1、PUBLISHED DOCUMENT PD CEN/TR 14734:2004 Durability of wood and wood-based products Determination of treatability of timber species to be impregnated with wood preservatives Laboratory method ICS 79.040 PD CEN/TR 14734:2004 This Published Document was published under the authority of the Standards Po
2、licy and Strategy Committee on 18 March 2004 BSI 18 March 2004 ISBN 0 580 43573 3 National foreword This Published Document is the official English language version of CEN/TR 14734:2004. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted by Technical Committee B/515, Wood preservation, to Subcomm
3、ittee B/515/2, Specifications and chemical testing of wood preservatives, which has the responsibility to: A list of organizations represented on this subcommittee can be obtained on request to its secretary. Cross-references The British Standards which implement international publications referred
4、to in this document may be found in the BSI Catalogue under the section entitled “International Standards Correspondence Index”, or by using the “Search” facility of the BSI Electronic Catalogue or of British Standards Online. This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions
5、 of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. aid enquirers to understand the text; present to the responsible international/European committee any enquiries on the interpretation, or p
6、roposals for change, and keep the UK interests informed; monitor related international and European developments and promulgate them in the UK. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, the CEN/TR title page, pages 2 to 16, an inside back cover and a back cover.
7、The BSI copyright notice displayed in this document indicates when the document was last issued. Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. Date CommentsTECHNICALREPORT RAPPORTTECHNIQUE TECHNISCHERBERICHT CEN/TR14734 February2004 ICS79.040 Englishversion DurabilityofwoodandwoodbasedproductsDetermi
8、nationof treatabilityoftimberspeciestobeimpregnatedwithwood preservativesLaboratorymethod Durabilitduboisetdesmatriauxdrivsdubois Dterminationdelimprgnabilitdessencesdeboispar desproduitsdeprservationMthodedelaboratoire DauerhaftigkeitvonHolzundHolzwerkstoffen LaboratoriumsverfahrenzurBestimmungderT
9、rnkbarkeit vonHolzarten,diemitHolzschutzmittelnimprgniert werdensollen ThisTechnicalReportwasapprovedbyCENon3November2003.IthasbeendrawnupbytheTechnicalCommitteeCEN/TC38. CENmembersarethenationalstandardsbodiesofAustria,Belgium,Cyprus,CzechRepublic,Denmark,Estonia,Finland,France, Germany,Greece,Hung
10、ary,Iceland,Ireland,Italy,Latvia,Lithuania,Luxembourg,Malta,Netherlands,Norway,Poland,Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia,Spain,Sweden,SwitzerlandandUnitedKingdom. EUROPEANCOMMITTEEFORSTANDARDIZATION COMITEUROPENDENORMALISATION EUROPISCHESKOMITEEFRNORMUNG ManagementCentre:ruedeStassart,36B1050Brussels 2004
11、CEN Allrightsofexploitationinanyformandbyanymeansreserved worldwideforCENnationalMembers. Ref.No.CEN/TR14734:2004:ECEN/TR14734:2004(E) 2 Contents Page 1 Scope . 5 2 Principle. 5 3 Reagents 5 4 Apparatus 5 5 Testspecimens . 6 6 Procedure 7 7 Datahandling . . 9 8 Testreport . 11 AnnexAGuidanceonsampli
12、ng. 12 AnnexBExampleofatestreport . . 14 Bibliography . 16CEN/TR14734:2004(E) 3 Foreword Thisdocument(CEN/TR14734:2004)hasbeenpreparedbyTechnicalCommitteeCEN/TC98“Durabilityofwood andwoodbasedproducts”, thesecretariatofwhichisheldbyAFNOR. ThestatusofthisdocumentasaTechnicalReporthasbeenchosenbecause
13、themethodisusefulbutshouldbe confirmedbyexperimentation. ThisdocumentincludesaBibliography.CEN/TR14734:2004(E) 4 Introduction ThebasisforthisdocumentwaspreparedasbeingpartoftheworkforSMTprojectMATCT94061project number 3307:ImprovementofCENstandardsbyshorttermmethodsfortestingthenaturaldurabilityand
14、treatabilityofsolidwoodandwoodbasedpanelproducts. Itprovidesthemeanswherebythetreatabilityofsapwoodorheartwoodofdifferentwoodspeciescanbe determinedinordertodeterminelikelyreactiontoimpregnationwithwoodpreservatives.Suchanassessment providesdataforuseinEN3511whichestablishesasystemforspecifyingthetr
15、eatmentofwoodwithwood preservativesbaseduponthepenetrationandretentionofpreservativesachievedbythetreatmentprocess. EN3511recognisesthatdifferentwoodspeciesrespondtotreatmentdifferentlydependingontheirabilityto absorbpreservative,andrequiresadifferentlevelofcompliancedependingonthetreatabilityofthew
16、ood concerned.WhileEN3502includesasubjectiveclassificationofthetreatabilityofdifferentwoodspeciesusinga fourclasssystem,themethoddescribedinthisdocumentprovidesthemeanstodeterminethetreatability objectively. Althoughthemethoddescribedusesanaqueoussolutionastheimpregnatingliquid,theresultscanbeusedto
17、 giveguidanceonthetreatabilityofthesamplesundertest.Alternatively,themethodcanbemodifiedusingother preservativetypes,egorganicsolventoremulsionpreparations,iftheresponseofthewoodtoaspecific preservativeisrequired.However,itshouldbenotedthatthemethoddoesnottakeaccountofpreservative formulationswheret
18、heactiveingredientsareselectivelyadsorbedontothewoodsubstrateresultinginthesolvent penetratingmoredeeplythanthebiocides.CEN/TR14734:2004(E) 5 1Scope ThisTechnicalReportdescribesalaboratorymethodforthedeterminationofthetreatabilityofwoodinorderto determinethelikelyreactionofdifferentwoodspeciestoimpr
19、egnationwithwoodpreservatives.Itcanalsobeused toinvestigatevariationbetweensamplesofthesamespeciesbutofdifferentorigin. 2Principle Aftermoistureanddensitydeterminationofeachoftestspecimens,asetoftestspecimensisimpregnatedwith coppersulfatesolutioninaccordancewithastandardtestprocedure.Afterapplicati
20、onofanindicatorsolutionto theexposedcrosssectionandtooneoftheexposedlongitudinalsurfacesofeachoftestspecimens,thelateral andaxialpenetrationismeasuredandthetreatabilityclassisevaluated. 3Reagents 3.1 Coppersulfatepentahydrate,solution,massfractionof5%. Dissolve50gofcoppersulfatepentahydrate(CuSO 4 .
21、 5H 2 O)in950gwater. NOTE Thevolumeofcoppersulfatesolutionrequiredwilldependonthecapacityoftheimpregnationapparatus. 3.2 Indicatorsolution Fortheindicationofthepenetrationanindicatorsolution,e.g.chromeazurolS,canbeused.Dissolve0,5g chromeazurolSand5gsodiumacetatein100mlwater. NOTE Otherindicatorscan
22、beused. 3.3 Sealingcompound Asealingcompoundwhichisinerttothecoppersulfatesolution(3.1)andunaffectedbythetestconditions. 4Apparatus Ordinarylaboratoryapparatusand: 4.1 Balance,capableofweighingtoanaccuracyof0,01g. 4.2 Conditioningchamber ,wellventilatedandcontrolledat(20 2)Cand(65 5)%relativehumidit
23、y. 4.3 Measuringdevice ,capableofmeasuringthedimensionsoftestsamplesofupto40mminsizeandtoan accuracyof0,1mm. 4.4 Dryingoven ,capableofbeingcontrolledat(103 2)C. 4.5 Desiccator,withefficientdesiccant(silicagelforexample).CEN/TR14734:2004(E) 6 4.6 Impregnationapparatus,consistingofachamberandheadertan
24、kwithancillaryvacuumandpressure pumpscapableofexertingavacuumof(1 0,5)kPa 1) andapressureof9,0 10 2 kPa.Thepipeworkbetween thechamberandthepumpsshallbedesignedsothataddingordrainingtreatmentsolutionscanbeachievedwhile maintainingtheexistingpressureinthevessel.AtypicalapparatusisshowninFigure1. Key 1
25、 Headertank 2P u m p 3 Vacuumpump 4 Chamber Figure1Typicalimpregnationapparatus 5 Testspecimens 5.1Preparation Prepareaminimumoftentestspecimens,eachfromadifferentplankofthewoodspeciesundertest(seealso 6.2).Thetestspecimensofheartwoodandsapwoodshallbeidentifiedandmarkedappropriately.Thewoodshall bes
26、ound,straightgrainedandwithoutknotsandthevisiblefeaturesofthewoodshallbegivenforexample:resin pockets,crossgrain,widthsofannualringsandproportionoflatewood.Atthetimeoftest,themoisturecontentof thetestspecimensshallbebetween13%and18%. NOTE1 GuidanceonsamplingofwoodisgiveninannexA. NOTE2 Woodcondition
27、edtoconstantmassinachamber(4.2)at65%relativehumidityand20Cwillattainamoisture contentof10%( m/m)to14%( m/m). Fromeachplank,prepareastriphavingalengthofatleast800 mmandacrosssectionof (40 0,3)x(40 0,3)mm.Thelateralsurfacesshallbeplanedandshallbetrueradialandtangentialsurfaces. Crosscut15mmto20mmfromo
28、neendanddiscard.Crosscuta(10 0,1)mmlongsamplefromthesameend, formoisturecontentanddensitydetermination(see6.1).Trimtheotherendoftheremaininglengthtogiveatest specimen(750 1)mmlongforimpregnation.Numberbothtestspecimenssoastoretaintheidentityoftheplank. Applythesealingcompound(3.3)toonecrosssectionen
29、dofeachtestspecimenforimpregnationandallowto set. 1) 1kPa=10mbar.CEN/TR14734:2004(E) 7 6Procedure 6.1 Moisturecontentanddensitydetermination Weigheachtestspecimenformoisturecontentdeterminationtothenearest0,01gusingthebalance(4.1),to determinetheinitialmass( m 0 ).Transferthetestspecimenstothedrying
30、oven(4.4).Drythetestspecimensfor 18hto24h,cooltoroomtemperatureinadesiccator(4.5),weigheachtestspecimentothenearest0,01gand recordthefinalmass( m 1 ).Calculatethemoisturecontentofeachtestspecimenbyexpressingthewatercontent (m 0 m 1 )asapercentageofthedrymass( m 1 ).Calculatethedensityofeachtestspeci
31、men,expressedas kilogramspercubicmetre,usingtheovendrymass( m 1 )andthenominalvolumeof16cm 3 . 6.2 Impregnationoftestspecimens(standardprocedure) Placethetestspecimensintheimpregnationchamber(4.6)insuchawaythattheydonottoucheachotherand thattheydonotfloatwhenthechamberisfilledwiththecoppersulfatesol
32、ution(3.1). NOTE1 Asuitablearrangementcanbeachievedbyseparatingthestackedtestspecimenswithsmallsticksandeithertying downthetestspecimensorplacingweightsonthetopofthestack. Sealthechamberandbymeansofthevacuumpump,reducethepressureto(1,0 0,5)kPa.Maintainthis vacuumfor45min.Then,withthevacuumpumprunnin
33、g,introducethecoppersulfatesolution(3.1)sothatthe impregnationchamberandtheheadertankarecompletelyfilled.Releasethevacuumsothatthepressureinthe apparatusreturnstoatmosphericpressure.Applyapressureof(9,0 0,5) 10 2 kPaandmaintainfor120min. Releasethepressuresothattheapparatusreturnstoatmosphericpressu
34、re.Drainthecoppersulfatesolutionfrom thechamber. Removethetestspecimensfromthechamberandstackinawellventilatedareatoallowdryingtotakeplace. Allowtodryuntilthemoisturecontentofthetestspecimensisbelowthefibresaturationpoint. NOTE2 Amoisturemeterofthetwoprongedelectricalconductivitytypeissuitableforthi
35、spurpose. 6.3 Measurementofpenetration CuteachtestspecimenaccordingtothepatterngiveninFigure2,usingequipmentwhichprovidesafinesawn finish. NOTE Thecuttingshouldbeintheradialplanandshouldbefromtheendthatwasnearesttheendseal.CEN/TR14734:2004(E) 8 Dimensionsinmillimetres Key 1 Endsealedcrosssection Fig
36、ure2Cuttingofthesamples Applytheindicatorsolution(3.2)totheexposedcrosssection(seeFigure2)ofeachtestspecimenusingeithera spraytechniqueorapaintbrush.Similarlyapplythereagenttooneoftheexposedlongitudinalsurfaces(see Figure2)ofeachtestspecimen. NOTE Thewoodpenetratedbythecoppersulfatesolutionwillbecom
37、edeepblueifchromeazurolSisused:the remainderwillbecolouredred. Whenthereagenthasdriedenoughforthespecimenstobehandled,measure(i)theminimumandaveragelateral penetrationand(ii)theminimumaxialpenetrationofthecoppersulfatesolutionintothetestspecimens. Measurethelateralpenetrationatthecentreandapproximat
38、ely10mmeithersideofthecentreofeachradialand tangentialedgeoftheexposedcrosssection(seeFigure3).Ifthepenetrationdoesnotexceed10mmatany point,calculatethemeanofallthevaluesandrecordastheaveragelateralpenetration.Ifthepenetrationexceeds 10mmatanypoint,calculatetheaveragelateralpenetrationusingonlythere
39、adingstakenatthecentreofeach edgeandindicatethemethodofcalculationinthetestreport.Additionally,measuretheminimumpenetration achievedatanypointonthecrosssection. Measuretheminimumaxialpenetrationwhichisthedistancefromtheunsealedendtowhichthecoppersulfate solutionhaspenetratedacrossthecompletewidthoft
40、heexposedsurface(dinFigure4).CEN/TR14734:2004(E) 9 Figure3Measuringpointsoflateralpenetrationoncrosssection Figure4Assessmentofaxialpenetrationonlongitudinalplane 7 Datahandling 7.1Treatability classes Thetreatabilityofthewoodspeciesundertestshallbeevaluatedaccordingtoafourclasssystemasdefinedin Tab
41、le1. Themeasurementsofpenetrationtakenfromthetestspecimensshallbeusedtodeterminewhetherthewood belongstoclass1,class2,orwhetheritbelongstooneofclasses3and4.CEN/TR14734:2004(E) 10 Table1Treatabilityclasses Impregnation procedure Minimumlateral penetration Averagelateral penetration Minimumaxial penet
42、ration Treatabilityclass Standard 15mm nr nr 1 Standard 3mm 6mm 300mm 2+ a Standard 3mm 6mm 300mm 2 Extralong b 1mm nr 300mm 3+ a Extralong b 1mm nr 300mm 3 Extralong b 1mm nr nr 4 nr=norequirement. a Seeclause7.3. b Seeclause7.2. Table2Treatabilityclasses Impregnation procedure Minimumlateral penet
43、ration Averagelateral penetration Minimumaxial penetration Treatabilityclass Standard 15mm nr nr 1 Standard 3mm 6mm 300mm 2+ a Standard 3mm 6mm 300mm 2 Extralong b 1mm nr 300mm 3+ a Extralong b 1mm nr 300mm 3 Extralong b 1mm nr nr 4 nr=norequirement. a seeclause7.3. b seeclause7.2. 7.2 Differentiationbetweentre
