1、BRITISH STANDARD BS ISO 14943:2004 Nuclear fuel technology Administrative criteria related to nuclear criticality safety ICS 27.120.20 BS ISO 14943:2004 This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 20 October 2004 BSI 20 October 2004 ISBN
2、0 580 44626 3 National foreword This British Standard reproduces verbatim ISO 14943:2004 and implements it as the UK national standard. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee NCE/9, Nuclear fuel cycle technology, which has the responsibility to: A list of organi
3、zations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary. Cross-references The British Standards which implement international publications referred to in this document may be found in the BSI Catalogue under the section entitled “International Standards Correspondence Index
4、”, or by using the “Search” facility of the BSI Electronic Catalogue or of British Standards Online. This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confe
5、r immunity from legal obligations. aid enquirers to understand the text; present to the responsible international/European committee any enquiries on the interpretation, or proposals for change, and keep the UK interests informed; monitor related international and European developments and promulgat
6、e them in the UK. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, the ISO title page, pages ii to iv, pages 1 to 5 and a back cover. The BSI copyright notice displayed in this document indicates when the document was last issued. Amendments issued since publication Amd
7、. No. Date Comments Reference number ISO 14943:2004(E) OSI 4002INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 14943 First edition 2004-10-01 Nuclear fuel technology Administrative criteria related to nuclear criticality safety Technologie du combustible nuclaire Critres administratifs concernant la sret-criticit nuclai
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11、t ta the serddaig sleb nevwo. ISO 4002 All irthgs erse.devr lnUeto sswrehise specified, on trap fo this lbupictaion maeb y cudorperro de tuilizi den yna form ro na ybm ynae,s lecetrinoc ro mecinahcal, inclidung tohpcoiypodna gn micrfoilm, wittuoh repmissii non writign from ietI rehSa Ot tsserdda eh
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13、2 All irthgs ersedevr iiiForeword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested i
14、n a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commis
15、sion (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical
16、 committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall
17、 not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO 14943 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 85, Nuclear energy, Subcommittee SC 5, Nuclear fuel technology. BSISO14943:2004IS:34941 O4002(E) iv I SO 4002 All irthgs ersedevrIntroduction An effective nuclear criticality-
18、safety programme includes cooperation among management, supervision, and the nuclear criticality-safety staff and, for each employee, relies upon conformance with operating procedures. Although the extent and complexity of safety-related activities may vary greatly with the size and type of operatio
19、n with fissile material, certain safety elements are common. This International Standard represents a codification of such elements related to nuclear criticality safety. General guidance for nuclear criticality safety may be found in ISO 1709. BSISO14943:2004INTENRATIONAL TSANDADR IS:34941 O4002(E)
20、I SO 4002 All irthgs ersedevr 1Nuclear fuel technology Administrative criteria related to nuclear criticality safety 1 Scope This International Standard provides criteria for the administration of nuclear criticality-safety-related activities for operations which take place outside of reactors and f
21、or which there exists a potential for criticality accidents. The responsibilities of management, supervision, and the nuclear criticality-safety staff are addressed. The Objectives and characteristics of operating and emergency procedures are included in this International Standard. 2 Responsibiliti
22、es 2.1 Management Management shall formulate a nuclear criticality-safety policy and make it known to all employees involved in operations with fissile material. Management shall accept overall responsibility for nuclear criticality safety of operations. Management shall assign responsibility and de
23、legate commensurate authority to implement the established policy. Responsibility for nuclear criticality safety should be assigned in a manner that is no less rigorous than for other safety disciplines. Management shall provide nuclear criticality-safety staff, familiar with the physics of nuclear
24、criticality and with associated safety practices, to furnish technical guidance appropriate to the scope of operations. This function should, to the extent practicable, be administratively independent of operations. Management shall establish a means for monitoring the nuclear criticality-safety pro
25、gramme. Management shall establish a defined process and an equipment change control procedure. Management shall be involved in periodic reviews of their nuclear criticality-safety programme effectiveness. Management shall establish operation procedures and their modification. 2.2 Operations supervi
26、sors Each supervisor shall accept responsibility for the safety of operations under his/her control. Each supervisor shall be aware of the controlled parameters and associated limits relevant to operations under his/her control. Additionally, they shall have a working knowledge of relevant basic cri
27、ticality methods of control (e.g. mass, concentration, shape, etc.). Training and assistance with regard to these basic criticality methods of control should be obtained from the nuclear criticality-safety staff. BSISO14943:2004IS:34941 O4002(E) 2 I SO 4002 All irthgs ersedevrEach supervisor shall p
28、rovide training and shall require that the personnel under his/her supervision have an understanding of procedures and safety considerations such that they may be expected to perform their functions without undue risk. Records of training activities and verification of personnel understanding should
29、 be maintained. Each supervisor shall develop, or participate in the development of, written procedures applicable to the operations under their control. Maintenance of these procedures to reflect changes in operations shall be a continuing supervisory responsibility. Each supervisor, with the help
30、of the nuclear criticality-safety staff as needed, shall verify compliance with nuclear criticality-safety specifications for new or modified processes or equipment before their application. Verification may be based on inspection reports or other features of the quality-control system. Each supervi
31、sor shall require conformance with good safety practices, including unambiguous identification of fissile materials and good housekeeping. 2.3 Nuclear criticality-safety staff The nuclear criticality-safety staff shall provide and accept responsibility for documented nuclear criticaity- safety guida
32、nce for the design of equipment and processes and for the development of operating procedures. The staff shall maintain familiarity with current developments in nuclear criticality-safety standards and guides. Knowledge of current nuclear criticality information and computational codes should be mai
33、ntained. The staff should consult knowledgeable individuals to obtain technical assistance as needed. The staff shall maintain familiarity with all fissionable material operations within their area of responsiblity for nuclear criticality safety. The staff shall assist supervision, on request, in tr
34、aining personnel. The staff shall conduct, or participate in, audits of nuclear criticality-safety practices and compliance with procedures as directed by management. The staff, with supervision, shall conduct or participate in the investigation of procedural violations and other deficiencies for po
35、ssible improvement of safety practices and procedural requirements as directed by management. The nuclear criticality-safety staff shall, upon request, participate in the verification of compliance with nuclear criticality-safety specifications for intended new or modified processes or equipment. 3
36、Operating procedures The purpose of written operating procedures is to facilitate and to document the safe and efficient conduct of the operations. Procedures should be organized for convenient use by operators and be conveniently available. They should be free of extraneous information not relevant
37、 to safe and efficient conduct of the operation. Procedures shall include those controls and limits that are significant to the nuclear criticality safety of the operation and identify them as such. Supplementing and revising procedures, as improvements become desirable, shall be facilitated. Curren
38、tly used procedures shall be reviewed periodically by supervision. Intended new or revised procedures impacting nuclear criticality safety shall be reviewed by the nuclear criticality-safety staff and supervision and shall be approved by management. BSISO14943:2004IS:34941 O4002(E) I SO 4002 All irt
39、hgs ersedevr 3Procedures should be supplemented by posted nuclear criticality-safety limits or limits incorporated in operating check lists, flow sheets, or automated control systems. Deviations from operating procedures and unforeseen alterations in process conditions that affect nuclear criticalit
40、y safety shall be reported to supervision and management, investigated promptly, corrected as appropriate, and documented. Action shall be taken to prevent a recurrence. Operations shall be reviewed frequently (at least annually) to ascertain that procedures are being followed and that process condi
41、tions have not been altered so as to affect the nuclear criticality-safety evaluation. 4 Process evaluation for nuclear criticality safety Before starting a new operation with fissile material or before an existing operation is changed, it shall be determined and documented that the entire process w
42、ill be subcritical under both normal and credible abnormal conditions. The nuclear criticality-safety evaluation shall determine and explicitly identify the controlled parameters and their associated limits upon which nuclear criticality safety depends. The effect of changes in these parameters, or
43、in the conditions to which they apply, shall be evaluated and documented. The nuclear criticality-safety evaluation shall be documented with sufficient detail, clarity, and lack of ambiguity to allow an independent judgment of results. All equipment, procedures, data and methods of evaluation which
44、are important to a nuclear criticality-safety evaluation shall be valid for their stated purpose. Before starting a new operation with fissile material or before an existing operation is changed, there shall be an independent review that confirms the adequacy of the nuclear criticality-safety evalua
45、tion. 5 Materials control The movement of fissile materials shall be controlled as specified in approved procedures. The transport of fissile materials within the public domain shall comply with appropriate national and international regulations. Appropriate material identification shall be maintain
46、ed. Personnel access to areas where fissile material is handled, processed, or stored shall be controlled. Control of spacing, mass, density and geometry of fissile material shall be maintained to assure subcriticality under all normal and credible abnormal conditions as stated in the nuclear critic
47、ality-safety evaluation documentation. Appropriate arrangements shall be made between the consignor and consignee before fissile material is dispatched from an establishment. Any discrepancies observed upon receipt shall be resolved. Provision shall be made for the receipt of damaged packages. 6 Pla
48、nned response to nuclear criticality accidents Guidance for use of nuclear criticality accident alarm systems and equipment design may be obtained from ISO 7753 and IEC 60860. Emergency procedures shall be prepared and approved by management. Organizations, on- and off-site, that are expected to pro
49、vide assistance during emergencies shall be informed of conditions that might be encountered. These organizations should be assisted by facility staff in preparing suitable emergency- response procedures. BSISO14943:2004IS:34941 O4002(E) 4 I SO 4002 All irthgs ersedevrEmergency procedures shall clearly designate evacuation routes. Evacuation should follow the quickest and most direct routes practicable, with consideration for reducing radiation exposure. Th
