1、BRITISH STANDARD BS EN 61378-2:2001 IEC 61378-2: 2001 Convertor transformers Part 2: Transformers for HVDC applications The European Standard EN 61378-2:2001 has the status of a British Standard ICS 29.180 NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAWBS EN 61378-2:2001 This
2、British Standard, having been prepared under the direction of the Electrotechnical Sector Committee, was published under the authority of the Standards Committee and comes into effect on 15 August 2001 BSI 08-2001 ISBN 0 580 37774 1 National foreword This British Standard is the official English lan
3、guage version of EN 61378-2:2001. It is identical with IEC 61378-2:2001. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee PEL/14, Power transformers, which has the responsibility to: A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its s
4、ecretary. From 1 January 1997, all IEC publications have the number 60000 added to the old number. For instance, IEC 27-1 has been renumbered as IEC 60027-1. For a period of time during the change over from one numbering system to the other, publications may contain identifiers from both systems. Cr
5、oss-references Attention is drawn to the fact that CEN and CENELEC Standards normally include an annex which lists normative references to international publications with their corresponding European publications. The British Standards which implement these international or European publications may
6、 be found in the BSI Standards Catalogue under the section entitled “International Standards Correspondence Index”, or by using the “Find” facility of the BSI Standards Electronic Catalogue. A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users of British S
7、tandards are responsible for their correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. aid enquirers to understand the text; present to the responsible international/European committee any enquiries on the interpretation, or proposals fo
8、r change, and keep the UK interests informed; monitor related international and European developments and promulgate them in the UK. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, the EN title page, pages 2 to 24, an inside back cover and a back cover. The BSI copyrig
9、ht date displayed in this document indicates when the document was last issued. Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. Date CommentsEUROPEAN STANDARD EN 61378-2 NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM April 2001 CENELEC European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization Comit Europen de Normalisa
10、tion Electrotechnique Europisches Komitee fr Elektrotechnische Normung Central Secretariat: rue de Stassart 35, B - 1050 Brussels 2001 CENELEC - All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CENELEC members. Ref. No. EN 61378-2:2001 E ICS 29.180 English version Conve
11、rtor transformers Part 2: Transformers for HVDC applications (IEC 61378-2:2001) Transformateurs de conversion Partie 2: Transformateurs pour applications CCHT (CEI 61378-2:2001) Stromrichtertransformatoren Teil 2: Transformatoren fr HG-Anwendungen (IEC 61378-2:2001) This European Standard was approv
12、ed by CENELEC on 2001-01-01. CENELEC members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such nation
13、al standards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CENELEC member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CENELEC member into its own language
14、and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the official versions. CENELEC members are the national electrotechnical committees of Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain
15、, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.EN 61378-2:2001 - 2 - Foreword The text of document 14/384/FDIS, future edition 1 of IEC 61378-2, prepared by IEC TC 14, Power transformers, was submitted to the IEC-CENELEC parallel vote and was approved by CENELEC as EN 61378-2 on 2001-01-01. The following
16、dates were fixed: latest date by which the EN has to be implemented at national level by publication of an identical national standard or by endorsement (dop) 2001-11-01 latest date by which the national standards conflicting with the EN have to be withdrawn (dow) 2004-01-01 Annexes designated “norm
17、ative“ are part of the body of the standard. In this standard, annex ZA is normative. Annex ZA has been added by CENELEC. _ Endorsement notice The text of the International Standard IEC 61378-2:2001 was approved by CENELEC as a European Standard without any modification. In the official version, for
18、 Bibliography, the following note has to be added for the standard indicated: IEC 60310 NOTE: Harmonized as EN 60310:1996 (not modified). _ Page2 EN613782:2000 BSI082001CONTENTS Page Clause 1 General . 5 1.1 Scope. 5 1.2 Service conditions 5 2 Normative references. 5 3 Definitions . 6 4 List of vari
19、ables . 7 5 Ratings 8 5.1 General 8 5.2 Rated voltage . 8 5.3 Rated current 8 5.4 Rated frequency . 8 5.5 Rated power . 8 6 Tolerances. 8 6.1 General 8 6.2 Short-circuit impedance tolerances. 8 6.3 Guarantees. 9 7 Losses. 9 7.1 General 9 7.2 No-load loss . 9 7.3 Load loss under rated power-frequency
20、 conditions . 9 7.4 Load loss under service conditions 10 7.5 Determination of hot-spot temperature.11 8 Insulation levels11 8.1 Line windings.11 8.2 Valve windings 11 8.3 Induced voltage level with partial discharge measurements .12 9 Sound level.12 9.1 General .12 9.2 Guaranteed sound-power levels
21、.12 9.3 Sound-power level at site 13 10 Testing .13 10.1 General .13 10.2 Tests .13 10.3 Load-loss measurements.14 10.4 Factory dielectric tests.15 10.5 Temperature-rise test 18 10.6 Load-current test .20 10.7 Determination of transformer sound-power level 20 11 High-frequency modelling .20 Page3 EN
22、613782:2000 BSI082001Clause Page 12 Loading of transformer above rating20 13 Bushings.20 13.1 AC bushings 20 13.2 Valve winding bushings .20 14 Tap-changer .21 14.1 General .21 14.2 Current wave shape.21 Bibliography22 Figure 1 Profile of short-circuit impedance tolerances for tapping ranges 30 % .
23、9 Figure 2 Double reversal test voltage profile 17 Table 1 Test conditions for three-winding transformers 19 Annex ZA (normative) Normative references to international publications with their corresponding European publications.23 Page4 EN613782:2000 BSI082001CONVERTOR TRANSFORMERS Part 2: Transform
24、ers for HVDC applications 1 General 1.1 Scope This part of IEC 61378 applies to oil-immersed three-phase and single-phase convertor transformers for use in HVDC power transmission. It applies to transformers having two, three or multiple windings. This standard does not apply to convertor transforme
25、rs for industrial applications (see IEC 61378-1); convertor transformers for traction applications (see IEC 60310). 1.2 Service conditions 1.2.1 General Convertor transformers in this standard shall comply with the service conditions stated in IEC 60076-1, except where it is clearly not applicable t
26、o convertor transformers or when other requirements are specified herein. It is assumed that the transformer operates in an approximately symmetrical three-phase system, unless otherwise stated. 1.2.2 Temperature If any part of the transformer (for example, the valve bushings) protrudes into the val
27、ve hall, the maximum temperature in the valve hall shall be specified in addition to the normal ambient temperature. 1.2.3 Load current The currents flowing through the transformers contain harmonics. Residual d.c. currents also flow through the valve windings. The supplier shall be provided with th
28、e harmonic content and the magnitude of the residual d.c. currents in the enquiry and have it confirmed during the contract stage. 1.2.4 Direction of power flow Unless otherwise specified, the transformer shall be designed for both rectifier and inverter operation. 2 Normative references The followi
29、ng normative documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this part of IEC 61378. For dated references, subsequent amendments to, or revisions of, any of these publications do not apply. However, parties to agreements based on this part of IEC 61378 ar
30、e encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent editions of the normative documents indicated below. For undated references, the latest edition of the normative document referred to applies. Members of IEC and ISO maintain registers of currently valid International Standards.
31、 Page5 EN613782:2000 BSI082001IEC 60076-1:1993, Power transformers Part 1: General IEC 60076-2:1993, Power transformers Part 2: Temperature rise IEC 60076-3:2000, Power transformers Part 3: Insulation levels, dielectric tests and external clearances in air IEC 60076-5:1976, Power transformers Part 5
32、: Ability to withstand short-circuit IEC 60076-8:1997, Power transformers Part 8: Application guide IEC 60076-10:, Power transformers and reactors Part 10: Determination of sound levels 1) IEC 60137:1995, Insulated bushings for alternating voltages above 1 000 V IEC 60146-1-1:1991, Semiconductor con
33、vertors General requirements and line commutated converters Part 1-1: Specifications of basic requirements IEC/TR 60146-1-2:1991, Semiconductor convertors General requirements and line commutated convertors Part 1-2: Application guide IEC 60214:1989, On-load tap-changers IEC 60270: , Partial dischar
34、ge measurements 1) IEC 60354:1991, Loading guide for oil-immersed power transformers IEC 60567:1992, Guide for the sampling of gases and of oil from oil-filled electrical equipment and for the analysis of free and dissolved gases IEC 61378-1:1997, Convertor transformers Part 1: Transformers for indu
35、strial application 3 Definitions For the purpose of this part of IEC 61378, the definitions of IEC 60050 (IEV) apply. Additional definitions of more specific transformer and convertor terms are given in IEC 60076-1 and IEC 60146-1-1, respectively. Where some of these terms are at variance with earli
36、er definitions of the same terms, found in the IEV, the terms specified in IEC 60076-1 and IEC 60146-1-1 will take precedence. _ 1)To be published. Page6 EN613782:2000 BSI0820014 List of variables I 1 rated current I x load-loss test current at frequency f x I LN r.m.s. value of the in-service load
37、current in the winding under consideration I h current at harmonic order number h I eq equivalent sinusoidal r.m.s. current giving the winding in-service load loss h harmonic order number U 1 rated voltage S R rated power P 1 total load losses at fundamental frequency (50 Hz or 60 Hz) P x load loss
38、measured at frequency f x IR 1 2 ohmic losses at rated current R d.c. resistance of windings including internal leads P WE1 eddy losses in windings at fundamental frequency P SE1 stray losses in structural parts (excluding windings) at fundamental frequency P N total service load loss f 1 rated freq
39、uency and also the fundamental frequency f x frequency 150 Hz used to determine the distribution of eddy losses f h frequency at harmonic order number h F WE enhancement factor for winding eddy losses F SE enhancement factor for stray losses in structural parts K h ratio of the current I hto the rat
40、ed current I 1 U ac a.c. separate source test voltage for the valve windings (r.m.s. value) U m highest system voltage of the line winding U dm highest d.c. voltage per valve bridge U dc d.c. separate source test voltage for the valve windings U pr polarity-reversal test voltage for the valve windin
41、gs (d.c. voltage) U vm maximum phase to phase a.c. operating voltage of the valve windings of the convertor transformer N number of six-pulse bridges in series from the neutral of the d.c. line to the rectifier bridge connected to the transformer “Valve side“ and “line side“ define the external conn
42、ections of the transformer windings. Line side refers to the winding connected to the a.c. network and valve side to the winding connected to the convertor. Page7 EN613782:2000 BSI0820015 Ratings 5.1 General The rating characteristics of the transformer are expressed in steady-state sinusoidal quant
43、ities of current and voltages at rated fundamental frequency. The guaranteed losses, impedances and noise level shall correspond to these values. NOTE North American practice establishes nameplate rating in kVA based on both r.m.s. and fundamental frequency. 5.2 Rated voltage The rated voltage is th
44、e r.m.s. value of the fundamental component of the line-to-line voltage. 5.3 Rated current The rated current is the r.m.s. value of the fundamental component of the line current. 5.4 Rated frequency The rated frequency is the fundamental frequency of either 50 Hz or 60 Hz for which the transformer i
45、s designed. 5.5 Rated power The rated power is the product of the rated voltage and rated current, hence the rated three- phase power is as follows: SU I R 3 11 6 Tolerances 6.1 General The tolerances shall be in accordance with table 1 of IEC 60076-1, with the exceptions given in 6.2. 6.2 Short-cir
46、cuit impedance tolerances The impedance at the principal tap shall not deviate by more than 5 % of the guaranteed value. For transformers having a tapping range not exceeding 30 %, the impedance over the usual operating part of the range shall not exceed 5 % of the value at the principal tapping and
47、 not more than 10 % of the value at the principal tapping over all other parts of the range. The usual part of the tapping range shall be agreed between the supplier and the purchaser. The tolerances on impedance over the tapping range for transformers having a tapping range greater than 30 % shall
48、be agreed between supplier and purchaser before contract. Page8 EN613782:2000 BSI082001The impedance at the principal tapping and the variation of impedance over tapping range for transformers of duplicate or similar design for the purpose of identical application in service or interchangeability sh
49、all not exceed 3 % of the mean test values. Impedance deviation % +10 +5 5 10 15 +15 Tap position % Usual operating range Figure 1 Profile of short-circuit impedance tolerances for tapping ranges 30 % 6.3 Guarantees The value of impedance at the principal tap shall be guaranteed. Impedances at other tap positions may also be guaranteed by agreement between purchaser and supplier. 7 Losses 7.1 General The total losses
