1、BS ISO 16620-1:2015Plastics Biobased contentPart 1: General principlesBS ISO 16620-1:2015 BRITISH STANDARDNational forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of ISO 16620-1:2015.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to TechnicalCommittee PRI/21, Testing of plastics.A list
2、 of organizations represented on this committee can beobtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessaryprovisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correctapplication. The British Standards Institution 2015. Published by BSI StandardsLimit
3、ed 2015ISBN 978 0 580 84621 2ICS 83.080.01Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity fromlegal obligations.This British Standard was published under the authority of theStandards Policy and Strategy Committee on 30 April 2015.Amendments issued since publicationDate Text affectedBS ISO
4、 16620-1:2015 ISO 2015Plastics Biobased content Part 1: General principlesPlastiques Teneur biosource Partie 1: Principes gnrauxINTERNATIONAL STANDARDISO16620-1First edition2015-04-01Reference numberISO 16620-1:2015(E)BS ISO 16620-1:2015ISO 16620-1:2015(E)ii ISO 2015 All rights reservedCOPYRIGHT PRO
5、TECTED DOCUMENT ISO 2015All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Per
6、mission can be requested from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the country of the requester.ISO copyright officeCase postale 56 CH-1211 Geneva 20Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11Fax + 41 22 749 09 47E-mail copyrightiso.orgWeb www.iso.orgPublished in SwitzerlandBS ISO 16620-1:2015ISO 16620
7、-1:2015(E)Foreword ivIntroduction v1 Scope . 12 Normative references 13 Terms, definitions, and symbols 13.1 Terms and definitions . 13.2 Symbols . 34 Principle 35 Calculation methods for biobased content . 55.1 Biobased carbon content xBTOCand xBTC55.1.1 Biobased carbon content expressed as a perce
8、ntage of the total organic carbon 55.1.2 Biobased carbon content expressed as a percentage of the total carbon . 55.2 Biobased synthetic polymer content of a product . 65.2.1 Biobased synthetic polymers of product derived wholly from biomass . 65.2.2 Biobased synthetic polymers of product derived pa
9、rtly from biomass . 65.3 Biobased mass content 75.3.1 Biobased constituents of product derived wholly from biomass 75.3.2 Biobased constituents of product derived partly from biomass 7Annex A (informative) Examples for calculation of biobased carbon content 8Annex B (informative) Examples for calcul
10、ation of biobased synthetic polymer content and biobased mass content . 9Bibliography .11 ISO 2015 All rights reserved iiiContents PageBS ISO 16620-1:2015ISO 16620-1:2015(E)ForewordISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO me
11、mber bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governme
12、ntal and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance
13、 are described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).Attention i
14、s drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/o
15、r on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents).Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not constitute an endorsement.For an explanation on the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to conformity asse
16、ssment, as well as information about ISOs adherence to the WTO principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT), see the following URL: Foreword Supplementary information .The committee responsible for this document is ISO/TC 61, Plastics, Subcommittee SC 5, Physical-chemical properties.ISO 16620
17、 consists of the following parts, under the general title Plastics Biobased content: Part 1: General principles Part 2: Determination of biobased carbon content Part 3: Determination of biobased synthetic polymer contentThe following parts are under preparation: Part 4: Determination of the biobased
18、 mass content Part 5: Declaration of biobased carbon content, biobased synthetic polymer content and biobased mass contentiv ISO 2015 All rights reservedBS ISO 16620-1:2015ISO 16620-1:2015(E)IntroductionIncreased use of biomass resources for manufacturing plastic products is effective in reducing gl
19、obal warming and the depletion of fossil resources.Current plastic products are composed of biobased synthetic polymers, fossil-based synthetic polymers, natural polymers, and additives that can include biobased materials.Biobased plastics refer to plastics that contain materials, wholly or partly o
20、f biogenic origin.In this series of International Standards, the biobased content of biobased plastics refers to the amount of the biobased carbon content, the amount of the biobased synthetic polymer content, or the amount of the biobased mass content only. ISO 2015 All rights reserved vBS ISO 1662
21、0-1:2015BS ISO 16620-1:2015Plastics Biobased content Part 1: General principles1 ScopeThis part of ISO 16620 specifies the general principles and the calculation methods for determining the amount of biobased content in plastic products. These calculation methods are based on the carbon mass or mass
22、 of each constituent present in the plastic products.This part of ISO 16620 is applicable to plastic products and plastic materials, polymer resins, monomers, or additives, which are made from biobased or fossil-based constituents.Knowing the biobased content of plastic products is useful when evalu
23、ating their environmental impact.2 Normative referencesThe following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenc
24、ed document (including any amendments) applies.ISO 472, Plastics VocabularyISO 16620-2, Plastics Biobased content Part 2: Determination of the biobased carbon contentISO 16620-3, Plastics Biobased content Part 3: Determination of biobased synthetic polymer contentISO 16620-41), Plastics Biobased con
25、tent Part 4: Determination of the biobased mass content3 Terms, definitions, and symbols3.1 Terms and definitionsFor the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 472 and the following apply.3.1.1biobased carbon contentamount of carbon derived from biomass present in the prod
26、uctNote 1 to entry: The biobased carbon content is expressed by a fraction of sample mass, as a fraction of the total carbon content, or as a fraction of the total organic carbon content.3.1.2biomassmaterial of biological origin excluding material embedded in geological formations and/or fossilised3
27、.1.3synthetic polymerpolymer obtained through chemical and/or biological industrial processes1) To be published.INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 16620-1:2015(E) ISO 2015 All rights reserved 1BS ISO 16620-1:2015ISO 16620-1:2015(E)3.1.4biobased synthetic polymerpolymer obtained through chemical and/or biolo
28、gical industrial process(es), wholly or partly from biomass resourcesNote 1 to entry: Natural polymers are not classified as biobased synthetic polymers see 3.1.7.3.1.5biobased synthetic polymer contentmBSPamount of biobased synthetic polymer present in the productNote 1 to entry: The amount of biob
29、ased synthetic polymer in the product is expressed as a fraction or percent of the mass of biobased synthetic polymer to the total mass of the product.3.1.6carbon contentamount of carbon in the constituent, material, or product as a percent of the weight (mass)3.1.7natural polymerpolymer obtained fr
30、om biomass, in which the polymer retains the original chemical structure and composition present in biomassEXAMPLE Starch, cellulose, lignin, or lignocellulose.3.1.8productresins, material, or objects/articles resulting from a production processNote 1 to entry: Product can be a material, semi-finish
31、ed, or final product, for example, polyethylene resin derived from petroleum or biomass, bioPE film, PET resins, PET bottles, monomers, plasticisers.3.1.9total carbonTCquantity of carbon present in a sample in the form of organic, inorganic, and elemental carbon3.1.10total organic carbonTOCquantity
32、of carbon that is converted into carbon dioxide by combustion and which is not liberated as carbon dioxide by acid treatment3.1.11biobased mass contentmBtotal amount of biobased synthetic polymer, natural polymer, and biobased additives in a productNote 1 to entry: The total biobased mass content in
33、 a product is expressed as a fraction or percentage of the sum of the biobased synthetic polymer, natural polymer, and biobased additives to the total mass of the product.2 ISO 2015 All rights reservedBS ISO 16620-1:2015ISO 16620-1:2015(E)3.2 SymbolsxBTCbiobased carbon content by total carbon conten
34、t, expressed as a percentage of the total car-bon contentxBTOCbiobased carbon content by total organic carbon content, expressed as a percentage of the total organic carbon contentMxmass of carbon of constituent xWxmass of constituent x4 PrincipleA plastic product is typically composed of the follow
35、ing six constituents, as shown in Figure 1 a):a) synthetic polymer(s) composed of biobased synthetic polymer(s) (constituent A) and fossil-based synthetic polymer(s) (constituent B);b) natural polymer(s) (constituent C);c) additive(s) composed of biobased organic and/or inorganic additive(s) (consti
36、tuent D), fossil-based organic additive(s) (constituent E), and inorganic additive(s) (constituent F).For the purposes of ISO 16620, additives also include fillers.The biobased content of plastic products can be divided as follows:1) Biobased carbon content see Figure 1 b1) and b2) and 5.1 for the c
37、alculation method. Part 2 Biobased carbon content can be reported as the ratio of biobased carbon to total organic carbon xBTOCor ratio of biobased carbon to total carbon xBTCon a mass basis expressed as a percentage. In plastic products, inorganic compounds such as calcium carbonate are added from
38、a cost-performance benefit. Therefore, biobased carbon content calculations, with and without inorganic carbon, have been included. When biobased synthetic polymer and biobased additive are wholly biobased, all carbons in these constituents are biobased carbons see Figure 1 b1), 5.1.1.1, and 5.1.2.1
39、. In the case that these are partly biobased, carbons in these constituents are biobased and fossil-based carbons see Figure 1 b2), 5.1.1.2, and 5.1.2.2 .2) Biobased synthetic polymer content see Figure 1 c1) and c2) and 5.2 for the calculation method. Part 3 This reporting method takes into account
40、 the mass of the constituents rather than only the carbon. The biobased synthetic polymer content is calculated as the ratio of the biobased mass in the biobased synthetic polymer to total mass of the product expressed as a percentage. The total mass of product shall also include the mass of inorgan
41、ic carbon constituents. Manufacturers routinely use the mass content for production purposes and can readily calculate this value. When a biobased synthetic polymer is wholly biobased, the total mass of this constituent is biobased see Figure 1 c1) and 5.2.1. When this is partly biobased, part of th
42、e mass of this constituent is biobased see Figure 1 c2) and 5.2.2.3) Biobased mass content see Figure 1 d1) and d2) and 5.3 for the calculation method. Part 4 This reporting method identifies natural polymer constituents, in addition to biobased synthetic polymer constituents and biobased additives.
43、 The biobased mass content is then the ratio of the sum of the mass of natural polymer constituent + biobased synthetic polymer + biobased additives to the total mass of the product. The total mass of the product shall also include the mass of inorganic carbon constituents present in the product. Wh
44、en biobased synthetic polymer and biobased additive are wholly biobased, the total mass of these constituents is biobased see Figure 1 d1) and 5.3.1. When these are partly biobased, parts of the mass in these are biobased see Figure 1 d2) and 5.3.2. ISO 2015 All rights reserved 3BS ISO 16620-1:2015I
45、SO 16620-1:2015(E)a) Composition of plastic productb1) Biobased constituents of product derived wholly from biomassb2) Derived partly from biomassc1) Biobased synthetic polymers of product derived wholly from biomassc2) Derived partly from biomassd1) Biobased constituents of product derived wholly f
46、rom biomassd2) Derived partly from biomassKeyA biobased synthetic polymer M1 biobased carbonB fossil-based synthetic polymer M2 fossil-based carbonC natural polymer M3 inorganic carbonD biobased additive (organic and inorganic) W1 biobased synthetic polymerE fossil-based additive W2 biobased part of
47、 biobased synthetic polymerF non-biobased inorganic additive W3 biobased constituentW4 biobased part of biobased constituentFigure 1 Biobased content of a plastic product4 ISO 2015 All rights reservedBS ISO 16620-1:2015ISO 16620-1:2015(E)5 Calculation methods for biobased content5.1 Biobased carbon
48、content xBTOCand xBTC5.1.1 Biobased carbon content expressed as a percentage of the total organic carbon5.1.1.1 Biobased constituents of product derived wholly from biomassThe biobased carbon content, i.e. the amount of carbon of biomass origin see Figure 1 b1), is expressed as a percentage of the t
49、otal organic carbon and shall be calculated using Formula (1).xMMMMMMMMBTOC ACDABCDE=+100 (1)whereMA, MB, MC, MD,and MEare the carbon masses of the constituents A, B, C, D, and E, respectively.The carbon mass of the inorganic additive MFis not considered in Formula (1).The method for determining the biobased carbon content of products comprising biobased constituents derived wholly from biomass is specified in ISO 16620-2.5.1.1.2 Biobased constituents of product partly derived
