1、raising standards worldwideNO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAWBSI Standards PublicationBS ISO 4664-1:2011Rubber, vulcanized orthermoplastic Determinationof dynamic propertiesPart 1: General guidanceBS ISO 4664-1:2011 BRITISH STANDARDNational forewordThis British St
2、andard is the UK implementation of ISO 4664-1:2011. Itsupersedes BS ISO 4664-1:2005 which is withdrawn.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to TechnicalCommittee PRI/22, Physical testing of rubber.A list of organizations represented on this committee can beobtained on request to its
3、 secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessaryprovisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correctapplication. BSI 2011ISBN 978 0 580 66247 8ICS 83.060Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity fromlegal obligations.This British Standard was publi
4、shed under the authority of theStandards Policy and Strategy Committee on 30 November 2011.Amendments issued since publicationDate Text affectedBS ISO 4664-1:2011Reference numberISO 4664-1:2011(E)ISO 2011INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO4664-1Second edition2011-11-15Rubber, vulcanized or thermoplastic Dete
5、rmination of dynamic properties Part 1: General guidance Caoutchouc vulcanis ou thermoplastique Dtermination des proprits dynamiques Partie 1: Lignes directrices BS ISO 4664-1:2011ISO 4664-1:2011(E) COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT ISO 2011 All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of thi
6、s publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the country of the requester. ISO copyright office Case postale 56 CH-121
7、1 Geneva 20 Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11 Fax + 41 22 749 09 47 E-mail copyrightiso.org Web www.iso.org Published in Switzerland ii ISO 2011 All rights reservedBS ISO 4664-1:2011ISO 4664-1:2011(E) ISO 2011 All rights reserved iiiContents Page Foreword iv 1 Scope 1 2 Normative references 1 3 Terms and defin
8、itions . 1 3.1 Terms applying to any periodic deformation . 1 3.2 Terms applying to sinusoidal motion 4 3.3 Other terms applying to periodic motion 6 4 Symbols 7 5 Principles . 9 5.1 Viscoelasticity 9 5.2 Use of dynamic test data 10 5.3 Classification of dynamic tests 10 5.4 Factors affecting machin
9、e selection . 11 5.5 Dynamic motion . 11 5.6 Interdependence of frequency and temperature 14 6 Apparatus . 15 7 Test conditions and test pieces . 16 7.1 Test piece preparation 16 7.2 Test piece dimensions 16 7.3 Number of test pieces . 17 7.4 Test conditions 17 7.5 Small-sized test apparatus . 18 7.
10、6 Large-sized test apparatus . 19 7.7 Dynamic testing using free vibration 20 8 Conditioning 20 8.1 Storage . 20 8.2 Temperature . 20 8.3 Mechanical conditioning. 20 9 Test procedure . 21 10 Expression of results 21 10.1 Parameters required 21 10.2 Forced vibration 21 10.3 Free vibration . 23 10.4 S
11、tress-strain relationships and shape factors . 23 11 Test report 24 BS ISO 4664-1:2011ISO 4664-1:2011(E) iv ISO 2011 All rights reservedForeword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing
12、International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaiso
13、n with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task of tec
14、hnical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attention is dra
15、wn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO 4664-1 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 45, Rubber and rubber products, Subcommittee SC 2, Testing and
16、analysis. This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 4664-1:2005), which has been technically revised as follows: the test conditions given in Tables 2 and 3 have been modified; a number of equations and figures have been added for better comprehension of the text; the clause co
17、ncerning calibration (Clause 7 in the previous edition) has been deleted. ISO 4664 consists of the following parts, under the general title Rubber, vulcanized or thermoplastic Determination of dynamic properties: Part 1: General guidance Part 2: Torsion pendulum methods at low frequencies BS ISO 466
18、4-1:2011INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 4664-1:2011(E) ISO 2011 All rights reserved 1Rubber, vulcanized or thermoplastic Determination of dynamic properties Part 1: General guidance 1 Scope This part of ISO 4664 provides guidance on the determination of dynamic properties of vulcanized and thermoplastic
19、rubbers. It includes both free- and forced-vibration methods carried out on both materials and products. It does not cover rebound resilience or cyclic tests in which the main objective is to fatigue the rubber. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the appl
20、ication of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. ISO 815-1, Rubber, vulcanized or thermoplastic Determination of compression set Part 1: At ambient or elevated tem
21、peratures ISO 7743:2011, Rubber, vulcanized or thermoplastic Determination of compression stress-strain properties ISO 23529, Rubber General procedures for preparing and conditioning test pieces for physical test methods 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms
22、and definitions apply. 3.1 Terms applying to any periodic deformation 3.1.1 mechanical hysteresis loop closed curve representing successive stress-strain states of a material during a cyclic deformation NOTE Loops can be centred around the origin of co-ordinates or more frequently displaced to vario
23、us levels of strain or stress; in this case the shape of the loop becomes variously asymmetrical in more than one way, but this fact is frequently ignored. 3.1.2 energy loss energy per unit volume which is lost in each deformation cycle, i.e. the hysteresis loop area NOTE It is expressed in J/m3. BS
24、 ISO 4664-1:2011ISO 4664-1:2011(E) 2 ISO 2011 All rights reserved3.1.3 power loss energy loss per unit time, per unit volume, which is transformed into heat through hysteresis, expressed as the product of energy loss and frequency NOTE It is expressed in W/m3. 3.1.4 mean load average value of the lo
25、ad during a single complete hysteresis loop NOTE It is expressed in N. 3.1.5 mean deflection average value of the deflection during a single complete hysteresis loop (see Figure 1) NOTE It is expressed in m. Key 1 mean strain 2 mean stress NOTE 1 Open initial loops are shown, as well as equilibrium
26、mean strain and mean stress as time-averages of instantaneous strain and stress. NOTE 2 A sinusoidal response to a sinusoidal motion implies hysteresis loops which are or can be considered to be elliptical. NOTE 3 For large sinusoidal deformations, the hysteresis loop will deviate from an ellipse si
27、nce, for rubber, the stress-strain relationship is non-linear and the response is therefore not sinusoidal. NOTE 4 The term “incremental” may be used to designate a dynamic response to sinusoidal deformation about various levels of mean stress or mean strain (for example, incremental spring constant
28、, incremental elastic shear modulus). Figure 1 Heavily distorted hysteresis loop obtained under forced pulsating sinusoidal strain BS ISO 4664-1:2011ISO 4664-1:2011(E) ISO 2011 All rights reserved 33.1.6 mean stress average value of the stress during a single complete hysteresis loop (see Figure 1)
29、NOTE It is expressed in Pa. 3.1.7 mean strain average value of the strain during a single complete hysteresis loop (see Figure 1) 3.1.8 mean modulus ratio of the mean stress to the mean strain NOTE It is expressed in Pa. 3.1.9 maximum load amplitude F0maximum applied load, measured from the mean loa
30、d (zero to peak on one side only) NOTE It is expressed in N. 3.1.10 maximum stress amplitude 0ratio of the maximum applied force, measured from the mean force, to the cross-sectional area of the unstressed test piece (zero to peak on one side only) NOTE It is expressed in Pa. 3.1.11 root-mean-square
31、 stress square root of the mean value of the square of the stress averaged over one cycle of deformation NOTE 1 For a symmetrical sinusoidal stress, the root-mean-square stress equals the stress amplitude divided by 2. NOTE 2 It is expressed in Pa. 3.1.12 maximum deflection amplitude x0maximum defle
32、ction, measured from the mean deflection (zero to peak on one side only) NOTE It is expressed in m. 3.1.13 maximum strain amplitude 0maximum strain, measured from the mean strain (zero to peak on one side only) 3.1.14 root-mean-square strain square root of the mean value of the square of the strain
33、averaged over one cycle of deformation NOTE For a symmetrical sinusoidal strain, the root-mean-square strain equals the strain amplitude divided by 2. BS ISO 4664-1:2011ISO 4664-1:2011(E) 4 ISO 2011 All rights reserved3.2 Terms applying to sinusoidal motion 3.2.1 spring constant K component of the a
34、pplied load which is in phase with the deflection, divided by the deflection NOTE It is expressed in N/m. 3.2.2 elastic shear modulus storage shear modulus G component of the applied shear stress which is in phase with the shear strain, divided by the strain *cosGG NOTE It is expressed in Pa. 3.2.3
35、loss shear modulus G component of the applied shear stress which is in quadrature with the shear strain, divided by the strain *sinGG NOTE It is expressed in Pa. 3.2.4 complex shear modulus *G ratio of the shear stress to the shear strain, where each is a vector which can be represented by a complex
36、 number *iGGG NOTE It is expressed in Pa. 3.2.5 absolute complex shear modulus *G absolute value of the complex shear modulus 22*GGG NOTE It is expressed in Pa. 3.2.6 elastic normal modulus storage normal modulus elastic Youngs modulus E component of the applied normal stress which is in phase with
37、the normal strain, divided by the strain *cosEE NOTE It is expressed in Pa. BS ISO 4664-1:2011ISO 4664-1:2011(E) ISO 2011 All rights reserved 53.2.7 loss normal modulus loss Youngs modulus E component of the applied normal stress which is in quadrature with the normal strain, divided by the strain *
38、sinEE NOTE It is expressed in Pa. 3.2.8 complex normal modulus complex Youngs modulus *E ratio of the normal stress to the normal strain, where each is a vector which can be represented by a complex number *iEEE NOTE It is expressed in Pa. 3.2.9 absolute normal modulus absolute value of the complex
39、normal modulus 22*EEE 3.2.10 storage spring constant dynamic spring constant K component of the applied load which is in phase with the deflection, divided by the deflection *cosKK NOTE It is expressed in N/m. 3.2.11 loss spring constant K component of the applied load which is in quadrature with th
40、e deflection, divided by the deflection *sinKK NOTE It is expressed in N/m. 3.2.12 complex spring constant *K ratio of the load to the deflection, where each is a vector which can be represented by a complex number *iK KK NOTE It is expressed in N/m. BS ISO 4664-1:2011ISO 4664-1:2011(E) 6 ISO 2011 A
41、ll rights reserved3.2.13 absolute complex spring constant *K absolute value of the complex spring constant 22*KKK NOTE It is expressed in N/m. 3.2.14 tangent of the loss angle tan ratio of the loss modulus to the elastic modulus NOTE For shear stresses, tanGGand for normal stresses tanEE. 3.2.15 los
42、s factor Lfratio of the loss spring constant to the storage spring constant fKLK3.2.16 loss angle phase angle between the stress and the strain NOTE It is expressed in rad. 3.3 Other terms applying to periodic motion 3.3.1 logarithmic decrement natural (Napierian) logarithm of the ratio between succ
43、essive amplitudes of the same sign of a damped oscillation 3.3.2 damping ratio u ratio of actual to critical damping, where critical damping is that required for the borderline condition between oscillatory and non-oscillatory behaviour NOTE The damping ratio is a function of the logarithmic decreme
44、nt: 122sintan212uBS ISO 4664-1:2011ISO 4664-1:2011(E) ISO 2011 All rights reserved 73.3.3 damping coefficient damping constant C 1*sinCK where 2 f NOTE It is expressed in Ns/m. 3.3.4 transmissibility V2222n1(tan)1(taVn)where nis the natural angular frequency of the undamped vibrator, given by nKm an
45、d *cosKK 4 Symbols For the purposes of this document, the following symbols apply: A (m2) test piece cross-sectional area a(T ) Williams, Landel, Ferry (WLF) shift factor (rad) angle of twist b (m) test piece width C damping coefficient (damping constant) Cpheat capacity strain 0maximum strain ampli
46、tude (rad) loss angle E (Pa) Youngs modulus Ec(Pa) effective Youngs modulus E (Pa) elastic normal modulus (storage normal modulus) BS ISO 4664-1:2011ISO 4664-1:2011(E) 8 ISO 2011 All rights reservedE (Pa) loss normal modulus *E (Pa) complex normal modulus (complex Youngs modulus) *E (Pa) absolute va
47、lue of complex normal modulus F (N) load F0(N) maximum load amplitude f (Hz) frequency G (Pa) shear modulus G (Pa) elastic shear modulus (storage shear modulus) G“ (Pa) loss shear modulus *G (Pa) complex shear modulus *G (Pa) absolute value of complex shear modulus h (m) test piece thickness K (N/m)
48、 spring constant K (N/m) storage spring constant (dynamic spring constant) K“ (N/m) loss spring constant *K (N/m) complex spring constant *K (N/m) absolute value of complex spring constant k numerical factor klshape factor in torsion Lfloss factor l (m) test piece length extension ratio logarithmic
49、decrement M (Pa) in-phase or storage modulus M“ (Pa) loss modulus *M (Pa) complex modulus *M (Pa) absolute value of complex modulus m (kg) mass (kg/m3) rubber density Q (Nm) torque S shape factor T (K) temperature (in kelvins) Tg(K) low-frequency glass transition temperature T0(K) reference temperature BS ISO 4664-1:2011ISO 4664-1:
