1、BRITISH STANDARD BS EN ISO 12894:2001 Ergonomics of the thermal environment Medical supervision of individuals exposed to extreme hot or cold environments The European Standard EN ISO 12894:2001 has the status of a British Standard ICS 13.100; 13.180 NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMI
2、TTED BY COPYRIGHT LAWBS EN ISO 12894:2001 This British Standard, having been prepared under the direction of the Health and Environment Sector Policy and Strategy Committee, was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 8 October 2001 BSI 8 October 2001 ISBN 0 5
3、80 38553 1 National foreword This British Standard is the official English language version of EN ISO 12894:2001. It is identical with ISO 12894:2001. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted by Technical Committee PH/9, Applied Ergonomics, to Subcommittee PH/9/1, Thermal Environments,
4、which has the responsibility to: A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary. Cross-references The British Standards which implement international or European publications referred to in this document may be found in the BSI Standards Catalogue u
5、nder the section entitled “International Standards Correspondence Index”, or by using the “Find” facility of the BSI Standards Electronic Catalogue. A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct
6、 application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. aid enquirers to understand the text; present to the responsible European committee any enquiries on the interpretation, or proposals for change, and keep the UK interests informed; monitor re
7、lated international and European developments and promulgate them in the UK. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, the EN title page, the EN foreword page, the ISO title page, pages ii to v, a blank page, pages 1 to 30, an inside back cover and a back cover.
8、The BSI copyright date displayed in this document indicates when the document was last issued. Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. Date CommentsEUROPEANSTANDARD NORMEEUROPENNE EUROPISCHENORM ENISO12894 June2001 ICS13.100;13.180 Englishversion ErgonomicsofthethermalenvironmentMedicalsupervis
9、ionof individualsexposedtoextremehotorcoldenvironments(ISO 12894:2001) ErgonomiedesambiancesthermiquesSurveillance mdicaledespersonnesexposeslachaleurouaufroid extrmes(ISO12894:2001) ErgonomiederthermischenUmgebungMedizinische berwachungvonPersonen,dieeinerextremheienoder kaltenUmgebungausgesetztsin
10、d(ISO12894:2001) ThisEuropeanStandardwasapprovedbyCENon15June2001. CENmembersareboundtocomplywiththeCEN/CENELECInternalRegulationswhichstipulatetheconditionsforgivingthisEurope an Standardthestatusofanationalstandardwithoutanyalteration.Uptodatelistsandbibliographicalreferencesconcernings uchnationa
11、l standardsmaybeobtainedonapplicationtotheManagementCentreortoanyCENmember. ThisEuropeanStandardexistsinthreeofficialversions(English,French,German).Aversioninanyotherlanguagemadebytra nslation undertheresponsibilityofaCENmemberintoitsownlanguageandnotifiedtotheManagementCentrehasthesamestatusasthe
12、official versions. CENmembersarethenationalstandardsbodiesofAustria,Belgium,CzechRepublic,Denmark,Finland,France,Germany,Greece, Iceland,Ireland,Italy,Luxembourg,Netherlands,Norway,Portugal,Spain,Sweden,SwitzerlandandUnitedKingdom. EUROPEANCOMMITTEEFORSTANDARDIZATION COMITEUROPENDENORMALISATION EURO
13、PISCHESKOMITEEFRNORMUNG ManagementCentre:ruedeStassart,36B1050Brussels 2001CEN Allrightsofexploitationinanyformandbyanymeansreserved worldwideforCENnationalMembers. Ref.No.ENISO12894:2001EgaPe2 ENISO12894:2001 Foreword ThetextoftheInternationalStandardISO12894:2001hasbeenpreparedbyTechnical Committe
14、eISO/TC159“Ergonomics“incollaborationwithTechnicalCommitteeCEN/TC122 “Ergonomics“,thesecretariatofwhichisheldbyDIN. ThisEuropeanStandardshallbegiventhestatusofanationalstandard,eitherbypublication ofanidenticaltextorbyendorsement,atthelatestbyDecember2001,andconflicting nationalstandardsshallbewithd
15、rawnatthelatestbyDecember2001. AccordingtotheCEN/CENELECInternalRegulations,thenationalstandardsorganizationsof thefollowingcountriesareboundtoimplementthisEuropeanStandard:Austria,Belgium, CzechRepublic,Denmark,Finland,France,Germany,Greece,Iceland,Ireland,Italy, Luxembourg,Netherlands,Norway,Portu
16、gal,Spain,Sweden,SwitzerlandandtheUnited Kingdom. NOTEFROMCMC: TheforewordissusceptibletobeamendedonreceptionoftheGerman languageversion.Theconfirmedoramendedforeword,andwhenappropriate,thenormative annexZAforthereferencestointernationalpublicationswiththeirrelevantEuropean publicationswillbecircula
17、tedwiththeGermanversion. Endorsementnotice ThetextoftheInternationalStandardISO12894:2001wasapprovedbyCENasaEuropean Standardwithoutanymodification. Page2 ENISO12894:2001 8October2001Reference number ISO 12894:2001(E) OSI 1002 INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 12894 First edition 2001-06-15 Ergonomics of t
18、he thermal environment Medical supervision of individuals exposed to extreme hot or cold environments Ergonomie des ambiances thermiques Surveillance mdicale des personnes exposes la chaleur ou au froid extrmesii ISO 49821:(1002)Eiii Contents Page Foreword.iv Introduction.v 1 Scope 1 2 Normative ref
19、erences 1 3 Terms and definitions .2 4 Principles of medical supervision of individuals .2 4.1 General2 4.2 Ergonomic investigations.3 4.3 Occupational exposure .5 Annex A (informative) General principles underlying ergonomic investigations in which volunteer subjects may experience discomfort 6 Ann
20、ex B (informative) Medical effects of exposure to hot and cold9 Annex C (informative) Medical supervision of individuals exposed to extreme hot environments in the laboratory .13 Annex D (informative) Medical supervision of individuals exposed to cold environments in the laboratory .18 Annex E (info
21、rmative) Practical requirements of medical supervision in the laboratory, or during field studies with volunteers not normally exposed 23 Annex F (informative) Occupational exposures to extreme heat and cold.25 Bibliography29 Page3 ENISO12894:2001 8October2001ISO 49821:(1002)E iv Foreword ISO (the I
22、nternational Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee
23、has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnica
24、l standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 3. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by
25、 at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this International Standard may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. International Standard ISO 12894 wa
26、s prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 159, Ergomomics, Subcommittee SC 5, Ergonomics of the physical environment. Annexes A to F of this International Standard are for information only. Page4 ENISO12894:2001 8October2001ISO 49821:(1002)Ev Introduction This International Standard is one of a group
27、 of standards which specify methods for measuring and evaluating hot, moderate and cold thermal environments. International Standards or Technical Reports, which describe the evaluation of hot and cold thermal environments, give advice on the acceptability of these environments for human exposure, t
28、aking account of the activity level and the effects of clothing worn. That advice is given on the basis that the individuals concerned are healthy, that is, without any medical factor which might predispose them to ill effects from the thermal environment. Furthermore, biological variability prevent
29、s the accurate prediction of the response of any particular individual to climatic extremes. For these reasons, it is necessary to provide appropriate medical supervision for individuals who are to be exposed to extreme thermal environments. This International Standard describes a method to determin
30、e the degree of medical supervision relevant to different types of exposure, in order to limit the risk of any individual suffering from ill health. 5egaP ENISO12894:2001 8October2001blankINTENRATIONAL TSANDADR ISO 49821:(1002)E ISO 1002 All rights rsedevre 1 Ergonomics of the thermal environment Me
31、dical supervision of individuals exposed to extreme hot or cold environments 1 Scope This International Standard provides advice to those concerned with the safety of human exposures to extreme hot or cold thermal environments. Extreme thermal environments are those which result in a high rate of he
32、at gain or loss by the body. A precise definition of such environments cannot easily be given, as the change in body heat storage depends on clothing and activity as well as the parameters of the climatic environment. As a guide, the boundaries of extreme environments might be considered to be as fo
33、llows: for hot environments, a wet bulb globe temperature of 25 C; for cold environments an air temperature of 0 C or below. Extreme environments can only be tolerated for limited periods of time before a risk of ill health results. Control measures are necessary to ensure the safety of those so exp
34、osed, one of which is the provision of appropriate medical supervision prior to and during exposures. This International Standard is intended to assist those with responsibility for such exposures to reach decisions about the appropriate level of medical supervision in different situations. This Int
35、ernational Standard should be read and used in the context of other relevant guidance and legislation. This guidance is applicable to laboratory and occupational exposures to extreme environments. In either case an assessment should be made of the expected thermal stress on the individual, but the d
36、etailed arrangements for medical supervision will differ. Control of occupational exposures must also satisfy national health and safety legislation. The laboratory or climatic chamber studies for which this International Standard will be relevant include those in which people may be exposed to high
37、 or low ambient conditions or local heating or cooling. Studies may, for example, investigate physiological or psychophysical responses to the environment or the benefit of clothing or other protective equipment. Scientific investigations and demonstrations for teaching purposes are included in the
38、scope. In some countries, such studies are subject to specific legislation and, in all cases, experimental exposures should be conducted in the context of accepted ethical criteria as detailed in relevant national and international statements (see informative annex A and the bibliography). Extremes
39、of environment may be only one component of the total physiological stress imposed in a study. In such cases, appropriate advice must also be obtained with regard to any medical supervision required prior to exposure to the other stressors involved, for example whole body vibration. In some cases, e
40、rgonomic investigations are conducted in the field, for example, to document the physiological stress of particular occupations. If the overall stress of the task is increased as a result of the proposed study, this International Standard will be relevant. This International Standard does not apply
41、to the use of hypo or hyper thermia in the course of medical investigation or treatment. 2 Normative references The following normative documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this International Standard. For dated references, subsequent amendment
42、s to, or revisions of, any of these publications do not apply. However, parties to agreements based on this International Standard are encouraged to Page1 ENISO12894:2001 8October2001ISO 49821:(1002)E 2 ISO 1002 All rights rsedevre investigate the possibility of applying the most recent editions of
43、the normative documents indicated below. For undated references, the latest edition of the normative document referred to applies. Members of ISO and IEC maintain registers of currently valid International Standards. ISO 9886, Evaluation of thermal strain by physiological measurements. ISO 13731, Er
44、gonomics of the thermal environment Vocabulary and symbols. 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this International Standard, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1 independent medical officer qualified medical practitioner identified in a study protocol as responsible for the arrange
45、ments for medical fitness assessment and health monitoring in support of a study to which this International Standard applies and who is not the principal investigator 3.2 experimenter the member of the investigation team who is in overall control of a particular experimental session 3.3 medical fit
46、ness assessment procedure by which the state of past and present health of an individual is reviewed to identify any possible medical predisposition to harm from exposure to extreme thermal environments 3.4 health monitoring process in which the acute effects on the individual resulting from exposur
47、e to an extreme thermal environment are observed and interpreted by someone with appropriate training, utilizing physiological monitoring and clinical observation NOTE The purpose is to detect any indications that an individual may no longer be adequately tolerating the exposure conditions, and ther
48、efore to prevent any serious ill health arising, if necessary by removal of the individual from the exposure. 3.5 occupational physician qualified medical practitioner who has received appropriate training and who is responsible for the supervision of the health at work of employees in one or more enterprise 3.6 principal investigator where more than one person is responsible for the design of a study a princ
