1、BSI Standards PublicationBS ISO 11451-1:2015Road vehicles Vehicletest methods for electricaldisturbances from narrowbandradiated electromagneticenergyPart 1: General principles and terminologyBS ISO 11451-1:2015 BRITISH STANDARDNational forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of ISO 1
2、1451-1:2015.It supersedes BS ISO 11451-1:2005+A1:2008 which is withdrawn.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to TechnicalCommittee AUE/16, Data Communication (Road Vehicles).A list of organizations represented on this committee can beobtained on request to its secretary.This public
3、ation does not purport to include all the necessaryprovisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correctapplication. The British Standards Institution 2015. Published by BSI StandardsLimited 2015ISBN 978 0 580 81209 5ICS 33.100.20; 43.040.10Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer
4、immunity fromlegal obligations.This British Standard was published under the authority of theStandards Policy and Strategy Committee on 30 June 2015.Amendments issued since publicationDate Text affectedBS ISO 11451-1:2015 ISO 2015Road vehicles Vehicle test methods for electrical disturbances from na
5、rrowband radiated electromagnetic energy Part 1: General principles and terminologyVhicules routiers Mthodes dessai dun vhicule soumis des perturbations lectriques par rayonnement dnergie lectromagntique en bande troite Partie 1: Principes gnraux et terminologieINTERNATIONAL STANDARDISO11451-1Fourth
6、 edition2015-06-01Reference numberISO 11451-1:2015(E)BS ISO 11451-1:2015ISO 11451-1:2015(E)ii ISO 2015 All rights reservedCOPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT ISO 2015, Published in SwitzerlandAll rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwis
7、e in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the country of the requester.ISO copyright officeCh. d
8、e Blandonnet 8 CP 401CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva, SwitzerlandTel. +41 22 749 01 11Fax +41 22 749 09 47copyrightiso.orgwww.iso.orgBS ISO 11451-1:2015ISO 11451-1:2015(E)Foreword ivIntroduction v1 Scope . 12 Normative references 13 Terms and definitions . 14 General aim and practical use 55 General test co
9、nditions 65.1 General . 65.2 Test temperature . 75.3 Supply voltage 75.3.1 Vehicle Low Voltage (LV) power supply. 75.3.2 Hybrid or electric vehicle not connected to power mains . 75.3.3 Hybrid or electric vehicle in charging mode (AC or DC) . 75.4 Modulation . 75.5 Dwell time . 85.6 Frequency step s
10、izes 85.7 Definition of test severity levels . 95.8 Disturbance application 96 Instrumentation 96.1 AN, AMN, and AAN . 96.2 Test signal quality . 97 Test procedure .107.1 Test plan . 107.2 Test methods 107.2.1 General. 107.2.2 Substitution . 107.2.3 Closed loop levelling 117.2.4 Vehicle immunity mea
11、surement . 117.3 Test report 12Annex A (normative) Function Performance Status Classification (FPSC) 13Annex B (normative) Artificial Networks (AN), Artificial Mains Networks (AMN) and Asymmetric Artificial Networks (AAN) 16Annex C (informative) Constant peak test level .22Bibliography .25 ISO 2015
12、All rights reserved iiiContents PageBS ISO 11451-1:2015ISO 11451-1:2015(E)ForewordISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO tec
13、hnical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closel
14、y with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria nee
15、ded for the different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives). Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
16、 rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents). Any trade name used i
17、n this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not constitute an endorsement.For an explanation on the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISOs adherence to the WTO principles in the Technical Barrie
18、rs to Trade (TBT) see the following URL: Foreword - Supplementary informationThe committee responsible for this document is ISO/TC 22, Road vehicles, Subcommittee SC 32, Electrical and electronic components and general system aspects.This fourth edition cancels and replaces the third edition (ISO 11
19、451-1:2005), which has been technically revised. It also incorporates the Amendment ISO 11451-1:2005/Amd 1:2008.ISO 11451 consists of the following parts, under the general title Road vehicles Vehicle test methods for electrical disturbances from narrowband radiated electromagnetic energy: Part 1: G
20、eneral principles and terminology Part 2: Off-vehicle radiation sources Part 3: On-board transmitter simulation Part 4: Bulk current injection (BCI)iv ISO 2015 All rights reservedBS ISO 11451-1:2015ISO 11451-1:2015(E)IntroductionIn recent years, an increasing number of electronic devices for control
21、ling, monitoring, and displaying a variety of functions have been introduced into vehicle designs. It is necessary to consider the electrical and electromagnetic environment in which these devices operate.Electrical and radio-frequency disturbances occur during the normal operation of many items of
22、motor vehicle equipment. They are generated over a wide frequency range with various electrical characteristics and can be distributed to on-board electronic devices and systems by conduction, radiation, or both. Narrowband signals generated from sources on or off the vehicle can also be coupled int
23、o the electrical and electronic system, affecting the normal performance of electronic devices. Such sources of narrowband electromagnetic disturbances include mobile radios and broadcast transmitters.The characteristics of the immunity of a vehicle to radiated disturbances have to be established. I
24、SO 11451 provides various test methods for the evaluation of vehicle immunity characteristics (not all methods need be used to test a vehicle).ISO 11451 is not intended as a product specification and cannot function as one (see A.1). Therefore, no specific values for the test severity level are give
25、n.Annex A specifies a general method for function performance status classification (FPSC), Annex B specifies Artificial Networks (AN), Artificial Mains Networks (AMN) and Asymmetric Artificial Networks (AAN), while annex C explains the principle of constant peak test level. Typical severity levels
26、are included in an annex of each of the other parts of ISO 11451.Protection from potential disturbances needs to be considered in a total system validation, and this can be achieved using the various parts of ISO 11451.NOTE Immunity measurements of complete vehicles are generally able to be carried
27、out only by the vehicle manufacturer, owing to, for example, high costs of absorber-lined shielded enclosures, the desire to preserve the secrecy of prototypes or a large number of different vehicle models. ISO 11452 specifies test methods for the analysis of component immunity, which are better sui
28、ted for supplier use. ISO 2015 All rights reserved vBS ISO 11451-1:2015BS ISO 11451-1:2015Road vehicles Vehicle test methods for electrical disturbances from narrowband radiated electromagnetic energy Part 1: General principles and terminology1 ScopeThis part of ISO 11451 specifies general condition
29、s, defines terms, gives practical guidelines, and establishes the basic principles of the vehicle tests used in the other parts of ISO 11451, for determining the immunity of passenger cars and commercial vehicles to electrical disturbances from narrowband radiated electromagnetic energy, regardless
30、of the vehicle propulsion system (e.g. spark-ignition engine, diesel engine, electric motor).The electromagnetic disturbances considered are limited to continuous narrowband electromagnetic fields. A wide frequency range (0,01 MHz to 18 000 MHz) is allowed for the immunity testing in this and the ot
31、her parts of ISO 11451.2 Normative referencesThe following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced documen
32、t (including any amendments) applies.CISPR 16-1-2, Specification for radio disturbance and immunity measuring apparatus and methods Part 1-2: Radio disturbance and immunity measuring apparatus Ancillary equipment Conducted disturbances; Edition 1.2.3 Terms and definitionsFor the purposes of this doc
33、ument, the following terms and definitions apply.3.1absorber-lined shielded enclosureshielded enclosure/screened room with radio frequency absorbing material on its internal ceiling and wallsNote 1 to entry: The common practice is for the room to have a metallic floor, but absorbing material can als
34、o be used on the floor.3.2amplitude modulationAMprocess by which the amplitude of a carrier wave is varied following a specified law, resulting in an AM signalINTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 11451-1:2015(E) ISO 2015 All rights reserved 1BS ISO 11451-1:2015ISO 11451-1:2015(E)3.3artificial mains networkAMN
35、provides a defined impedance to the EUT at radio frequencies, couples the disturbance voltage to the measuring receiver, and decouples the test circuit from the supply mainsNote 1 to entry: There are two basic types of AMN, the V-network (V-AMN) which couples the unsymmetrical voltages and the delta
36、-network which couples the symmetric and the asymmetric voltages separately. The terms line impedance stabilization network (LISN) and V-AMN are used.Note 2 to entry: This network is inserted in the power mains of the vehicle in charging mode and provides, in a given frequency range, a specified loa
37、d impedance and which isolates the vehicle from the power mains in that frequency range.3.4artificial networkANnetwork inserted in the supply lead or signal/load lead of apparatus to be tested which provides, in a given frequency range, a specified load impedance for the measurement of disturbance v
38、oltages and which can isolate the apparatus from the supply or signal sources/loads in that frequency rangeNote 1 to entry: This network is inserted in the DC power lines of the vehicle in charging mode and provides, in a given frequency range, a specified load impedance and which isolates the vehic
39、le from the DC power supply in that frequency range.3.5asymmetric artificial networkAANnetwork used to measure (or inject) asymmetric (common mode) voltages on unshielded symmetric signal (e.g. telecommunication) lines while rejecting the symmetric (differential mode) signalNote 1 to entry: This net
40、work is inserted in the communication/signal lines of the vehicle in charging mode to provide a specific load impedance and/or a decoupling (e.g. between communication/signal lines and power mains).3.6bonded (ground connection and DC resistance)grounding connection where the purpose of the bonding i
41、s to provide the lowest possible impedance (resistance and inductance) connection between two metallic parts with a d.c. resistance which shall not exceed 2,5 mNote 1 to entry: A low current (100 mA) 4-wire milliohm meter is recommended for this measurement.3.7bulk currenttotal amount of common mode
42、 current in a harness3.8compression pointinput signal level at which the measurement system becomes non-linearNote 1 to entry: When the measurement system is non-linear, the output value will deviate from the value given by an ideal linear system.3.9couplingmeans or device for transferring power bet
43、ween systemsSOURCE: IEC 60050-7262 ISO 2015 All rights reservedBS ISO 11451-1:2015ISO 11451-1:2015(E)3.10current injection probedevice for injecting current in a conductor without interrupting the conductor and without introducing significant impedance into the associated circuits3.11current (measur
44、ing) probedevice for measuring the current in a conductor without interrupting the conductor and without introducing significant impedance into the associated circuitsSOURCE: IEC 60050-1613.12degradation (of performance)undesired departure in the operational performance of any device, equipment, or
45、system from its intended performanceNote 1 to entry: The term “degradation” can apply to temporary or permanent failure.SOURCE: IEC 60050-1613.13dual directional couplerfour-port device consisting of two transmission lines coupled together in such a manner that a single travelling wave in any one tr
46、ansmission line will induce a single travelling wave in the other, the direction of propagation of the latter wave being dependent upon that of the formerSOURCE: IEC 60050-7263.14electromagnetic compatibilityEMCability of equipment or system to function satisfactorily in its electromagnetic environm
47、ent without introducing intolerable electromagnetic disturbance to anything in that environmentSOURCE: IEC 60050-1613.15electromagnetic disturbanceany electromagnetic phenomenon which can degrade the performance of a device, equipment, or system or adversely affect living or inert matterEXAMPLE An e
48、lectromagnetic disturbance can be an electromagnetic noise, an unwanted signal, or a change in the propagation medium itself.SOURCE: IEC 60050-1613.16electromagnetic interferenceEMIdegradation of the performance of equipment, transmission channel, or system caused by electromagnetic disturbanceNote
49、1 to entry: The English words “interference” and “disturbance” are often used indiscriminately.SOURCE: IEC 60050-161 ISO 2015 All rights reserved 3BS ISO 11451-1:2015ISO 11451-1:2015(E)3.17(electromagnetic) susceptibilityinability of a device, equipment, or system to perform without degradation in the presence of an electromagnetic disturbanceNote 1 to entry: Susceptibility is the lack of immunity.SOURCE: IEC 60050-1613.18forward powerpower supplied by the output of an amplifier or generator3.19ground (refe
