1、BSI Standards PublicationWB11885_BSI_StandardCovs_2013_AW.indd 1 15/05/2013 15:06Energy performance of buildings Method for calculation of system energy requirements and system efficienciesPart 6-7: Explanation and justification of EN 15316-4-4, Module M8-3-4, M8-8-4, M8-11-4PD CEN/TR 15316-6-7:2017
2、National forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of CEN/TR 15316-6-7:2017.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee RHE/24, Central heating installations.A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretar
3、y.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application.ISBN 978 0 580 95137 4ICS 91.140.10; 27.160; 91.120.10Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations. This British Standard w
4、as published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 May 2017.Amendments/corrigenda issued since publicationDate Text affected PUBLISHED DOCUMENTPD CEN/TR 15316-6-7:2017TECHNICAL REPORTRAPPORT TECHNIQUETECHNISCHER BERICHTCEN/TR 1531667April 2017ICS 27.160; 91.120.10;
5、 91.140.10EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATIONCOMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATIONEUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNGCENCENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B1000 Brussels 2017 CEN Ref. No. CEN/TR 15316-6-7:2017: EAll rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN nati
6、onal MembersEnergy performance of buildings - Method for calculation of system energy requirements and system efficiencies - Part 6-7: Explanation and justification of EN 15316-4-4, Module M8-3-4, M8-8-4, M8-11-4 Performance nergtique des btiments - Mthode de calcul des besoins nergtiques et des ren
7、dements des systmes - Partie 6-7 : Explication et justification de lEN 15316-4-4, Module M8-3-4, M8-8-4, M8-11-4 Heizungsanlagen und Wasserbasierte Khlanlagen in Gebuden - Verfahren zur Berechnung der Energieanforderungen und Nutzungsgrade der Anlagen - Teil 6-7: Begleitende TR zur EN 15316-4-4 (Wrm
8、eerzeugungssysteme, gebudeintegrierte KWK-Anlagen) This Technical Report was approved by CEN on 27 February 2017. It has been drawn up by the Technical Committee CEN/TC 228.CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
9、 Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom.English VersionCEN/TR 15
10、31667:2017 (E)European foreword 3Introduction .41 Scope .52 Normative references 53 Terms and definitions .54 Symbols and subscripts .54.1 Symbols .54.2 Subscripts 55 Information on the methods 65.1 General . 65.2 System boundaries 66 Method description Method 1 .96.1 Rationale.96.2 Time steps 106.3
11、 Assumptions .116.4 Data input .116.4.1 General.116.4.2 Default values 126.5 Link with EcoDesign 127 Worked out examples .12Annex A (informative) Calculation flowhart 13Annex B (informative) Calculation examples .15Annex C (informative) Data Catalogue example 17Bibliography .182Contents PagePD CEN/T
12、R 15316-6-7:2017CEN/TR 1531667:2017 (E)European forewordThis document (CEN/TR 15316-6-7:2017) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 228 “Project committee on energy performance in buildings”, the secretariat of which is held by DIN.This document has been prepared under a mandate given to C
13、EN by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association.Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.3PD CEN/TR 15316-
14、6-7:2017CEN/TR 1531667:2017 (E)IntroductionIn order to facilitate the necessary overall consistency and coherence, in terminology, approach, input/output relations and formats, for the whole set of EPB-standards, the following documents and tools are available:a) a document with basic principles to
15、be followed in drafting EPB-standards: CEN/TS 16628:2014, Energy Performance of Buildings - Basic Principles for the set of EPB standards 1;b) a document with detailed technical rules to be followed in drafting EPB-standards: CEN/TS 16629:2014, Energy Performance of Buildings - Detailed Technical Ru
16、les for the set of EPB-standards 2;c) the detailed technical rules are the basis for the following tools:1) a common template for each EPB-standard, including specific drafting instructions for the relevant clauses;2) a common template for each technical report that accompanies an EPB standard or a
17、cluster of EPB standards, including specific drafting instructions for the relevant clauses;3) a common template for the spreadsheet that accompanies each EPB standard, to demonstrate the correctness of the EPB calculation procedures.Each EPB-standards follows the basic principles and the detailed t
18、echnical rules and relates to the overarching EPB-standard, EN ISO 52000-1:2017.One of the main purposes of the revision of the EPB-standards is to enable that laws and regulations directly refer to the EPB-standards and make compliance with them compulsory. This requires that the set of EPB-standar
19、ds consists of a systematic, clear, comprehensive and unambiguous set of energy performance procedures. The number of options provided is kept as low as possible, taking into account national and regional differences in climate, culture and building tradition, policy and legal frameworks (subsidiari
20、ty principle). For each option, an informative default option is provided (Annex B).Rationale behind the EPB technical reportsThere is a risk that the purpose and limitations of the EPB standards will be misunderstood, unless the background and context to their contents and the thinking behind them
21、is explained in some detail to readers of the standards. Consequently, various types of informative contents are recorded and made available for users to properly understand, apply and nationally or regionally implement the EPB standards.If this explanation would have been attempted in the standards
22、 themselves, the result is likely to be confusing and cumbersome, especially if the standards are implemented or referenced in national or regional building codes.Therefore each EPB standard is accompanied by an informative technical report, like this one, where all informative content is collected,
23、 to ensure a clear separation between normative and informative contents (see CEN/TS 16629 2):- to avoid flooding and confusing the actual normative part with informative content,- to reduce the page count of the actual standard, and- to facilitate understanding of the set of EPB standards.This was
24、also one of the main recommendations from the European CENSE project 5 that laid the foundation for the preparation of the set of EPB standards.4PD CEN/TR 15316-6-7:2017CEN/TR 1531667:2017 (E)1 ScopeThis Technical Report refers to EN 15316-4-4:2017, Heating systems and water based cooling systems in
25、 buildings - Method for calculation of system energy requirements and system efficiencies - Part 4-4: Heat generation systems, building-integrated cogeneration systems.Building-integrated cogeneration systems are commonly known as micro or small scale cogeneration, or micro or small scale CHP.It con
26、tains information to support the correct understanding, use and national adaptation of EN 15316-4-4:2017.This Technical Report does not contain any normative provision.2 Normative referencesThe following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensabl
27、e for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.EN 15316-4-4:2017, Heating systems and water based cooling systems in buildings Method for calculation of system energ
28、y requirements and system efficiencies Part 4-4: Heat generation systems, building-integrated cogeneration systemsEN 50465, Gas appliances Fuel cell gas heating appliances Fuel cell gas heating appliance of nominal heat input inferior or equal to 70 kWEN ISO 7345:1995, Thermal insulation Physical qu
29、antities and definitions (ISO 7345:1987)EN ISO 52000-1:2017, Energy performance of buildings Overarching EPB assessment Part 1: General framework and procedures (ISO 52000-1:2017)ISO 3046-1, Reciprocating internal combustion engines Performance Part 1: Declarations of power, fuel and lubricating oil
30、 consumptions, and test methods Additional requirements for engines for general use3 Terms and definitionsFor the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in EN ISO 7345:1995, EN ISO 52000-1:2017, EN 15316-4-4:2017 apply.4 Symbols and subscripts4.1 SymbolsFor the purposes of this d
31、ocument, the symbols given in EN ISO 52000-1:2017 and in EN 15316-4-4:2017 apply.4.2 SubscriptsFor the purposes of this document, subscripts given in EN ISO 52000-1:2017 and in EN 15316-4-4:2017 apply.5PD CEN/TR 15316-6-7:2017CEN/TR 1531667:2017 (E)5 Information on the methods5.1 GeneralThis standar
32、d defines a method for the performance assessment of building-integrated cogeneration units by the calculation of the electricity production, auxiliary power and recoverable losses. Such units are commonly known as micro or small scale cogeneration, or micro or small scale CHP.The principle of the a
33、ssessment of the cogenerator performance is to associate for each heat output (load from 0 %100 % including the supplementary heat generator if relevant):- the electricity output;- the auxiliary power;- the heat losses.The calculation is based on the performance characteristics of the units, defined
34、 in product standards, and on operation conditions such the needed heat output.The product data based on testing according to EN 50465 and ISO 3046-1 are used for that calculation.EN 50465 provides data:- at 0 % load (standby);- at CHP 100 % and Sup 0 % (primary heat and power generator only);- at C
35、HP 100 % and Sup 100 % (primary heat and power generator, and supplementary heat generator).Between these points, linear interpolation is proposed in order to estimate electricity output, auxiliary power, heat losses for each point between 0 % and 100 % loads.Operating parameters, as the temperature
36、, are influencing the performance of a cogenerator. But as these parameters are not tested according to EN 50465, nor ISO 3046-1, they cannot be taken into account in the performance assessment.5.2 System boundariesThe cogeneration unit may be of any type, possibly including a supplementary burner a
37、nd thermal storage, provided it has been tested as a whole to provide the energy performance information needed.The figures below illustrate typical setups.6 PD CEN/TR 15316-6-7:2017CEN/TR 1531667:2017 (E)Key1central Heating Water2auxiliary Electricity3air 4gas 5domestic cold water6combustion produc
38、ts7central Heating Water8electricity 9domestic hot water10condensate 11primary Heat and Power Generator12fuel processing system13fuel Cell Module14power conditioning and chp-control system15supplementary Heat Generator16thermal Management17support ControlsFigure 1 Typical setup for a fuel cell mCHP
39、appliance7PD CEN/TR 15316-6-7:2017CEN/TR 1531667:2017 (E)Key1central Heating Water2auxiliary Electricity3air4gas5domestic cold water6combustion products7central Heating Water8electricity9domestic hot water10condensate11primary Heat and Power Generator12engine Burner13stirling Engine Module14power co
40、nditioning and chp-control system15supplementary Heat Generator16thermal Management17support ControlsFigure 2 Typical setup for a Stirling engine mCHP appliance8 PD CEN/TR 15316-6-7:2017CEN/TR 1531667:2017 (E)Key1central Heating Water2auxiliary Electricity3air 4gas 5domestic cold water6combustion pr
41、oducts7central Heating Water8electricity 9domestic hot water10condensate 11primary Heat and Power Generator12internal Combustion Engine13power Generator14power conditioning and chp-control system15supplementary Heat Generator16thermal Management17support ControlsFigure 3 Typical setup for an interna
42、l combustion engine mCHP applianceElectrical connection components are only taken into account if they are part of the unit and tested together with.6 Method description Method 16.1 RationaleThe input data are the tested efficiencies at full and partial loads: Primary Heat and Power Generator operat
43、ing alone, and overall package (PHPG + Supplementary Generator), as well as standby losses.9PD CEN/TR 15316-6-7:2017CEN/TR 1531667:2017 (E)Operating conditions are taken into account by the efficiencies and standby losses data according to actual operating conditions as compared to test conditions.
44、The losses at 3 test points are calculated from the standby losses and efficiencies by linear interpolation.A flowchart is given in Annex A.The thermal and electrical energy outputs of the cogeneration unit over the full load range should be known.The energy performance assessment of the cogeneratio
45、n unit in this standard is based on product testing according to EN 50465:2015.The performance of a cogeneration unit (thermal efficiency, electrical output) varies with the load and the operation conditions, e.g. heating water temperature.It is supposed that these effects are taken into account, e.
46、g. water temperature, presence of a storage tank, included or not in the cogeneration unit in the testing of the cogenerator. In the example above a T of 15 K is related to an increase of the efficiency of 20 %.The operation mode depends on boiler / CHP / buffer tank combinations, regulatory framewo
47、rks, etc.In general, longer operation periods increase the efficiency of the cogeneration appliance.Several operation modes may be distinguished as for example: the cogeneration unit is sized to run at full load most of the time, thus the heat output of the CHP unit supplies the base load of the ins
48、tallation. In this case a supplementary generator is needed. the cogeneration unit is sized to run on different load ranges (e.g. the cogeneration unit operates as a boiler substitute and supplies the entire heat demand of the building).In this standard no dumped heat is accepted.Therefore the follo
49、wing factors influencing the efficiency should be taken into account:o Water temperature (return/flow);o Start/stop effects (storage tank);o Control;o Part load operation.6.2 Time stepsThis method covers the calculation of fuel input, auxiliary energy and recoverable losses of cogeneration units of heating and/or domestic hot water and the electricity production.The time step of the output can be: Annually; Monthly; Hourly; Bin.According to the time step the load, which is the system related facto
