1、BS EN ISO14937:2009ICS 11.080.01NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAWBRITISH STANDARDSterilization of healthcare products General requirementsfor characterizationof a sterilizing agentand the development,validation androutine control of asterilization processfor medi
2、cal devices(ISO 14937:2009)Licensed Copy: Wang Bin, ISO/EXCHANGE CHINA STANDARDS, 08/07/2010 03:49, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSIThis British Standardwas published under theauthority of the StandardsPolicy and StrategyCommittee on 31 March2010 BSI 2010ISBN 978 0 580 57850 2Amendments/corrigenda issued
3、since publicationDate CommentsBS EN ISO 14937:2009National forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of EN ISO 14937:2009.It supersedes BS EN ISO 14937:2001 which is withdrawn.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to TechnicalCommittee CH/198, Sterilization of medical de
4、vices.A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained onrequest to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisionsof a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application.Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunityfr
5、om legal obligations.Licensed Copy: Wang Bin, ISO/EXCHANGE CHINA STANDARDS, 08/07/2010 03:49, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSIEUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN ISO 14937 October 2009 ICS 11.080.01 Supersedes EN ISO 14937:2000English Version Sterilization of health care products - Genera
6、l requirements for characterization of a sterilizing agent and the development, validation and routine control of a sterilization process for medical devices (ISO 14937:2009) Strilisation des produits de sant - Exigences gnrales pour la caractrisation dun agent strilisant et pour la mise au point, l
7、a validation et la vrification de routine dun processus de strilisation pour dispositifs mdicaux (ISO 14937:2009) Sterilisation von Produkten fr die Gesundheitsfrsorge - Allgemeine Anforderungen an die Charakterisierung eines sterilisierenden Agens und an die Entwicklung, Validierung und Lenkung der
8、 Anwendung eines Sterilisationsverfahrens fr Medizinprodukte (ISO 14937:2009) This European Standard was approved by CEN on 24 September 2009. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a na
9、tional standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version i
10、n any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark
11、, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATIO
12、N EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2009 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN ISO 14937:2009: ELicensed Copy: Wang Bin, ISO/EXCHANGE CHINA STANDARDS, 08/07/2010 03:49, Un
13、controlled Copy, (c) BSIBS EN ISO 14937:2009EN ISO 14937:2009 (E) 3 Foreword This document (EN ISO 14937:2009) has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 198 “Sterilization of health care products“ in collaboration with Technical Committee CEN/TC 204 “Sterilization of medical devices” the secre
14、tariat of which is held by BSI. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by April 2010, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by April 2010. Attention is drawn to
15、 the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This document supersedes EN ISO 14937:2000. This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by
16、 the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU Directives. For relationship with EU Directives, see informative Annex ZA, B and C, which are integral parts of this document. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national s
17、tandards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland
18、, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. Endorsement notice The text of ISO 14937:2009 has been approved by CEN as a EN ISO 14937:2009 without any modification. Licensed Copy: Wang Bin, ISO/EXCHANGE CHINA STANDARDS, 08/07/2010 03:49, Uncontrolled Co
19、py, (c) BSIBS EN ISO 14937:2009EN ISO 14937:2009 (E) 4 Annex ZA (informative) Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential Requirements of EU Directive 90/385/EEC on Active Implantable Medical Devices This European Standard has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the Europ
20、ean Commission and the European Free Trade Association to provide a means of conforming to Essential Requirements of the New Approach Directive 90/385/EEC on active implantable medical devices. Once this standard is cited in the Official Journal of the European Union under that Directive and has bee
21、n implemented as a national standard in at least one Member State, compliance with the clauses of this standard given in Table ZA.1 confers, within the limits of the scope of this standard, a presumption of conformity with the corresponding Essential Requirements of that Directive and associated EFT
22、A regulations. Table ZA.1 Correspondence between this European Standard and Directive 90/385/EEC Clauses of this EN Essential Requirements (ERs) of Directive 90/385/EEC Qualifying remarks/Notes 4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12 7 This relevant Essential Requirement is only partly addressed in this European Stand
23、ard WARNING Other requirements and other EU Directives may be applicable to the product(s) falling within the scope of this Standard. Licensed Copy: Wang Bin, ISO/EXCHANGE CHINA STANDARDS, 08/07/2010 03:49, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSIBS EN ISO 14937:2009EN ISO 14937:2009 (E) 5 Annex ZB (informative)
24、Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential Requirements of EU Directive 93/42/EEC on Medical Devices This European Standard has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association to provide a means of conforming to Essenti
25、al Requirements of the New Approach Directive 93/42/EEC on medical devices. Once this standard is cited in the Official Journal of the European Union under that Directive and has been implemented as a national standard in at least one Member State, compliance with the clauses of this standard given
26、in Table ZB.1 confers, within the limits of the scope of this standard, a presumption of conformity with the corresponding Essential Requirements of that Directive and associated EFTA regulations. Table ZB.1 Correspondence between this European Standard and Directive 93/42/EEC Clauses of this EN Ess
27、ential Requirements (ERs) of Directive 93/42/EEC Qualifying remarks/Notes 4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12 8.3 This relevant Essential Requirement is only partly addressed in this European Standard 4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12 8.4 WARNING Other requirements and other EU Directives may be applicable to the product(s) fa
28、lling within the scope of this Standard. Licensed Copy: Wang Bin, ISO/EXCHANGE CHINA STANDARDS, 08/07/2010 03:49, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSIBS EN ISO 14937:2009EN ISO 14937:2009 (E) 6 Annex ZC (informative) Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential Requirements of EU Directive 98
29、/79/EC on in vitro diagnostic medical devices This European Standard has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association to provide a means of conforming to Essential Requirements of the New Approach Directive 98/79/EC on in vitro diagnos
30、tic medical devices. Once this standard is cited in the Official Journal of the European Union under that Directive and has been implemented as a national standard in at least one Member State, compliance with the clauses of this standard given in Table ZC.1 confers, within the limits of the scope o
31、f this standard, a presumption of conformity with the corresponding Essential Requirements of that Directive and associated EFTA regulations. Table ZC.1 Correspondence between this European Standard and Directive 98/79/EC Clauses of this EN Essential Requirements (ERs) of Directive 98/79/EC Qualifyi
32、ng remarks/Notes 4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12 2.3 This relevant Essential Requirement is only partly addressed in this European Standard 4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12 2.4 WARNING Other requirements and other EU Directives may be applicable to the product(s) falling within the scope of this Standard. Licensed Copy: W
33、ang Bin, ISO/EXCHANGE CHINA STANDARDS, 08/07/2010 03:49, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSIBS EN ISO 14937:2009ISO 14937:2009(E) ISO 2009 All rights reserved iiiContents Page Foreword .v Introductionvi 1 Scope1 1.1 Inclusions.1 1.2 Exclusions1 2 Normative references2 3 Terms and definitions .2 4 Quality man
34、agement system elements.7 4.1 Documentation 7 4.2 Management responsibility 7 4.3 Product realization 8 4.4 Measurement, analysis and improvement Control of non-conforming product8 5 Sterilizing agent characterization 8 5.1 General .8 5.2 Sterilizing agent.8 5.3 Microbicidal effectiveness8 5.4 Effec
35、ts on materials 9 5.5 Safety and the environment .9 6 Process and equipment characterization .9 6.1 General .9 6.2 Process characterization9 6.3 Equipment characterization .10 7 Product definition10 8 Process definition .11 9 Validation12 9.1 General .12 9.2 Installation qualification .12 9.3 Operat
36、ional qualification 13 9.4 Performance qualification 13 9.5 Review and approval of validation 14 10 Routine monitoring and control.14 11 Product release from sterilization .14 12 Maintaining process effectiveness15 12.1 General .15 12.2 Recalibration15 12.3 Maintenance of equipment .15 12.4 Requalif
37、ication.15 12.5 Assessment of change .15 Annex A (normative) Factors to be considered in selection of microorganisms for demonstrating microbicidal effectiveness16 Annex B (normative) Approach 1 Process definition based on inactivation of the microbial population in its natural state 18 Annex C (nor
38、mative) Approach 2 Process definition based on inactivation of reference microorganisms and knowledge of bioburden 19 Licensed Copy: Wang Bin, ISO/EXCHANGE CHINA STANDARDS, 08/07/2010 03:49, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSIBS EN ISO 14937:2009ISO 14937:2009(E) iv ISO 2009 All rights reservedAnnex D (norma
39、tive) Approach 3 Conservative process definition based on inactivation of reference microorganisms20 Annex E (informative) Guidance on application of this International Standard .22 Bibliography 36 Licensed Copy: Wang Bin, ISO/EXCHANGE CHINA STANDARDS, 08/07/2010 03:49, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSIBS
40、EN ISO 14937:2009ISO 14937:2009(E) ISO 2009 All rights reserved vForeword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical c
41、ommittees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with t
42、he International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft Internat
43、ional Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be
44、 the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO 14937 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 198, Sterilization of health care products. This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 14937:2000) and ISO 14937:2
45、000/Cor.1:2003 which have been technically revised. Licensed Copy: Wang Bin, ISO/EXCHANGE CHINA STANDARDS, 08/07/2010 03:49, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSIBS EN ISO 14937:2009ISO 14937:2009(E) vi ISO 2009 All rights reservedIntroduction A sterile medical device is one that is free of viable microorganis
46、ms. International Standards that specify requirements for validation and routine control of sterilization processes require, when it is necessary to supply a sterile medical device, that adventitious microbiological contamination of a medical device prior to sterilization be minimized. Even so, medi
47、cal devices produced under standard manufacturing conditions in accordance with the requirements for quality management systems (see, for example, ISO 13485) could, prior to sterilization, have microorganisms on them, albeit in low numbers. Such medical devices are non-sterile. The purpose of steril
48、ization is to inactivate the microbiological contaminants and thereby transform the non-sterile medical devices into sterile ones. The kinetics of inactivation of a pure culture of microorganisms by physical and/or chemical agents used to sterilize medical devices generally can best be described by
49、an exponential relationship between the number of microorganisms surviving and the extent of treatment with the sterilizing agent; inevitably this means that there is always a finite probability that a microorganism might survive regardless of the extent of treatment applied. For a given treatment, the probability of survival is determined by the number and resistance of microorganisms and by the environment in which the organisms exist during treatment. It follows that the sterility of any one medical device in a population subject
