1、BS EN 16849:2016Bitumen and bituminousbinders Determination ofwater content in bituminousemulsions Method using adrying balanceBSI Standards PublicationWB11885_BSI_StandardCovs_2013_AW.indd 1 15/05/2013 15:06BS EN 16849:2016 BRITISH STANDARDNational forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementa
2、tion of EN 16849:2016.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to TechnicalCommittee PTI/13, Petroleum Testing and Terminology.A list of organizations represented on this committee can beobtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessaryp
3、rovisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correctapplication. The British Standards Institution 2016.Published by BSI Standards Limited 2016ISBN 978 0 580 89192 2ICS 75.140; 91.100.50Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity fromlegal obligations.This British Standard wa
4、s published under the authority of theStandards Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 October 2016.Amendments/corrigenda issued since publicationDate T e x t a f f e c t e dBS EN 16849:2016EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN 16849 October 2016 ICS 75.140; 91.100.50 English Version Bit
5、umen and bituminous binders - Determination of water content in bituminous emulsions - Method using a drying balance Bitumes et liants bitumineux - Dtermination de la teneur en eau des mulsions de bitume - Mthode par vaporation la balance dessiccatrice Bitumen und bitumenhaltige Bindemittel - Bestim
6、mung des Wassergehaltes von Bitumenemulsionen - Verfahren mittels Trocknungswaage This European Standard was approved by CEN on 29 July 2016. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a nat
7、ional standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A ve
8、rsion in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus,
9、 Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdo
10、m. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2016 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 16849:201
11、6 EBS EN 16849:2016EN 16849:2016 (E) 2 Contents Page European foreword . 3 1 Scope 4 2 Normative references 4 3 Terms and definitions . 4 4 Principle . 5 5 Reagents and material . 5 6 Apparatus . 5 7 Sampling . 5 8 Procedure. 5 8.1 Control of the apparatus . 5 8.2 Test temperature and stop criterion
12、 . 5 8.3 Test . 5 9 Calculation . 6 10 Expression of results 6 11 Precision . 6 11.1 Repeatability . 6 11.2 Reproducibility 7 12 Test report . 7 Bibliography 8 BS EN 16849:2016EN 16849:2016 (E) 3 European foreword This document (EN 16849:2016) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 336 “Bit
13、uminous binders”, the secretariat of which is held by AFNOR. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by April 2017, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by Apri
14、l 2017. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards orga
15、nizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg,
16、 Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom. BS EN 16849:2016EN 16849:2016 (E) 4 1 Scope This European Standard specifies a quick method for determining, by evaporation, the water content of bituminous road emu
17、lsions, with or without polymer added. For bituminous emulsions without flux oil, bituminous emulsions containing vegetal flux oil, and bituminous emulsions containing up to 1,5 % mass of mineral flux oil in the emulsion, this European Standard, according to the selected operating conditions, is con
18、sidered as an alternative method to the reference methods EN 1428 1 and EN 1431 2. Above a mineral flux oil content of 1,5 % by mass, depending on the volatility of the flux oil: the present method can be used if the user can prove its reliability in comparison to EN 1428 or EN 1431. the present met
19、hod can only be used by correcting the result by means of a previously established correlation with the reference method EN 1428 or EN 1431. NOTE Polymer modified emulsions can behave differently in the test than unmodified emulsions; in case of doubt, the method is checked against EN 1428 or EN 143
20、1. In case of dispute, the water content should be determined according to EN 1428 or EN 1431. WARNING The use of this European Standard can involve hazardous materials, operations and equipment. This European Standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems associated with its use. I
21、t is the responsibility of the user of this European Standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 2 Normative references The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document
22、and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN 58, Bitumen and bituminous binders Sampling bituminous binders EN 12594, Bitumen and bituminou
23、s binders Preparation of test samples 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1 water content percentage in mass of water determined according to the test conditions described in this European Standard 3.2 mineral flux flux which may be
24、 of carbochemical, petrochemical or petroleum origin or a mixture of those 3.3 vegetal flux type of bio-flux derived exclusively from plant based (vegetal) product BS EN 16849:2016EN 16849:2016 (E) 5 4 Principle The water contained in the emulsion is evaporated by regulated heating. The sample being
25、 directly placed on a balance integrated to the apparatus, the weight loss is automatically determined until a constant mass is obtained. 5 Reagents and material Solvents appropriate for the cleaning of the laboratory material used. 6 Apparatus Usual laboratory material and glassware, together with
26、the following: 6.1 Drying balance, of sufficient capacity, capable of weighing to the nearest 0,001 g, equipped with a regulated heating device able to maintain a temperature at an accuracy 5 C in the range of 110 C to 150 C, around the sample during the test. 6.2 Drying cups, in a material not affe
27、cting the behaviour of bituminous emulsions. 6.3 Absorbing glass fibre filter(s), to enable a homogeneous repartition of the sample and to avoid skinning effect. 7 Sampling The product submitted to the test shall be sampled according to EN 58 and shall be prepared according to EN 12594. 8 Procedure
28、8.1 Control of the apparatus Each new apparatus shall be calibrated for temperature and weighing accuracy before its first use. Once in service, an apparatus shall be calibrated at least yearly. 8.2 Test temperature and stop criterion Test temperature shall be set at: 110 C for mineral flux emulsion
29、s with up to 1,5 % by mass of flux and emulsions with 5 % by mass or more of vegetal flux; 130 C for vegetal fluxed emulsions with less than 5 % by mass of flux; 150 C for non-fluxed emulsions. The stop of the test can be defined automatically or manually. The stop criterion shall be set at a value
30、closest to about 1 mg/50 s. 8.3 Test 8.3.1 Switch on the drying balance (6.1). Set up the heating temperature and stop criterion at the desired values (see 8.2). BS EN 16849:2016EN 16849:2016 (E) 6 8.3.2 Place the absorbing filter (6.3) on the drying cup (6.2) and tare the balance. 8.3.3 Remove the
31、absorbing filter and weigh (4,0 0,5) g of emulsion, 0m in the drying cup to the nearest 0,001 g. Distribute the emulsion uniformly on the cup surface in less than 30 s. Place the same absorbing filter (8.3.2) on top of the emulsion sample in order to ensure an even drying of the test sample. NOTE To
32、 enable easy cleaning and re-use of the drying cup, it is also possible to pour the emulsion sample in-between two glass fibre filters. 8.3.4 Start up the apparatus for test. 8.3.5 The test is considered finished when the mass of the dehydrated binder is constant. The mass is considered constant whe
33、n the stop criterion is satisfied (8.2). Record the final mass fm to the nearest 0,001 g. Before any new measurement, open the balance and let it cool down to ambient temperature 9 Calculation The water content (w) of the sample tested, expressed in percentage by mass, is calculated using the follow
34、ing formula: 10000=mmmwfwhere 0mis the initial mass of emulsion (8.3.3); fm is the final mass (8.3.5). NOTE some apparatus automatically calculates the water content and/or binder content when the test is finished. 10 Expression of results Express the water content as a percentage by mass to the nea
35、rest 0,1 %. 11 Precision NOTE The precision of the method was evaluated in the frame of a Round Robin test program conducted by TC336/WG2 3 in accordance with ISO 5725-2 4. 11.1 Repeatability The difference between two test results obtained by the same operator with the same apparatus under constant
36、 operating conditions on identical test material would, in the long run, in the normal and correct operation of the test method, exceed 0,6 % by mass in absolute value, in only one case in twenty 3. BS EN 16849:2016EN 16849:2016 (E) 7 11.2 Reproducibility The difference between two single and indepe
37、ndent test results obtained by different operators working in different laboratories on identical test material would, in the long run, in the normal and correct operation of the test method, exceed 1,8 % by mass in absolute value, in only one case in twenty 3. 12 Test report The test report shall c
38、ontain at least the following information: a) a reference to this European Standard; b) the type and complete identification of the sample under test; c) test temperature and stop criterion d) the test result (see Clause 10); if used, the corrected water content according to the correlation with the
39、 reference method EN 1428 1 or EN 1431 2; e) any deviation, by agreement or otherwise, from the procedure specified; f) the date of the test. BS EN 16849:2016EN 16849:2016 (E) 8 Bibliography 1 EN 1428, Bitumen and bituminous binders Determination of water content in bituminous emulsions Azeotropic d
40、istillation method 2 EN 1431, Bitumen and bituminous binders Determination of residual binder and oil distillate from bitumen emulsions by distillation 3 CEN TC336/WG2, Round Robin on bituminous emulsions, B. Eckmann, F. Le Cunff, M. Cresnar, S. Collins in the name of TC336/WG2 6th Eurasphalt & Euro
41、bitume Congress, Paper 100, Prague 2016 4 ISO 5725-2, Accuracy (trueness and precision) of measurement methods and results Part 2: Basic method for the determination of repeatability and reproducibility of a standard measurement method This page deliberately left blankBSI is the national body respon
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