1、BSI Standards PublicationBS ISO 18061:2014Fine Ceramics (AdvancedCeramics, Advanced TechnicalCeramics) Determinationof antiviral activity ofsemiconducting photocatalyticmaterials Test method usingbacteriophage Q-betaBS ISO 18061:2014 BRITISH STANDARDNational forewordThis British Standard is the UK i
2、mplementation of ISO 18061:2014. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to TechnicalCommittee RPI/13, Advanced technical ceramics.A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the nece
3、ssary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. The British Standards Institution 2014.Published by BSI Standards Limited 2014ISBN 978 0 580 78772 0ICS 81.060.30Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations.This British Standard w
4、as published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 30 June 2014.Amendments/corrigenda issued since pub licationDate T e x t a f f e c t e dBS ISO 18061:2014 ISO 2014Fine Ceramics (Advanced Ceramics, Advanced Technical Ceramics) Determination of antiviral activity of s
5、emiconducting photocatalytic materials Test method using bacteriophage Q-betaCramiques techniques Dtermination de lactivit antivirale des matriaux photocatalytiques semi-conducteurs Mthode dessai utilisant le bactriophage Q-betaINTERNATIONAL STANDARDISO18061First edition2014-06-01Reference numberISO
6、 18061:2014(E)BS ISO 18061:2014ISO 18061:2014(E)ii ISO 2014 All rights reservedCOPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT ISO 2014All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including ph
7、otocopying, or posting on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the country of the requester.ISO copyright officeCase postale 56 CH-1211 Geneva 20Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11Fax + 41 22 749 09
8、47E-mail copyrightiso.orgWeb www.iso.orgPublished in SwitzerlandBS ISO 18061:2014ISO 18061:2014(E) ISO 2014 All rights reserved iiiContents PageForeword ivIntroduction v1 Scope . 12 Normative references 13 Terms and definitions . 14 Symbols 25 Principle 36 Materials . 36.1 Strains and preparation fo
9、r tests 36.2 Media . 57 Apparatus and equipment 67.1 Test equipment . 67.2 Cover film . 77.3 Moisture preservation glass plate 77.4 Glass tube or glass rod 77.5 Paper filter 77.6 Fluorescent ultraviolet lamp . 87.7 UV radiometer . 87.8 Punched metal sheet 87.9 Centrifuge 97.10 Sterilized syringe fil
10、ter unit . 98 Test piece 99 Procedure109.1 General 109.2 Procedure for preparation of bacteria suspension .109.3 Procedure of preparation of test bacteriophage solution .109.4 Procedure of test for photocatalytic antiviral activity .119.5 UV irradiation condition 119.6 Measurement of titre of bacter
11、iophage 1210 Calculation .1310.1 General 1310.2 Calculate titre of bacteriophage 1310.3 Test requirement fulfilment validation . 1310.4 Photocatalyst antiviral activity value calculation.1410.5 Antiviral activity value calculation without photocatalyst 1511 Test report 15Annex A (informative) Refere
12、nce data of comparison between influenza virus and bacteriophage Q-beta .16Annex B (informative) Comparison of photocatalytic activities determined using ATCC23631-B1 and NBRC20012 18BS ISO 18061:2014ISO 18061:2014(E)ForewordISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide fed
13、eration of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that comm
14、ittee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.The procedures used to develop this document an
15、d those intended for its further maintenance are described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Par
16、t 2 (see www.iso.org/directives). Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of any patent rights identified during the development of t
17、he document will be in the Introduction and/or on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents). Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not constitute an endorsement.For an explanation on the meaning of ISO specific te
18、rms and expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISOs adherence to the WTO principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see the following URL: Foreword - Supplementary informationThe committee responsible for this document is ISO/TC 206, Fine ceramics.iv ISO
19、2014 All rights reservedBS ISO 18061:2014ISO 18061:2014(E)IntroductionThis International Standard applies to testing the antiviral activity of photocatalytic ceramics and other materials produced by either coating or mixing of a photocatalyst. The International Standard for testing the antibacterial
20、 activity that use photocatalytic materials has been published as ISO 27447. The International Standard for testing the antifungal activity that use photocatalytic materials has also been published as ISO 13125.The test method for cloths or textiles is not included in this International Standard bec
21、ause of lack of photocatalytic cloths or textiles with antiviral activity using photocatalytic activity. When photocatalytic cloths or textiles with antiviral activity using photocatalytic activity have been developed, a test method for photocatalytic cloths or textiles will be proposed with the gla
22、ss adhesion method in ISO 27447. ISO 2014 All rights reserved vBS ISO 18061:2014BS ISO 18061:2014Fine Ceramics (Advanced Ceramics, Advanced Technical Ceramics) Determination of antiviral activity of semiconducting photocatalytic materials Test method using bacteriophage Q-betaWARNING Only personnel
23、trained in microbiological techniques should carry out tests.1 ScopeThe test method in this International Standard specifies the determination of the antiviral activity of materials that contain photocatalytic materials or have photocatalytic films on the surface, by enumerating the destruction of b
24、acteriophage Q-beta after irradiation of ultraviolet light.NOTE In this test method, the surrogate microbe is bacteriophage Q-beta, intended as a model for Influenza viruses.The test method in this International Standard is intended for use with different kinds of semiconducting photocatalytic mater
25、ials used in construction materials, in flat sheet, board, or plate shape that are the basic forms of materials for various applications. It does not include powder, granular, or porous photocatalytic materials.The test method in this International Standard is applicable to photocatalytic materials
26、produced for an antiviral application. Other types of performance of photocatalytic materials, i.e. antibacterial activity, antifungal activity, decomposition of water contaminants, self-cleaning, antifogging, and air purification, are not determined by this test method.The values expressed in this
27、International Standard are in accordance with the International System of Units (SI).2 Normative referencesThe following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For un
28、dated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.ISO 10677, Fine ceramics (advanced ceramics, advanced technical ceramics) Ultraviolet light source for testing semiconducting photocatalytic materialsISO 27447, Fine ceramics (advanced ceramics, advanc
29、ed technical ceramics) Test method for antibacterial activity of semiconducting photocatalytic materialsISO 80000-1, Quantities and units Part 1: General3 Terms and definitionsFor the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.3.1photocatalystsubstance that carries out many
30、 functions based on oxidization and reduction reactions under photoirradiation, including decomposition and removal of air and water contaminants, deodorization, and antiviral, antibacterial, antifungal, self-cleaning, and antifogging actionsINTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 18061:2014(E) ISO 2014 All righ
31、ts reserved 1BS ISO 18061:2014ISO 18061:2014(E)3.2photocatalytic materialsmaterials in which, or on which, the photocatalyst is added by coating, impregnation, mixing, etc.Note 1 to entry: Photocatalytic materials are used for building and road construction materials to obtain the functions mentione
32、d in 3.1.3.3antiviralcondition decreasing the infectivity of viruses on the surface of materials3.4bacteriophagetype of virus which infects bacteriaNote 1 to entry: The bacteriophage used in this test method is Q-beta that is one of F-specific RNA phages. The bacteriophage Q-beta is not pathogenic t
33、o humans and animals but serves to simulate Influenza viruses that are pathogenic to humans.Note 2 to entry: Example of test results with Influenza virus and bacteriophage Q-beta are given in Annex A.3.5plaquevisible, clear area which is theoretically the result of infection and lysis of host cells
34、by a single viable bacteriophage3.6photocatalyst antiviral activity valuedifference value between the logarithms of the total number of bacteriophage plaques on photocatalytic treated materials after UV irradiation and on non-treated materials after UV irradiationNote 1 to entry: This value includes
35、 the decrease of number of bacteriophage plaques without UV irradiation.3.7photocatalyst antiviral activity value for UV irradiationdifference between the logarithms of the total number of bacteriophage plaques on photocatalytic treated materials after UV irradiation and on photocatalytic treated ma
36、terials kept in the dark4 SymbolsA average of titre of bacteriophage on non-treated specimens, just after inoculationBDaverage of titre of bacteriophage on non-treated specimens, after being kept in a dark placeBLaverage of titre of bacteriophage on non-treated specimens, after UV irradiation of int
37、ensity LCDaverage of titre of bacteriophage on photocatalytic treated specimens, after being kept in a dark placeCLaverage of titre of bacteriophage on photocatalytic treated specimens, after UV irradiation of intensity LDFdilution factorL UV irradiation intensityLogmaxmaximum logarithmic value of t
38、itre of bacteriophageLogmeanaverage logarithmic value of titre of bacteriophage for three non-treated specimens2 ISO 2014 All rights reservedBS ISO 18061:2014ISO 18061:2014(E)Logminminimum logarithmic value of titre of bacteriophageN titre of bacteriophage (plaque forming unit)VDantiviral activity v
39、alue without photocatalyst, after being kept in a dark place on a testing materialVLphotocatalyst antiviral activity value, after irradiation at a constant intensity (L) on a photo-catalytic testing materialV photocatalyst antiviral activity value with UV irradiationZ average number of plaques in tw
40、o Petri dishes5 PrincipleThis test method is suitable for use in development, comparison, quality assurance, characterization, reliability, and design data generation of photocatalytic materials. The method is used to obtain the antiviral activity of photocatalytic materials by the contact of a spec
41、imen with bacteriophage under UV light irradiation. The method is suitable for use with flat sheet, board, or plate-shaped materials.The specimen of photocatalytic-treated material is inoculated with bacteriophage suspension and exposed to UV radiation of known intensity for a specified period. Foll
42、owing exposure, the test suspension is removed and measured by the plaque-forming method with Escherichia coli which is sensitive to bacteriophage Q-bata. The results obtained are compared with those obtained from inoculated specimens of non-photocatalytic treated material exposed to UV radiation un
43、der identical conditions to the treated material, and to those obtained from inoculated specimens of both photocatalytic-treated and non-treated material kept in the dark for the same period of time.6 Materials6.1 Strains and preparation for tests6.1.1 StrainsThe strains to be used in the test shall
44、 be the same as or equivalent to those described in Table 1 and are supplied by an entity that is registered under the World Federation for Culture Collections or the Japan Society for Culture Collections. Aseptic manipulations using microorganisms can be performed in an appropriate safety cabinet.T
45、able 1 Bacteriophage and bacteria strains to be used in testSpecies Strain number Organization for the collectionBacteriophage Q-beta ATCC 23631-B1 American Type Culture CollectionDSM 13768German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures (DSMZ)NBRC20012 NITE Biological Resource CenterEscherichi
46、a coli ATCC 23631 American Type Culture CollectionDSM 5210German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures (DSMZ)NBRC 106373 NITE Biological Resource CenterNOTE ATCC23631-B1 and NBRC20012 are not strictly the same but they are from the same origin and their photocatalytic activity effects is eq
47、uivalent, as shown in Annex B. ISO 2014 All rights reserved 3BS ISO 18061:2014ISO 18061:2014(E)6.1.2 Bacteria preparationa) Inoculate E. coli strain into a slant culture medium 6 ml to 10 ml of LB agar (see 6.2.6), incubate for 16 h to 24 h at (37 1) C, and then store in refrigerator at 5 C to 10 C.
48、b) Repeat subcultures within 1 month by replicating this process.c) The slant culture must not be used for further storing after 1 month.d) The maximum number of subcultures from the original strain transferred by culture collection is 10.NOTE In the case of bacteria stored in a deep freezer, the ma
49、ximum number of subcultures from the original strain transferred by culture collection is 10.6.1.3 Bacteriophage preparationa) Introduce 25 ml of LB broth with calcium (see 6.2.4) into a conical flask of 300 ml and inoculate with E. coli strain.b) Incubate for 18 h 2 h at (37 1) C while shaking at 110 min1 10 min1.c) Pre-warm 25 ml of LB broth with calcium in a 300 ml conical flask to 35 C to 37 C and inoculate with 0,025 ml of the culture prepared under item b).d) Incubate as above condition until a bacterial
