamber surface The dimension of the combustion chamber surface shall be calculated as follows: BBR900 mO = (3) where mBis the maximum load (in kg); OBRis the combustion chamber surface (in cm2). For the calculation of the combustion chamber surface
42、all its walls, the ceiling and the base including the area of the combustion chamber opening and the combustion chamber exit for the flue gas shall be regarded equally i.e. calculated as if there were no combustion openings or exits. 4.3.1.2 Combustion chamber base The combustion chamber base can be
43、 varied between a minimum and a maximum value. The minimum value results from the requirement that at maximum load a height of the fuel of 33 cm shall not be exceeded. Therefore the base shall be calculated using 100 cm per kg fuel as follows: BBRmin100 mA = (4) where mBis the maximum load (in kg);
44、ABRminis the minimum combustion chamber base (in cm2). The maximum area of the base of the combustion chamber shall be defined as a result of equations (3) and (6) as follows: ()225900BRBBBRmaxUmmA+= (5) where mBis the maximum load (in kg); ABRmaxis the maximum combustion chamber base (in cm2); UBRi
45、s the combustion chamber admeasurement (in cm). When the base is square, the proportion of length to width can be varied from 1 to 2, but there shall be a minimum width of 23 cm. 4.3.1.3 Combustion chamber height The minimum combustion chamber height shall be defined as follows: BBR25 mH + (6) where
46、 mBis the maximum load (in kg); BS EN 15544:2009EN 15544:2009 (E) 9 HBRis the combustion chamber height (in cm). On the basis of the specifications of the combustion chamber base and the combustion chamber surface the combustion chamber height shall be calculated as follows: BRBRBBR2900UAmH= (7) whe
47、re mBis the maximum load (in kg); ABRis the combustion chamber base (in cm2); HBRis the combustion chamber height (in cm); UBRis the combustion chamber admeasurement (in cm). 4.3.2 Minimum flue pipe length 4.3.2.1 Construction without air gap The minimum flue pipe length shall be calculated as follo
48、ws: BZmin3,1 mL = (8a) where mBis the maximum load (in kg); LZminis the minimum flue pipe length (in m). 4.3.2.2 Construction with air gap The minimum flue pipe length shall be calculated as follows: BZmin5,1 mL = (8b) where mBis the maximum load (in kg); LZminis the minimum flue pipe length (in m).
49、 4.3.3 Gas groove profile The gas groove profile shall be calculated as follows: BGS1 mA = (9) where AGSis the profile of the gas groove (in cm2); mBis the maximum load (in kg). BS EN 15544:2009EN 15544:2009 (E) 10 4.4 Calculation of the burning rate The burning rate shall be calculated as follows: BBU78,0 mm = (10) where mBis the maximum load (in kg); mBUis the burning rate (in kg
