1、BSI Standards PublicationBS ISO 22401:2015Equipment for crop protection Method for measurementof potential spray drift fromhorizontal boom sprayers bythe use of a test benchBS ISO 22401:2015 BRITISH STANDARDNational forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of ISO 22401:2015.The UK part
2、icipation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee AGE/15, Equipment for crop protection and application of liquid fertilizer.A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessar
3、y provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. The British Standards Institution 2015.Published by BSI Standards Limited 2015ISBN 978 0 580 86834 4 ICS 65.060.40 Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations.This British Standard was
4、 published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 30 November 2015.Amendments/corrigenda issued since publicationDate T e x t a f f e c t e dBS ISO 22401:2015 ISO 2015Equipment for crop protection Method for measurement of potential spray drift from horizontal boom spr
5、ayers by the use of a test benchMatriel de protection des cultures Mthode de mesurage de la drive potentielle des pulvrisateurs rampe horizontale au moyen dun banc dessaiINTERNATIONAL STANDARDISO22401First edition2015-11-01Reference numberISO 22401:2015(E)BS ISO 22401:2015ISO 22401:2015(E)ii ISO 201
6、5 All rights reservedCOPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT ISO 2015, Published in SwitzerlandAll rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on the in
7、ternet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the country of the requester.ISO copyright officeCh. de Blandonnet 8 CP 401CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva, SwitzerlandTel. +41 22 749 01 11Fax +41 22 749 09 47cop
8、yrightiso.orgwww.iso.orgBS ISO 22401:2015ISO 22401:2015(E)Foreword ivIntroduction v1 Scope . 12 Normative references 13 Terms and definitions . 14 Principles . 25 Test materials and equipment . 25.1 Test liquid 25.2 Test bench to assess potential spray drift 26 Test conditions . 36.1 Environmental c
9、onditions . 36.2 Test bench positioning . 46.3 Forward speed . 46.4 Vehicle travel track 47 Test procedure 47.1 Method . 47.2 Results 57.3 Test validation . 68 Comparison 69 Test report . 6Annex A (normative) Characteristics of the reference sprayer setup for comparison of results between different
10、laboratories/facilities . 7Annex B (normative) Characteristics of the reference sprayer setup 8Annex C (informative) Test report 9Annex D (informative) Example of a test bench .11Bibliography .12 ISO 2015 All rights reserved iiiContents PageBS ISO 22401:2015ISO 22401:2015(E)ForewordISO (the Internat
11、ional Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has bee
12、n established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical stand
13、ardization.The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordan
14、ce with the editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
15、 any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents).Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not constitute an endorsem
16、ent.For an explanation on the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISOs adherence to the WTO principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see the following URL: Foreword - Supplementary informationThe committee responsibl
17、e for this document is ISO/TC 23, Tractors and machinery for agriculture and forestry, Subcommittee SC 6, Equipment for crop protection.iv ISO 2015 All rights reservedBS ISO 22401:2015ISO 22401:2015(E)IntroductionIn recent years, spray drift control has become more and more relevant and buffer zones
18、 to reduce potential impact of spray drift have been widely introduced.Normally, the determination of buffer zone widths or other regulations take into account the type of spraying equipment used for pesticide application and its spray drift or potential spray drift.This International Standard is ai
19、med at defining a test procedure to assess potential spray drift from horizontal boom sprayers, using an ad hoc test bench, in order to get a quick and simple assessment of this spraying equipment.This test procedure can be used as an alternative method for the spray drift assessment obtained with t
20、he field measurement of spray drift (ISO 22866), or to the laboratory measurement of spray drift from nozzles (ISO 22856).The application of this International Standard may support advisory services for farmers, sprayer manufacturers, product development and certification and classification schemes.
21、 ISO 2015 All rights reserved vBS ISO 22401:2015BS ISO 22401:2015Equipment for crop protection Method for measurement of potential spray drift from horizontal boom sprayers by the use of a test bench1 ScopeThis International Standard provides a test method to measure spray sedimentation from horizon
22、tal boom sprayers using a test bench. The sedimentation measure gives a value for potential spray drift. These measurements can be used to compare different sprayer setups on the same sprayer.This International Standard is applicable to mounted, trailed and self-propelled horizontal boom sprayers us
23、ed in arable crops; and horizontal boom sprayers used for weed control in orchards/vineyards and spray application on horticultural crops.This International Standard is intended for booms using a uniform set of spray generators. If intended for spray drift classification of the sprayer, the comparis
24、on is limited to nozzle type, spray pressure and boom height.NOTE Further investigations and tests are on-going to consider other parameters for classification aims (e.g. air assisted system, forward speed, nozzle spacing and orientation).2 Normative referencesThe following documents, in whole or in
25、 part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.ISO 5681, Equipment for crop protection Vocabul
26、ary3 Terms and definitionsFor the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions in ISO 5681 and the following apply.3.1sprayer setupcombination of nozzle and boom parameters and sprayer adjustment on a given sprayerNote 1 to entry: Examples of setting parameters to be considered are nozzle ty
27、pe and size, nozzle spacing, orientation, boom height, forward speed, spray pressure, and spray deposition assistance (e.g. air assistance or shielding).3.2potential spray driftpercentage of initial spray volume that remains suspended in the air after the sprayer passage and which represents the fra
28、ction of spray liquid susceptible to drift out of the treated area by the action of air currents during the application processINTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 22401:2015(E) ISO 2015 All rights reserved 1BS ISO 22401:2015ISO 22401:2015(E)3.3reference spray depositRSDcalculated amount of the expected spray
29、 deposit in the treated area based on measured forward speed and nozzle flow rate assuming an even distribution under the spray boomNote 1 to entry: For example, applying a volume of 100 l/ha the reference spray deposit (RSD) corresponds to 1 l/cm2.4 PrinciplesThe method is aimed at determining the
30、potential spray drift generated by horizontal boom sprayer setups, by collecting the spray droplets sedimenting after the boom has passed over the entire length of the test bench. The total amount of collected sediment is compared to the reference spray deposit (RSD) to obtain the drift potential va
31、lue (DPV), see 7.2.To allow comparison of results between facilities/laboratories, one measurement shall be done with the sprayer setup specified in Annex A.5 Test materials and equipment5.1 Test liquidWhere possible, all measurements shall use a tracer of low toxicity that can be safely applied to
32、the treated area with no associated risks of environmental contamination (e.g. yellow Tartrazine E102, Brilliant sulpho flavine). Tracer concentration and analytical sensitivity shall be appropriate to guarantee a detection limit of at least 0,1 % of RSD.NOTE 1 Depending on the toxicity of the trace
33、r the safety of the test personnel may be affected. Regulations for occupational health and safety apply.The spray liquid shall have physical properties representative of liquids typically used in the application of plant protection products. This can normally be achieved by the addition of a water-
34、soluble surfactant at typical usage rates (for example 0,1 %).NOTE 2 The formulation of some tracers can include a surfactant component.5.2 Test bench to assess potential spray driftThe test bench consists of a frame track provided with aligned slots in which the deposit collectors are situated (e.g
35、. Petri dishes) with sliding covers linked together, preventing any unintended entry of droplets on the artificial collectors slots (see Figure D.1).Two slots, one at the beginning and one at the end of the test bench, shall be maintained permanently uncovered in order to collect the whole spray dep
36、osit under the boom.Spacing between slots shall be (500 2) mm. The test bench shall be equipped with at least 20 covered slots for deposit collectors, numbered from 1 to n according to the sprayer travel direction. The area of the deposit collector in each slot shall be a minimum of 100 cm2.The slid
37、ing covers shall be linked to a control device enabling simultaneous covering and/or uncovering of the deposit collectors by the boom passing.The control device that uncovers the deposit collectors shall be activated automatically when the boom passes point B (see Figure 1). Point B shall be positio
38、ned so that the deposit collectors are uncovered when the spray hits the ground at (2 0,1) m distance beyond the middle of collector n. This should prevent the nozzles from spraying directly onto the deposit collectors.2 ISO 2015 All rights reservedBS ISO 22401:2015ISO 22401:2015(E)Key1, 2, 3, n col
39、lectorsA slot for artificial collectorB starting point for uncovering collectors positioned so that the collectors are uncovered when the nozzle spray hits the ground at (2 0,1) m distance beyond the middle of collector nC horizontal boom sprayeraTravel direction.bHalf-boom.cMiddle of the right half
40、-boom.NOTE See also Annex D showing an example of test bench.Figure 1 Scheme of the test bench6 Test conditions6.1 Environmental conditionsTests shall be operated, preferably indoors, with an average wind velocity 1,0 m/s and a maximum wind velocity 1,5 m/s, with air temperature between 5 C and 35 C
41、 and relative humidity between 40 % and 95 %.Wind velocity measurements shall be reported and carried out at least at 1 Hz frequency and at 2 m height. In the test report the environmental average temperature, the average relative humidity, the maximum, minimum and average wind velocity and the aver
42、age wind direction (with respect to the test bench direction) during the test shall be recorded (see Annex C).The test area shall have a track length before the test bench ensuring that the sprayer has reached even intended output flow considering forward speed.With a rate control in manual mode a m
43、inimum track length before the bench of 10 m is suggested for travel speed up to 2 m/s and of 20 m for travel speeds up to 4 m/s. With the rate control in an automatic mode the track length before the bench has to be adapted considering the system reaction time.When operating indoors, the length of
44、the testing hall shall be at least equal to the test bench length plus 20 m before and after the test bench, the height shall be a minimum of 7 m and the width shall be at least equal to the boom width plus 4 m. ISO 2015 All rights reserved 3BS ISO 22401:2015ISO 22401:2015(E)The temperature differen
45、ce between ground surface and ambient air shall not be large enough to create turbulence. Both ground surface and air temperatures shall be recorded (see Annex C).NOTE Differences of temperature between air and soil higher than 10C may result in air turbulence.If comparison tests between sprayer set
46、ups are undertaken then the same test shall be carried out in similar conditions and always under the following limits: differences between average wind velocities shall not exceed 0,2 m/s, differences between air temperature shall not exceed 10C and differences between air relative humidity shall n
47、ot exceed 20 % as recorded during the measuring period. Maximum and minimum wind velocity shall also be recorded in all tests.6.2 Test bench positioningWhen operating indoors the test bench shall be positioned on artificial grass or on a bare soil flat surface. When operating outdoors the test bench
48、 shall be positioned in an open field on a flat surface with grass, with the height of vegetation between 50 mm and 100 mm in order to stabilize test conditions. Do not operate tests on concrete or hard surfaces. Always verify the horizontality of the test bench and preferably position it so that th
49、e deposit collectors are placed at a maximum height of 300 mm from the ground parallel to the sprayer travel direction. The centre of the test bench should be positioned underneath the nozzle closest to the middle of the right or left half-boom (see Figure 1).In identifying the place of the outdoor test area take notice of the effect of vegetation on wind. The test area should be at least 10 times the height of the vegetation or constructions away from the surrounding vegetation or constructions.When comparing different sprayer setu
