1、BSI Standards PublicationBS ISO 18611-2:2014Ships and marine technology Marine NOx reduction agentAUS 40Part 2: Test methodsBS ISO 18611-2:2014 BRITISH STANDARDNational forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of ISO 18611-2:2014.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to
2、 TechnicalCommittee SME/32/-/2, Ships and marine technology - Maritimeenvironment protection.A list of organizations represented on this committee can beobtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessaryprovisions of a contract. Users are responsible
3、for its correctapplication. The British Standards Institution 2014. Published by BSI StandardsLimited 2014ISBN 978 0 580 83575 9ICS 13.020.99; 47.020.99Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity fromlegal obligations.This British Standard was published under the authority of theStanda
4、rds Policy and Strategy Committee on 30 September 2014.Amendments issued since publicationDate Text affectedBS ISO 18611-2:2014 ISO 2014Ships and marine technology Marine NOx reduction agent AUS 40 Part 2: Test methodsNavires et technologie marine Agents rducteurs NOx marins AUS 40 Partie 2: Mthodes
5、 dessaiINTERNATIONAL STANDARDISO18611-2First edition2014-10-01Reference numberISO 18611-2:2014(E)BS ISO 18611-2:2014ISO 18611-2:2014(E)ii ISO 2014 All rights reservedCOPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT ISO 2014All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or
6、 utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the country of the requester.ISO cop
7、yright officeCase postale 56 CH-1211 Geneva 20Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11Fax + 41 22 749 09 47E-mail copyrightiso.orgWeb www.iso.orgPublished in SwitzerlandBS ISO 18611-2:2014ISO 18611-2:2014(E) ISO 2014 All rights reserved iiiContents PageForeword ivIntroduction v1 Scope . 12 Normative references 13 Spe
8、cifications . 14 Sampling 15 Precision and dispute 25.1 General . 25.2 Repeatability, r .25.3 Reproducibility, R .2Annex A (normative) Sampling 3Annex B (normative) Determination of urea content by total nitrogen 5Annex C (normative) Refractive index and determination of urea content by refractive i
9、ndex . 9Annex D (normative) Determination of alkalinity 13Annex E (normative) Determination of biuret content 16Annex F (normative) Determination of aldehyde content 21Annex G (normative) Determination of insoluble matter content by gravimetric method .25Annex H (normative) Determination of phosphat
10、e content by photometric method .28Annex I (normative) Determination of trace element content (Ca, Fe, K, Mg, Na) by ICP-OES method .34Annex J (informative) Determination of identity by FTIR spectrometry method 40Annex K (informative) Precision of test methods 43Bibliography .44BS ISO 18611-2:2014IS
11、O 18611-2:2014(E)ForewordISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subje
12、ct for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC
13、) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the different types of ISO documents should be no
14、ted. This document was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives). Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifyin
15、g any or all such patent rights. Details of any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents). Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience
16、of users and does not constitute an endorsement.For an explanation on the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISOs adherence to the WTO principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see the following URL: Foreword - Suppl
17、ementary informationThe committee responsible for this document is ISO/TC 8, Ships and marine technology, Subcommittee SC 2, Marine environment protection.ISO 18611 consists of the following parts, under the general title Ships and marine technology Marine NOx reduction agent AUS 40: Part 1: Quality
18、 requirements Part 2: Test methods Part 3: Handling, transportation and storageiv ISO 2014 All rights reservedBS ISO 18611-2:2014ISO 18611-2:2014(E)IntroductionIn order to protect the environment and to enhance air quality, exhaust emissions regulations around the world are continuously strengthened
19、. For ships with large combustion engines, particulate matter (PM), nitrogen oxide (NOx) emissions, and sulfur dioxide emissions are the main concern, and efforts have been focused on the development of technology that can reduce them effectively with minimum fuel economy penalty. Selective catalyti
20、c reduction (SCR) converters using a urea solution as the reducing agent is considered to be a key technology for reducing NOx emissions. The quality of the urea solution used for that technology needs to be specified to ensure reliable and stable operation of the SCR converter systems. The ISO 1861
21、1 series provides the specifications for quality characteristics, for handling, transportation, and storage, as well as the test methods needed by manufacturers of SCR converters, by engine producers, by producers, distributors of the urea solution, and by fleet operators/ship owners.Efficient expan
22、ding of the use of urea SCR technology requires a consolidated framework that can be followed by producers, end users, OEMs, and catalyst suppliers. ISO 2014 All rights reserved vBS ISO 18611-2:2014BS ISO 18611-2:2014Ships and marine technology Marine NOx reduction agent AUS 40 Part 2: Test methods1
23、 ScopeThis part of ISO 18611 specifies test methods required for the determination of the quality characteristics of the NOx reduction agent AUS 40 (aqueous urea solution) specified in ISO 18611-1. In the remaining parts of ISO 18611, the term “NOx reduction agent AUS 40” will be abbreviated to “AUS
24、 40”.This International Standard is covering quality requirements and guidelines for AUS 40 for marine applications, irrespective of manufacturing method or technique.2 Normative referencesThe following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable
25、 for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.ISO 3675, Crude petroleum and liquid petroleum products Laboratory determination of density Hydrometer methodISO 3696,
26、Water for analytical laboratory use Specification and test methodsISO 4259, Petroleum products Determination and application of precision data in relation to methods of testISO 5661, Petroleum products Hydrocarbon liquids Determination of refractive indexISO 5667-3, Water quality Sampling Part 3: Pr
27、eservation and handling of water samplesISO 12185, Crude petroleum and petroleum products Determination of density Oscillating U-tube method3 SpecificationsCompliance with the limits specified in ISO 18611-1, Table 1 shall be determined by the test methods specified in Annexes B through J of this pa
28、rt of ISO 18611. Determination of the density shall be conducted in accordance with ISO 3675 or ISO 12185.NOTE For the purposes of this International Standard, the terms “%(m/m)” and “%(V/V)” are used to represent the mass fraction and the volume fraction of a material respectively.4 SamplingSamples
29、 shall be taken in accordance with Annex A.INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 18611-2:2014(E) ISO 2014 All rights reserved 1BS ISO 18611-2:2014ISO 18611-2:2014(E)5 Precision and dispute5.1 GeneralAll test methods referred to in this part of ISO 18611 include a precision statement according to ISO 4259. In c
30、ases of dispute, the procedures described in ISO 4259 shall be used for resolving the dispute, and interpretation of the results based on the test method precision shall be used. The test methods described in this International Standard has been adopted from ISO 22241-2. Some minor changes have been
31、 made to the ISO 22241 test methods in order to adapt it to the specifications as described in ISO 18611-1, Table 1.The precision of the test methods has been adopted from ISO 22241-2. In ISO 22241-2, the precision was determined by statistical examination in accordance with ISO 4259 with the except
32、ion of the methdods for determination of density that was taken from ISO 3675 and ISO 12185. The precision of the test methods is specified in each annex. Additionally, this information is summarized in Annex K for all test methods for the convenience of the user of this part of ISO 18611.The statis
33、tical significance of the precision quoted in this part of ISO 18611 is generically defined in 5.2 and 5.3, in which the “xx (unit)” stands for the repeatability and reproducibility in question.5.2 Repeatability, rThe difference between two test results obtained by the same operator with the same ap
34、paratus under constant operating conditions on identical test material should, in the long run, in the normal and correct operation of the test method, exceed xx (unit) in only one case in 20.5.3 Reproducibility, RThe difference between two single and independent test results obtained by different o
35、perators working in different laboratories on identical test material would, in the long run, in the normal and correct operation of the test method, exceed xx (unit) in only one case in 20.2 ISO 2014 All rights reservedBS ISO 18611-2:2014ISO 18611-2:2014(E)Annex A (normative) SamplingA.1 GeneralThe
36、 sampling method specified in this annex is valid for each sampling of AUS 40 throughout the supply chain after the shipment from the manufacturers site to the AUS 40 containers on board the vessels.A.2 PrincipleThe limits for the quality characteristics of AUS 40, which are specified in ISO 18611-1
37、, are the representative analytical results that can only be obtained when the sample is protected from any contamination before the analysis.Therefore, suitable bottles shall be used for sampling, which do not contaminate the sample, especially regarding the trace elements, and which minimize the r
38、isk of algae or bacteria growth.NOTE The sampling method specified in this annex is based on ISO 5667-2 and ISO 5667-3.A.3 Possible contaminantsDuring the sampling process, foreign matter may lead to contamination of the sample. Under realistic conditions, the following sources of contamination will
39、 pose a major hazard: residues of process aids used for the production of the sampling bottles; contaminants which have been deposited in the empty bottles during the time they are stored empty; contaminants from the air, i.e. dust or any foreign matter from the surrounding, during the sampling; res
40、idues of cleaning agents, which have been used for cleaning the sampling equipment and the bottles as well; fuel.A.4 ApparatusA.4.1 Sampling bottles1000-ml wide neck bottles shall be used. Suitable materials for these bottles are HD-polyethylene, HD-polypropylene, polyfluorethylene, polyvinylidenedi
41、fluoride, and tetrafluoroethylene-perfluoroalky vinyl ether copolymer (PFA). In case of dispute, PFA bottles should be used.Prior to the first use with AUS 40, the bottles shall be cleaned and finally rinsed with de-ionized water followed by AUS 40.A.4.2 LabelsEach bottle shall be labelled using lab
42、els of approximately 10 cm 5 cm. The labels and the writing on these labels shall be resistant to water and to AUS 40. ISO 2014 All rights reserved 3BS ISO 18611-2:2014ISO 18611-2:2014(E)A.5 SamplingThe locked wide-neck bottle shall be opened; the cap shall be put down on a clean surface with the op
43、ening turned downward. After flushing the sampling pipe, the bottle shall be filled completely with AUS 40 from the container. The first filling shall be discarded, and the bottle shall immediately be re-filled with AUS 40 and closed tightly. The label shall be attached to the bottle (see A.4.2). Du
44、ring the filling of the sample, due care shall be taken that neither dust nor liquid pollutants get into the bottle.The filled bottle should reach the laboratory as soon as possible. During transportation and storage, the sample should be kept at the lowest possible temperature, preferably between 1
45、 C and room temperature (20 C), and kept away from daylight to prevent growth of algae. Samples to be stored for a long period of time should be stored at between 1 C and 15 C and should be kept away from daylight.It is recommended to conduct the analysis within three weeks in order to take into acc
46、ount possible changes in the ammonia content.A.6 Sample quantityThe minimum quantity of sample material depends on the type of analysis conducted. Whenever possible, make sure that a sufficient volume of sample material is available (recommendation: 1 litre), and at least double that which is requir
47、ed for complete verification of AUS 40 specifications. In case of dispute, a sufficient number of samples shall be taken according to ISO 4259.A.7 Labelling and Chain of Custody informationSamples will be labelled and a Chain of Custody form shall be utilized in order to track the movement of the sa
48、mples as they are transferred to a laboratory for analysis.A.7.1 LabellingThe label should contain the following information: sample identification number; product name; address/vessel name where the sample was taken from1); container/location from which the sample was taken1); date and time of samp
49、ling1).A.7.2 Chain of Custody informationThe Chain of Custody form shall contain the following information: sample identification number; product name; address/vessel name where the sample was taken from1); container/location from which the sample was taken1); date and time of sampling1); name and signature of person who sampled date when the sample left the site.1) Mandatory only in cases of dispute.4 ISO 2014 All rights reservedBS ISO 18611-2:2014ISO 18611-2:2014(E)Annex B (normative) Determinat
