1、BSI Standards PublicationBS ISO 15968:2016Direct reduced iron Determination of apparentdensity and water absorptionof hot briquetted iron (HBI)BS ISO 15968:2016 BRITISH STANDARDNational forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of ISO 15968:2016.The UK participation in its preparation w
2、as entrusted to TechnicalCommittee ISE/58, Iron ores.A list of organizations represented on this committee can beobtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessaryprovisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correctapplication. The British
3、Standards Institution 2016.Published by BSI Standards Limited 2016ISBN 978 0 580 86694 4ICS 73.060.10Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity fromlegal obligations.This British Standard was published under the authority of theStandards Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 January 201
4、6.Amendments/corrigenda issued since publicationDate T e x t a f f e c t e dBS ISO 15968:2016 ISO 2016Direct reduced iron Determination of apparent density and water absorption of hot briquetted iron (HBI)Minerais de fer prrduits Dtermination de la masse volumique apparente et de labsorption deau du
5、 fer briquet chaudINTERNATIONAL STANDARDISO15968Second edition2016-02-01Reference numberISO 15968:2016(E)BS ISO 15968:2016ISO 15968:2016(E)ii ISO 2016 All rights reservedCOPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT ISO 2016, Published in SwitzerlandAll rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this pu
6、blication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the co
7、untry of the requester.ISO copyright officeCh. de Blandonnet 8 CP 401CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva, SwitzerlandTel. +41 22 749 01 11Fax +41 22 749 09 47copyrightiso.orgwww.iso.orgBS ISO 15968:2016ISO 15968:2016(E)Foreword ivIntroduction v1 Scope . 12 Normative references 13 Terms and definitions . 14 Prin
8、ciple 15 Sample, sample preparation and preparation of test portions . 15.1 Sampling and sample preparation . 15.2 Preparation of test portions 16 Apparatus . 26.1 General . 27 Procedure. 37.1 Number of determinations for the test 37.2 Density determination . 38 Expression of results 38.1 Calculatio
9、n of the apparent density (a) 38.2 Calculation of the water absorption (a) 48.3 Repeatability and acceptance of test results . 49 Test report . 47 Verification . 5Annex A (normative) Flowsheet of the procedure for the acceptance of test results 7 ISO 2016 All rights reserved iiiContents PageBS ISO 1
10、5968:2016ISO 15968:2016(E)ForewordISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested i
11、n a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commis
12、sion (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the different types of ISO documents sho
13、uld be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for id
14、entifying any or all such patent rights. Details of any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents). Any trade name used in this document is information given for the conv
15、enience of users and does not constitute an endorsement.For an explanation on the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISOs adherence to the WTO principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see the following URL: Foreword
16、 - Supplementary informationThe committee responsible for this document is ISO/TC 102, Iron ore and direct reduced iron, Subcommittee SC 3, Physical testing.This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 15968:2000), which has been technically revised with the following changes: to
17、homogenize its structure and wording with other physical test standards; to contemplate the outcomes of the studies on mass definition.iv ISO 2016 All rights reservedBS ISO 15968:2016ISO 15968:2016(E)IntroductionThis test method has been developed to determine the apparent density and water absorpti
18、on of direct reduced iron in the form of hot briquetted iron (HBI).Results of this test have to be considered in conjunction with other tests used to evaluate the quality of products from direct reduction processes.This International Standard can be used to provide test results as part of a producti
19、on quality control system, as a basis of a contract or as part of a research project.The apparent density measured in this test can be used to certify that the HBI meets the apparent density requirements of the International Maritime Organization (IMO) Code of Safe Practice for Solid Bulk Cargoes. I
20、SO 2016 All rights reserved vBS ISO 15968:2016BS ISO 15968:2016Direct reduced iron Determination of apparent density and water absorption of hot briquetted iron (HBI)CAUTION This International Standard may involve hazardous operations and equipment. This International Standard does not purport to ad
21、dress all of the safety issues associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this International Standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to its use.1 ScopeThis International Standard specifies a m
22、ethod of determining the apparent density and water absorption of direct reduced iron by immersion in water.This International Standard is applicable to hot briquetted iron (HBI).2 Normative referencesThe following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are i
23、ndispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.ISO 3310-1, Test sieves Technical requirements and testing Part 1: Test sieves of metal wire clothISO 3310-
24、2, Test sieves Technical requirements and testing Part 2: Test sieves of perforated metal plateISO 10835, Direct reduced iron and hot briquetted iron Sampling and sample preparationISO 11323, Iron ore and direct reduced iron Vocabulary3 Terms and definitionsFor the purposes of this document, the ter
25、ms and definitions given in ISO 11323 apply.4 PrincipleDried briquettes are weighed in air, soaked in water, surface-dried and weighed again: first in air and then in water. The apparent density and water absorption are determined by water absorption method.5 Sample, sample preparation and preparati
26、on of test portions5.1 Sampling and sample preparationSampling of a lot of HBI and sample preparation shall be in accordance with ISO 10835.A test sample of a sufficient quantity to provide at least 100 briquettes shall be obtained.Sieve the test sample by hand on a 40 mm test sieve to discard any 4
27、0 mm material.5.2 Preparation of test portionsSpread the test sample on a smooth and flat plate to form a single layer of briquettes, in the shape of a rectangle.INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 15968:2016(E) ISO 2016 All rights reserved 1BS ISO 15968:2016ISO 15968:2016(E)At least 4 test portions, each of
28、 at least 6 briquettes, shall be prepared by taking at random single briquettes.Oven-dry the test portion chosen for testing to constant mass at 105 C 5 C. Cool the test portion in air to room temperature and remove any adhering dust from the individual briquettes with a soft brush, or by gently blo
29、wing with compressed air.6 Apparatus6.1 GeneralThe test apparatus shall comprise the following:a) ordinary laboratory equipment, such as an oven, hand tools and safety equipment;b) two vessels;c) suspension device;d) test sieves;e) weighing device.Figure 1 shows an example of the test apparatus.6.2
30、Two vessels, to contain water, one for soaking the briquettes in water and the other for weighing soaked briquettes in water on a top loading balance.The second vessel should be large enough to ensure that the suspended briquette, or a wire basket holding the briquettes, is completely submerged and
31、does not touch the sides or bottom of the vessel, e.g. a vessel, 200 mm in diameter by 200 mm high, is sufficient for the basket specified in 6.4.6.3 Suspension device, to allow the test pieces to be suspended and weighed in water.6.4 Suspension wire or wire basket, to support the briquettes when su
32、spended from the suspension device.NOTE A wire basket, 150 mm in diameter by 100 mm high, is sufficient to hold a test portion of 6 typical briquettes.6.5 Water, free from any impurity (for example dissolved air) that would significantly affect its density.In case of doubt, use distilled or deionize
33、d water, or filtered water that has been freshly boiled.6.6 Balance, top loading, capable of weighing the vessel with the water soaked briquettes and an accuracy of 0,1 g.6.7 Cloth or paper towel, to surface-dry the test piece.6.8 Thermometer, adequate to measure the temperature of the water used fo
34、r immersion.6.9 Test sieve, conforming to ISO 3310-1 or ISO 3310-2 and having square aperture with a nominal size of 40,0 mm.6.10 Weighing device, capable of weighing the test sample and test portions to an accuracy of 1 g.2 ISO 2016 All rights reservedBS ISO 15968:2016ISO 15968:2016(E)7 Procedure7.
35、1 Number of determinations for the testCarry out the test as many times as required by the procedure in Annex A.7.2 Density determinationTake, at random, one of the test portions prepared in 5.2. The briquettes in the test portion may either all be tested at the same time or be tested individually i
36、n random order and the results averaged.Determine and record the mass (m1) of the test portion.Soak the dried briquettes of the test portion in a vessel (6.2) containing water at a temperature of 22 C 5 C. The briquettes may be soaked all at one time or individually. Completely submerge them in the
37、water to soak, and turn or jiggle them occasionally to help remove air bubbles. Allow the briquettes to remain submerged until all air bubbling stops. This may take up to 60 min.Remove the soaked briquettes from the vessel. Let them drain momentarily and then gently surface-dry them with paper towel
38、s (6.7) or a damp towel taking care not to draw water out of any of the pores. Place them on a weighing device (6.10) and immediately weigh. Determine and record the total mass (m2) of all the soaked briquettes in the test portion.Determine the mass of soaked briquettes in water. Two methods are all
39、owed for this step.Method 1 Testing of entire test portion Wire basket methodPlace a vessel containing water at 22 C 5 C on a top loading balance and tare to zero. Note that the vessel shall have enough freeboard to accommodate the water that will be displaced by the test portion without overflowing
40、 (approximately 600 ml for 6 average-sized briquettes).Suspend the empty wire basket (6.4) in the water. Record the balance reading (m3).Vertically raise the wire basket out of the water and place each of the previously weighed surface-dried soaked briquettes into the basket, being careful not to sp
41、lash any water out of the vessel. Lower the basket containing the briquettes back into the water. Ensure that the briquettes are completely submerged and that the cage hangs free and does not touch the sides or bottom of the vessel. There should be no air bubbling and the weight should be constant i
42、mmediately. Record the balance reading (m4).Method 2 Testing individual briquettes Wire suspension methodPlace a vessel containing water at 22 C 5 C on a top loading balance and tare to zero. Suspend individually the previously weighed surface-dried soaked briquettes in the tared vessel. Completely
43、submerge each briquette in the water making sure that it hangs free and does not touch the sides or the bottom of the vessel. There should be no air bubbling and the weight should be constant immediately. Record the balance reading m5(1). Repeat the operation for each briquette in the test portion a
44、nd record the balance reading for each briquette, m5 (2), m5 (6). Sum the masses of the 6 briquettes and record the result (m5).8 Expression of results8.1 Calculation of the apparent density (a)The apparent density, a, is calculated from Formula (1) or Formula (2):a) Wire basket method awmmm=143()(1
45、) ISO 2016 All rights reserved 3BS ISO 15968:2016ISO 15968:2016(E)b) Wire suspension method awmm=15(2)wherem1is the mass in air, in grams, of the dried briquettes;m3is the mass, in grams, of the empty wire basket immersed in water;m4is the mass, in grams, of the soaked briquette plus wire basket imm
46、ersed in water;m5is the sum of the masses, in grams, of the six soaked briquette immersed in water;wis the water density, in g/cm3.Record the results of the density determinations of each test portion (at least 6 briquettes) to 2 decimal places.8.2 Calculation of the water absorption (a)The water ab
47、sorption, a, expressed as a percentage of the dry mass, is calculated from Formula (3):ammm=()211100 (3)wherem1is the mass in air, in grams, of the dried briquettes;m2is the mass in air, in grams, of the surface-dried soaked briquettes.Express the result rounded off to the nearest 0,1 %.8.3 Repeatab
48、ility and acceptance of test resultsFollow the procedure in Annex A by using the repeatability r = 0,2 (g/cm3) for apparent density. Results shall be reported to two decimal places. Repeatability for the water absorption, a, can be neglected.9 Test reportThe test report shall include the following i
49、nformation:a) a reference to this International Standard, e.g. ISO 15968;b) all details necessary for the identification of the sample;c) the name and address of the test laboratory;d) the date of the test;e) the date of the test report;f) the signature of the person responsible for the test;g) the details of any operation and any test conditions not specified in this International Standard or regarded as optional, as well as any incident which may have had an influence on the results;h)
