1、| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | BRITISH STANDARD BS EN 50225 : 1997 The Eu
2、ropean Standard EN 50225 : 1996 has the status of a British Standard ICS 29.180 NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAW Code of practice for the safe use of fully enclosed oil-filled electrical equipment which may be contaminated with PCBsBS EN 50225 : 1997 This Britis
3、h Standard, having been prepared under the direction of the Electrotechnical Sector Board, was published under the authority of the Standards Board and comes into effect on 15 May 1997 BSI 1997 The following BSI references relate to the work on this standard: Committee reference PEL/14 Draft for com
4、ment 94/208972 DC ISBN 0 580 27404 7 Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. Date Text affected Committees responsible for this British Standard The preparation of this British Standard was entrusted to Technical Committee PEL/14, Power transformers, upon which the following bodies were represe
5、nted: Association of Consulting Engineers British Cable Makers Confederation British Pump Manufacturers Association British Railways Board Electricity Association Institution of Plant Engineers Transmission and Distribution Association (BEAMA Limited)BS EN 50225 : 1997 BSI 1997 i Contents Page Commi
6、ttees responsible Inside front cover National foreword ii Foreword 2 Text of EN 50225 3ii BSI 1997 BS EN 50225 : 1997 National foreword This British Standard has been prepared by Technical Committee PEL/14, and is the English language version of EN 50225 : 1996, Code of practice for the safe use of
7、fully enclosed oil-filled electrical equipment which may be contaminated with PCBs, published by the European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization (CENELEC). Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. Summary of pages This document compris
8、es a front cover, an inside front cover, pages i and ii, pages 1 to 10, an inside back cover and a back cover.CENELEC European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization Comite Europe en de Normalisation Electrotechnique Europa isches Komitee fu r Elektrotechnische Normung Central Secretariat: r
9、ue de Stassart 35, B-1050 Brussels 1996 Copyright reserved to CENELEC members Ref. No. EN 50225 : 1996 E EUROPEAN STANDARD EN 50225 NORME EUROPE ENNE EUROPA ISCHE NORM December 1996 ICS 29.180 Descriptors: Electrical equipment, liquid electrical insulating materials, insulating oils, askarel, polych
10、lorobiphenyl, contamination, environmental protection, warning notices, accident prevention, safety, safety measures, labelling, hazards, defects, accidents, fire, first aid, hygiene English version Code of practice for the safe use of fully enclosed oil-filled electrical equipment which may be cont
11、aminated with PCBs Code pour la se curite demploi des mate riels e lectriques remplis dhuile qui peuvent e tre contamine s par les PCB Leitlinie fu r die Praxis zum sicheren Umgang mit vollsta ndig gekapselten, mit PCB kontaminiertern O l befu llten elektrischen Betriebsmitteln This European Standar
12、d was approved by CENELEC on 1996-07-02. CENELEC members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning
13、 such national standards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CENELEC member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CENELEC member into its o
14、wn language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the official versions. CENELEC members are the national electrotechnical committees of Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sw
15、eden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.Page 2 EN 50225 : 1996 BSI 1997 Foreword This European Standard was prepared by the Technical Committee CENELEC TC 14, Power transformers, based on a contribution of the cooperating Partner UNIPEDE. The text of the draft was submitted to the formal vote and was a
16、pproved by CENELEC as EN 50225 on 1996-07-02. The following dates were fixed: latest date by which the EN has to be implemented at national level by publication of an identical national standard or by endorsement (dop) 1997-06-01 latest date by which the national standards conflicting with the EN ha
17、ve to be withdrawn (dow)1997-06-01 For products which have complied with the relevant national standard before 1997-06-01, as shown by the manufacturer or by a certification body, this previous standard may continue to apply for production until 2002-06-01. Annexes designated normative are part of t
18、he body of the standard. Annexes designated informative are given for information only. In this standard, annex A is informative and annex B is normative. Contents Page Introduction 3 1 Scope 3 2 Definitions 3 3 Identification of insulating liquids 4 4 Site design and construction 4 5 Labelling 5 6
19、Pollution of the environment 5 7 Personal protective equipment 5 8 Operation and maintenance 6 9 Incidents 6 10 Fire 7 11 First-aid and hygiene 7 12 Decontamination of contaminated electrical equipment 7 13 Disposal procedures 8 14 Transportation 8 15 Records 8 Annexes A (informative) Cases of use o
20、f personal protective equipment 9 B (normative) Special national conditions 10Page 3 EN 50225 : 1996 BSI 1997 Introduction Oils are used in electrical equipment as insulating and cooling liquids. They are produced by refining mineral oils and consist of a complex mixture of hydrocarbons. When handli
21、ng insulating liquids, precautions need to be taken regarding human health and protection of the environment. It is recognized that oil-filled electrical equipment may have been contaminated by polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) either during manufacture or maintenance operations using oils which have
22、 been contaminated with PCBs. Oil-filled electrical equipment is considered to be contaminated with PCBs if the level of PCBs is greater than 50 mg/kg. Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are synthetic liquids which have been used throughout the world since the 1930s. PCBs are chemically stable but pos
23、sess a number of potential environmental disadvantages: being persistent in the environment and resistant to chemical and biological decomposition. They also bioaccumulate: tending to accumulate up the food chain. Furthermore, potential environmental problems can arise should PCBs be involved in unc
24、ontrolled fire conditions. However, due to the small concentrations of PCBs in oil contaminated with PCBs, the consequences will be very much reduced compared with askarels. The generic term askarels is applied to such liquids and is used in this document for insulating liquids having PCBs as a majo
25、r constituent. 1 Scope This code of practice gives guidance to users of fully enclosed electrical equipment which is designed to be filled with oil but which may have become contaminated with PCBs. National and local authority regulations (if any) take priority. This code of practice is applicable t
26、o fully enclosed electrical equipment which is designed to be filled with oil but which may have become contaminated with PCBs. This code of practice is applicable to electrical equipment which contains more than five litres of insulating and/or cooling liquid. This code of practice gives guidance o
27、n the precautions to avoid pollution of the environment by the correct installation, maintenance, operation, storage and transportation of oil-filled electrical equipment which may be contaminated with PCBs. This code of practice gives guidance on the safety precautions to be taken when handling oil
28、 which may be contaminated with PCBs, the refilling of transformers with an oil which does not contain PCBs, the disposal of waste contaminated with PCBs and on the decontamination of oil and electrical equipment. NOTE. The principles contained within this code of practice may be applied or if neces
29、sary adapted to suit the appropriate circumstances where equipment is filled with insulating liquids other than oil. 2 Definitions For the purposes of this code of practice, the following definitions apply: 2.1 askarels Askarels is a generic term for low flammability insulating liquids having polych
30、lorinated biphenyls (PCBs) as a major constituent, with or without the addition of polychlorinated benzenes. 2.2 askarel-filled equipment Equipment containing askarels which is designed to be filled with askarels as the insulating and/or cooling liquid. 2.3 contaminated with PCBs Having a PCB conten
31、t greater than 50 mg/kg. 2.4 decontamination All measures, including reclaiming or refilling, to reduce the PCB content in the oil or in equipment to a level of 50 mg/kg or lower. 2.5 equipment Fully enclosed electrical equipment, except for small volume electrical equipment. 2.6 fully enclosed Comp
32、letely encapsulated, closed circuit equipment, not generally open to the atmosphere, but not excluding a breather or pressure relief device. 2.7 insulating liquid A liquid with negligibly low electrical conductivity, used to separate conducting parts at different electrical potentials. 2.8 oil Miner
33、al insulating oil. 2.9 mineral insulating oil An insulating liquid derived from petroleum crudes which are a complex mixture of hydrocarbons with small amounts of other natural chemical substances. 2.10 polychlorinated benzenes An insulating and/or cooling liquid consisting of a mixture of several i
34、someric and homologous compounds, obtained by replacement of at least three or four atoms of hydrogen in the benzene molecule with chlorine atoms. 2.11 polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) An insulating and/or cooling liquid consisting of a mixture of several isomeric and homologous compounds, obtained
35、by replacement of at least two atoms of hydrogen in the biphenyl molecule with chlorine atoms.Page 4 EN 50225 : 1996 BSI 1997 2.12 reclaiming The elimination of soluble and insoluble contaminants including PCBs from an insulating liquid by chemical absorption means, or by chemical reaction, in addit
36、ion to mechanical means, in order to restore properties as close as possible to the original specification values. NOTE. The process may include the use of antioxidants. 2.13 refilled equipment Equipment which contained oil contaminated with PCBs and has been subject to refilling. 2.14 refilling All
37、 operations designed to replace an insulating liquid contaminated with PCBs by a liquid not containing PCBs. 2.15 screening test A field-useable test to detect the presence of PCBs in oils. 2.16 small volume Not greater than five litres. 2.17 water systems Systems which include: a) effluent systems,
38、 e.g. drains, sewers, etc.; b) water courses, e.g. ditches, streams, canals, rivers, lakes, etc.; c) water storage systems, e.g. reservoirs, etc. 3 Identification of insulating liquids The normal point of identification of insulating liquids is the manufacturers rating-plate. In case of doubt, the o
39、riginal manufacturer may be consulted. Cases of doubt may arise if there is no rating-plate or if the contents are unknown. There is no need for measurement of the PCB content where there is a known history, for example a known source without contamination or a record of previous analysis. Insulatin
40、g liquid may be suspected to be contaminated with PCBs from such evidence as is available, including: the name of the manufacturer; the year of manufacture; the type of equipment; or such other information indicating that contamination may have occurred either during manufacturing, or operation and
41、maintenance of the equipment. If the insulating liquid is suspected to be contaminated with PCBs, then the PCB content should be measured: at the end of the useful life; before disposal; after an internal failure; in case of leakage; before planned replacement of insulating liquid, including repair
42、or maintenance involving contact with the insulating liquid; after refilling; before transfer of ownership. There is no known risk to human health or to the environment, so long as the equipment remains fully enclosed, even if the insulating liquid is contaminated with PCBs. Screening tests are usef
43、ul for the quick identification of possible contamination within certain specified levels. More accurate standardized measurement methods may be necessary after a positive screening test. There are a number of laboratories that may be used to analyse insulating liquids which may be suspected to be c
44、ontaminated with PCBs. Where the PCB content in oil is measured to be not greater than 50 mg/kg the equipment is considered to be not contaminated with PCBs. Where the PCB content in oil is measured to be greater than 50 mg/kg the equipment is considered to be contaminated with PCBs and the equipmen
45、t should be labelled accordingly (see clause 5, Labelling). 4 Site design and construction 4.1 General Precautions to prevent pollution of the environment should be taken into account at the design and construction stage (see clause 6, Pollution of the environment). For existing sites, these precaut
46、ions should be implemented where reasonably practicable. When the amount of oil contained in a transformer is 1000 litres or greater, adequate arrangements should be constructed to contain all spillage and prevent any waste products from reaching water systems. Bunded areas should not be rendered in
47、effective by ingress of rain water. 4.2 Mechanical protection All oil-filled equipment and areas where spares are stored should be adequately protected against mechanical damage, e.g., by fork lift trucks, etc., if such damage is possible. 4.3 Storage Storage areas containing oil should not have dra
48、ins which could cause pollution of the environment. Spare oil containers and equipment containing oil in storage should be controlled to prevent accidental spillage.Page 5 EN 50225 : 1996 BSI 1997 5 Labelling The following should be labelled: a) Oil-filled equipment contaminated with PCBs. b) Compou
49、nds containing oil-filled equipment contaminated with PCBs. c) Temporary storage areas containing oil-filled equipment, or oil, contaminated with PCBs. d) Containers containing oil contaminated with PCBs. e) Containers containing waste materials contaminated with PCBs. The label should be indelible, durable and should give adequate warning and suitable emergency instructions. 6 Pollution of the environment 6.1 General Liquid wastes containing oil should not be disposed of into any water systems. Precautions should
