1、IDC 331.101.1 : 331.102.342 DEUTSCHE NORM May 1987 DIN 33 411 Human physical strength Part 4 Maximum static action forces (isodynes) Krperkrfte des Menschen; maximale statische Aktionskrfte (Isodynen) In keeping with current practice in standards published bv the International Organization for Stand
2、ardization (/SO), a comma has been used throughout as the decimal marker. 1 Scope and field of application This standard covers the assessment,form,and exertion of different types of static action force.It is based on investiga- tions and is intended to provide information on the maxi- mum forces at
3、tainable fora given type of actuation.The rela- tionships and parameters relating to human physical strength given in DIN 33 411 Part 1 were used as a basis. 2 Maximum static action forces In diagrams 1 to 8, the average values of maximum static action forces or moments are plotted, in the form of i
4、so- dynes, for physically fit young male operators between the ages of 20 and 25. Exertion was one-handed and varied according to the direction of force (or moment) and the position of the point of application of force within arms reach. The same parameters apply to diagrams 11 to 15, representing v
5、alues applicable for physically fit young females between the ages of 17and 30.The operators had an upright, self-supported posture, with parallel feet (facing forwards) 30 cm apart. In diagrams 9 and 10, the parameters are the same as those described for diagrams 1 to 8 (males),except that actuatio
6、n was two-handed and the feet were offset (both feet turned 15O outwards and 30cm apart,the right foot 20cm behind the left foot). A fixed, vertical, cylindrical handle of 3 cm diameter was used foractuation.No glovesorotheraidswere used.All dia- grams are based on forces exerted briefly (only a few
7、 seconds), .e. the effects of fatigue are not covered. See DIN 33 411 Part 1 for definitions of position parameters. 3 Instructions for use The average values of the maximum static action forces attained are illustrated in the form of isodynes.An isodyne is the curve which connects those points of a
8、pplication of force (in a vertical plane through shoulder joint reference points within arms reach) at which equally large action forces of the same type were determined. Where the type of actuation differs (e.g.due to the posture or the direction of force required), it is to be checked whether the
9、data given in thisstandard can be extrapolated. For this purpose, an approximately normal distribution of the static action forces may be assumed and, where male populations are inhomogeneous as to anthropometric parameters, a coefficient of variation of 25% of the given average value may be used. T
10、he values given in diagrams 1 to 15 represent the 50th per- centile of the respective popu1ation.A different population was used for each type of actuation (see table 1). When an action force is exerted, the resulting load on the operator is not based solely on the magnitude of the action force; oth
11、er load parameters are also significant (see the Explanatory notes in DIN 33 411 Part 3). Consequently, the biomechanical and physiological load shall be considered as a whole when assessing the manner of exerting action forces. Continued on pages 2 to 20 Standards referred to DIN 3341 1 Part 1 Huma
12、n physical strength; concepts, relationships, parameters DIN 3341 1 Pari 3 Human physical strength; maximum static action moments applied by male operators when actuating hand-wheels International Patent Classification A 61 B 5/22 Beuth Verlag GmbH, Berlin, has the exclusive right of sale for German
13、 Standards (UN-Normen) 0789 Sales No 0112 DIN 33 411 Part 4 Engl. Price group 1 Page 2 DIN 33411 Part 4 Table 1. Characteristics of the populations used for determining static action forces 1- 8 9-10 11 -15 I Size, Height, Weight, I I in cm in kg Diagram No. Type of actuation One-handed 5 Males 22,8
14、 f 2,2 176,8 f 5,9 72,73 I 12,47 Two-handed 7 Males 23.7 f 0,8 181,7 f 5.9 76,43 t 5.45 One-handed 10 Females 203 I 4,7 167,5 14,O 64,12 20,Ol How to interpret diagrams 1 to 15: a= A maximum average action force of 150 N resulted for an arm force whose direction of force extended vertically and upwa
15、rds and where =30, a =Oo and a = 50/o. (See also subclauses 5.3.1.2 and 5.3.2 of DIN 33 411 Part 1, September 1982 edition.) In all diagrams, forces are given in N and moments, in Nm. DIN 33411 Part 4 Page 3 Description of individual types of actuation I Direction of forcelrnoment Gender Type of act
16、uation No. *) 1 +A (vertical and upwards) Male One-handed -A (vertical and downwards) Male One-handed 2 +B (in a horizontal plane; parallel to the plane of symmetry of the body and rearward) Male One-handed -B (in a horizontal plane; parallel to the plane of symmetry of the body and forward) Male Ma
17、le One-handed One-handed +c (in a horizontal plane; vertically towards the plane of symmetry of the body) -c (in a horizontal plane; vertically away from the plane of symmetry of the body) -C t Y Male Male One- handed One- handed 2. :“ f 7 rp=Ou, w=3Q0 (in a horizontal plane; away from the shoulder
18、joint reference point) p=Oo, y=6Oo (in a horizontal plane; away from the shoulder joint reference point) p=oo, ly=300 (in a horizontal plane; towards the shoulder joint reference point) p=Oo, w=6Oo (in a horizontal plane; towards the shoulder joint reference point) Male One-handed *) Refers to diagr
19、am number Page 4 DIN 33411 Part 4 Description of individual types of actuation (continued) Direction of forcelmoment +B +cw +B (in a horizontal plane; parallel to the plane of symmetry of the body, away from the shoulder joint reference point and clockwise) -B (in a horizontal plane; parallel to the
20、 plane of symmetry of the body, away from the shoulder joint reference point and anticlockwise) ic (in a horizontal plane; at right angles to the plane of symmetry of the body, away from the shoulder joint reference point and clockwise) -C (in a horizontal plane; at right angles to the plane of symm
21、etry of the body, away from the shoulder joint reference point and anticlockwise) p=O, y=3Oo (in a horizontal plane; away from the shoulder joint reference point and clockwise) (in a horizontal plane; away from the shoulder joint reference point and clockwise) po=Oo, y=60 p =Oo, y= 30 (in a horizont
22、al plane; away from the shoulder joint reference point and anticlockwise) (in a horizontal plane; away from the shoulder joint reference point and anticlockwise) rp=Oo, y=60 Gender Male Male Male Male Male Male Type of actuation One-handed One-handed One-handed One-handed One-handed One-handed No. *
23、) 6 7 *) Refers to diagram number. DIN 33411 Part 4 Page 5 Description of individual types of actuation (continued), Gender Type of actuation No. *) Direction of forcelmoment +A (vertical and upwards) Male Two-handed Two-handed 9 -A (vertical and downwards) Male Male +B (in a horizontal plane: paral
24、lel to the plane of symmetry of the body and rearward) Two-handed 10 -B (in a horizontal plane: parallel to the plane of symmetry of the body and forward) Male Two- handed 11 +D (towards the shoulder joint reference point) Female One-handed -D (away from the shoulder joint reference point) Female On
25、e-handed 12 J-D q=Oo, (u=-3Oo (in a horizontal plane; at right angles to the line connecting the point of application of force and the shoulder joint reference point) (in a horizontal plane; at right angles to the line connecting the point of application of force and the shoulder joint reference poi
26、nt) (in a horizontal plane: at right angles to the line connecfng the point of application of force and the shoulder joint reference point) (in a horizontal plane; at right angles to the line connecting the point of application of force and the shoulder joint reference point) p=OO, y/=-6Oo q=oo, y=1
27、200 p=Oo, y=15Oo Female One-handed 13 Female One-handed “) Refers to diagram number. Page 6 DIN 33411 Part 4 Description of individual types of actuation (concluded) Female Direction of forcemoment One-handed +B (in a horizontal plane; parallel to the plane of symmetry of the body, away from the sho
28、ulder joint reference point and clockwise) Female -B (in a horizontal plane; parallel to the plane of symmetry of the body, away from the shoulder joint reference point and anticlockwise) One-handed Gender Type of actuation i- I No. *) 14 15 *) Refers to diagram number. a= = 60 O a= Diagram 1. I DIN
29、 33411 Part 4 Page 7 Direction of force: +A (vertical and upwards); males, one-handed a= I Page 8 DIN 33411 Part 4 a= a= a= Direction of force: -A (vertical and downwards); males, one-handed Diagram 2. I DIN 33411 Part 4 Page 9 O = O0 a= O = oo a= Direction of force: + B (in a horizontal plane; para
30、llel to the plane of symmetry of the body and rearward); males, one-handed a= Diagram 3. Direction of force: -B (in a horizontal plane; parallel to the plane of symmetry of the body and forward); males, one-handed Page 10 DIN 33411 Pari 4 O =OD a= a= Direction of force: + C (in a horizontal plane; v
31、ertically towards the plane of symmetry of the body); males, one-handed Diagram 4 -C t g“ Direction of force: -C (in a horizontal plane; vertically away from the plane of symmetry of the body); males, one-handed DIN 33411 Part 4 Page 11 a= Direction of force: p=Oo, y=3Oo (in a horizontal plane; away
32、 from the shoulder joint reference point); males, one-handed a= a= -2. 7 = 60 O Direction of force: p=Oo, y=6Oo (in a horizontal plane: away from the shoulder joint reference point); males, one-handed Direction of force: p=Oo, y=3O0 (in a horizontal plane; towards the shoulder joint reference point)
33、; males, one-handed Diagram 5. Direction of force: p=Oo, y=6Oo (in a horizontal plane; towards the shoulder joint reference point); males, one-handed Page 12 DIN 33411 Part 4 ction of moment: - B (in a horizontal plane; 4 parallel to the plane of symmetry of the body, away from the shoulder joint re
34、ference point and anticlockwise); males, one-handed Direction of moment: + B (in a horizontal plane; parallel to the plane of symmetry of the body, away from the shoulder joint reference point and clockwise); males, one-handed -6 9 Direction of moment: + C (in a horizontal plane; at right angles to
35、the plane of symmetry of the body, away from the shoulder joint reference point and clockwise); males, one-handed Diagram 7. Direction of moment: -C (in a horizontal plane; at right angles to the plane of symmetry of the body, away from the shoulder joint reference point and anticlockwise); males, o
36、ne-handed DIN 33411 Part 4 Page 13 SOO Y 9 O0 I = 30 O a= Direction of moment: p=Oo, y=3Oo (in a horizontal plane; away from the shoulder joint reference point and clockwise); males, one-handed SOO Direction of moment: (p=Oo, i/=3Oo (in a horizontal plane; away from the shoulder joint reference poin
37、t and anticlockwise); males, one-handed Diagram 8. Direction of moment: p=Oo, y=6Oo (in a horizontal plane; away from the shoulder joint reference point and clockwise); males, one-handed SOO O = 60 Direction of moment: (p=Oo, y=6Oo (in a horizontal plane; away from the shoulder joint reference point
38、 and anticlockwise); males, one-handed Page 14 DIN 33411 Part 4 a= a= a= Direction of force: +A (vertical and upwards); males, two-handed Direction of force: -A (vertical and downwards); males, two-handed DIN 33411 Part 4 Page 15 a= Direction of force: + B (in a horizontal plane; parallel to the pla
39、ne of symmetry of the body and rearward); males, two-handed a= Diagram 10. Direction of force: -B (in a horizontal plane; parallel to the plane of symmetry of the body and forward); males, two-handed Page 16 DIN 33411 Part 4 Direction of force: + D (towards the shoulder joint reference point); femal
40、es, one-handed /+D a= 1-0 P Direction of force: - D (away from the shoulder joint reference point); females, one-handed DIN 33411 Part 4 Page 17 Diagram 12. f Page 18 DIN 33411 Part 4 a- Direction of force: rp=Oo,=-3O0 (in a horizontal plane; at right angles to the line connecting the point of appli
41、cation of force and the shoulder joint reference point); females, one-handed females, one-handed Direction of force: 1p=OO,w=-60O (in a horizontal plane; at right anglesto the line connecting the point ofapplication of force and the shoulder joint reference point); $0 a= Direction of force: p=O0, Di
42、rection of force: rp=Oo, w =150 (in a horizontal plane; at rightanglestothe lineconnectingthepointofapplicationof rightanglestothelineconnectingthepoint ofapplicationof force and the shoulder joint reference point); force and the shoulder joint reference point); females, one-handed females, one-hand
43、ed Diagram 13. =120 (in a horizontal plane; at DIN 33411 Part 4 Page 19 a= Direction of moment: + B (in a horizontal plane; parallel to the plane of syrnmetryof the body,awayfrorn the shoulder joint reference point and clockwise): females, one-handed Page 20 DIN 33411 Part 4 a= Direction of moment: -B (in a horizontal plane; parallel to the plane of symmetry of the body, away from the shoulder joint reference point and anticlockwise); females, one-handed
