1、December 2014Translation by DIN-Sprachendienst.English price group 19No part of this translation may be reproduced without prior permission ofDIN Deutsches Institut fr Normung e. V., Berlin. Beuth Verlag GmbH, 10772 Berlin, Germany,has the exclusive right of sale for German Standards (DIN-Normen).IC
2、S 01.040.75; 75.160.10!%O$“2274401www.din.deDDIN EN ISO 16559Solid biofuels Terminology, definitions and descriptions (ISO 16559:2014);English version EN ISO 16559:2014,English translation of DIN EN ISO 16559:2014-12Biogene Festbrennstoffe Terminologie, Definitionen und Beschreibungen (ISO 16559:201
3、4);Englische Fassung EN ISO 16559:2014,Englische bersetzung von DIN EN ISO 16559:2014-12Biocombustibles solides Terminologie, dfinitions et descriptions (ISO 16559:2014);Version anglaise EN ISO 16559:2014,Traduction anglaise de DIN EN ISO 16559:2014-12SupersedesDIN EN 14588:2011-01www.beuth.deIn cas
4、e of doubt, the German-language original shall be considered authoritative.Document comprises 40 pages12.14 DIN EN ISO 16559:2014-12 2 A comma is used as the decimal marker. National foreword This document (EN ISO 16559:2014) has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 238 “Solid biofuels” in co
5、llaboration with Technical Committee CEN/TC 335 “Solid biofuels” (Secretariat: SIS, Sweden). The responsible German body involved in its preparation was the DIN-Normenausschuss Materialprfung (DIN Standards Committee Materials Testing), Working Committee NA 062-05-82 AA Biogene Festbrennstoffe. The
6、DIN Standards corresponding to the International Standards referred to in this document are as follows: ISO 3534-1 DIN ISO 3534-1 ISO 3534-2 DIN ISO 3534-2 ISO 4324 DIN ISO 4324 ISO 9000 DIN EN ISO 9000 ISO 11074 DIN ISO 11074 ISO 14040 DIN EN ISO 14040 ISO 16967 (in preparation) DIN EN ISO 16967 (i
7、n preparation) ISO 17225-1 DIN EN ISO 17225-1 ISO 17225-2 DIN EN ISO 17225-2 ISO 17225-3 DIN EN ISO 17225-3 ISO 17225-7 DIN EN ISO 17225-7 ISO 18757 DIN EN ISO 18757 In accordance with DIN EN 14918, Solid Biofuels Method for the determination of calorific value and DIN EN ISO 17225-1, Solid biofuels
8、 Fuel specifications and classes Part 1: General requirements, the symbol “qV,gr” for “4.111 gross calorific value” is written with a lowercase “q”. The source of concepts 4.139, 4.225, 4.226 and 4.228 should be corrected to read EN 14588:2011 (instead of ISO) and the source of 4.12 should be correc
9、ted to read EN 15357:2011. Furthermore, the source ISO 18134 of concept 4.211 is a three-part standards series which is currently at the planning stage. These sources are included as additional information and will be corrected in the next revision of ISO 16559. Amendments This standard differs from
10、 DIN EN 14588:2011-01 as follows: a) the content of DIN EN 14588:2011-01 has been largely adopted, partially revised and extended to include international aspects, for example aquaculture; b) the German translation of “solid biofuels” has been changed throughout the document from Feste Biobrennstoff
11、e to Biogene Festbrennstoffe; c) terms and definitions have been supplemented; d) informative Annexes A and B have been deleted; e) the standard has been editorially revised. Previous editions DIN CEN/TS 14588: 2004-04 DIN EN 14588: 2011-01 DIN EN ISO 16559:2014-12 3 National Annex NA (informative)
12、(Alphabetical index of German terms) This National Annex gives an alphabetical listing of the German terms. Because the English terms are already listed alphabetically in this document, the index is not reproduced here. DIN EN ISO 16559:2014-12 4 National Annex NB (informative) Bibliography DIN ISO
13、3534-1, Statistics Vocabulary and symbols Part 1: General statistical terms and terms used in probability DIN ISO 3534-2, Statistics Vocabulary and symbols Part 2: Applied statistics DIN ISO 4324, Surface active agents; powders and granules; measurement of the angle of repose DIN EN ISO 9000, Qualit
14、y management systems Fundamentals and vocabulary DIN ISO 11074, Soil quality Vocabulary DIN EN ISO 14040, Environmental management Life cycle assessment Principles and framework DIN EN ISO 16967, Solid biofuels Determination of major elements Al, Ca, Fe, Mg, P, K, Si, Na and Ti DIN EN ISO 17225-1, S
15、olid biofuels Fuel specifications and classes Part 1: General requirements DIN EN ISO 17225-2, Solid biofuels Fuel specifications and classes Part 2: Graded wood pellets DIN EN ISO 17225-3, Solid biofuels Fuel specifications and classes Part 3: Graded wood briquettes DIN EN ISO 17225-7, Solid biofue
16、ls Fuel specifications and classes Part 7: Graded non-woody briquettes DIN EN ISO 18757, Fine ceramics (advanced ceramics, advanced technical ceramics) Determination of specific surface area of ceramic powders by gas adsorption using the BET method EN ISO 16559July 2014 ICS 27.190; 01.040.75; 75.160
17、.10 Supersedes EN 14588:2010English VersionSolid biofuels - Terminology, definitions and descriptions(ISO 16559:2014)Biocombustibles solides - Terminologie, dfinitions et descriptions (ISO 16559:2014) Biogene Festbrennstoffe - Terminologie, Definitionen und Beschreibungen (ISO 16559:2014)This Europe
18、an Standard was approved by CEN on 28 June 2014. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concer
19、ning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into
20、 its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Ge
21、rmany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey andUnited Kingdom. CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2014 CEN All rights of exp
22、loitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN ISO 16559:2014 EEUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATIONCOMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATIONEUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNGEUROPEAN STANDARDNORME EUROPENNEEUROPISCHE NORMContents Page Foreword . 3 Introduction . 4
23、 1 Scope . 5 2 Normative references. 5 3 Principle 5 4 Terms and definitions 6 Bibliography 36 2DIN EN ISO 16559:2014-12 EN ISO 16559:2014 (E) ForewordThis document (EN ISO 16559:2014) has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 238in collaboration with Technical Committee CEN/TC 335 “Solid biof
24、uels” the secretariat of which is held by SIS. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by January 2015, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by January 2015. Th
25、is document supersedes EN 14588:2010. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulation
26、s, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy,
27、Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom. Endorsement notice The text of ISO 16559:2014 has been approved by CEN as EN ISO 16559:2014 without any modification. “Solid biofuels”3
28、DIN EN ISO 16559:2014-12EN ISO 16559:2014 (E)IntroductionThis International Standard has been written in accordance with ISO 10241. This International Standard is based on European standard EN 14588:20106as well as on approved national standards and manuals. Some of the terms included in this Intern
29、ational Standard are only used in particular countries.In this International Standard instead of the legal definition waste the technical terms residue, and by-product are used to describe co-products from forestry and arboriculture, agriculture and horticulture, and aquaculture as well as related i
30、ndustries. The terms and definitions are harmonized as far as possible with the current language used in management as well as in regulatory activities.4DIN EN ISO 16559:2014-12 EN ISO 16559:2014 (E) 1 ScopeThis international standard determines the terminology and definitions for solid biofuels. Ac
31、cording to the scope of the ISO/TC 238 this standard only includes raw and processed material originating from forestry and arboriculture, agriculture and horticulture, aquacultureNOTE 1 Raw and processed material includes woody, herbaceous, fruit and aquatic biomass from the sectors mentioned above
32、.NOTE 2 Chemically treated material does not include halogenated organic compounds or heavy metals at levels higher than those in typical virgin material values or higher than typical values of the country of origin.Materials originating from different recycling processes of end-of-life-products are
33、 not within the scope but relevant terms are included for information. Areas covered by ISO/TC28/SC7 “Liquid biofuels” and ISO/TC193 “Natural gas” are excluded.Other standards with a different scope than this International Standard may have different definitions than this standard.2 Normative refere
34、ncesThe following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.Not
35、applicable.3 PrincipleThis International Standard only contains terms used to describe solid biofuels within the scope of ISO/TC 238, see Figure 1.Figure 1 ISO/TC 238 within the biomass-biofuel-bioenergy field5DIN EN ISO 16559:2014-12EN ISO 16559:2014 (E)Solid biofuels are produced from different so
36、urces, which are defined within the scope of ISO/TC 238 “Solid Biofuels”. Terms and definitions are categorised in a logical structure based on the fact that solid biofuels are produced from different sources and that solid biofuels are used to produce bioenergy: origin and source of solid biofuels
37、in the overall supply chain, the different traded forms as well as the different forms of biofuels produced within the preparation processes, the most relevant solid biofuel properties and terms of sampling and testing as well as classification and specification the description of the solid biofuels
38、 itself as well as their handling and processing given in the same structure as the biomass sources bioenergy as the result of solid biofuel conversionAppropriate terms for sampling and testing as well as classification and specification of properties have to be defined and described together with t
39、he category source/origin, type and properties of solid biofuels. The necessarity of terms defined in this International Technical Standard is in many cases based on the classification system of solid biofuels given in ISO 17225-1, in which the classification of solid biofuels is specified in more d
40、etail.4 Terms and definitions4.1absorptionphenomenon whereby atoms, ions, or molecules from a gas, liquid, or dissolved solid permeates or is dissolved by a liquid or solid (the absorbent)Note 1 to entry: Adsorption is a surface-based process while absorption involves the whole volume of the materia
41、l.SOURCE: ISO 18757:20034.2adsorptionphenomenon whereby atoms, ions, or molecules from a gas, liquid, or dissolved solid adheres to a surface whereby the process creates a film of the adsorbate on the surface of the adsorbentSOURCE: ISO 18757:20034.3additivematerial which has been intentionally intr
42、oduced into the fuel feedstock to improve quality of fuel (e.g. combustion properties), to reduce emissions or to make production more efficientNote 1 to entry: Trace amounts of e.g. grease or other lubricants that are introduced into the fuel processing stream as part of normal mill operations are
43、not considered as additives.SOURCE: ISO 17225-2:20144.4agrofuelsbiofuels obtained from energy crops and/or agricultural by-products (agricultural residues)SOURCE: FAO unified bioenergy terminology (UBET)4.5air driedcondition in which the solid biofuel has dried in air to equilibrium moisture content
44、 SOURCE: ISO 1213-2:19926DIN EN ISO 16559:2014-12 EN ISO 16559:2014 (E) 4.6angle of reposecritical angle of reposesteepest angle of descent measured in degrees of the slope of material relative to the horizontal plane when granular material on the slope face is on the verge of slidingNote 1 to entry
45、: The slope may be the convex perimeter of a conical pile on a flat surface.SOURCE: ISO 4324:19774.7angle of drainsteepest angle of descent measured in degrees of the slope of material relative to the horizontal plane when granular material on the slope face is on the verge of slidingNote 1 to entry
46、: When biomass is held in a silo or hopper and drained through a gate at the bottom the material is usually forming a cone within which the material, especially material with high particle aspect ratio such as pellets, partially becomes interlocked before released by the forces of gravity.Note 2 to
47、entry: The angle of drain is normally a few degrees higher than the angle of repose.4.8animal biomassbiomass obtained from livestock4.9animal by-productsanimal residuesagricultural by-products (or agricultural residues) obtained from livestock operationsNote 1 to entry: It includes among others soli
48、d excreta of animals.SOURCE: EN 14588:20104.10aquatic biomassbiomass from so called hydrophytic plants or hydrophytes, which are plants that have adapted to living in or on aquatic environmentsSOURCE: ISO 17225-1:20144.11as analyseddetermined basiscondition in which the moisture content of the solid
49、 biofuel is the content of the material at the moment of analysis/determinationSOURCE: ISO 1213-2:19924.12as receivedas deliveredarcalculation basis for a material in the delivery stateNote 1 to entry: The abbreviation of as received is ar.SOURCE: ISO 15357:20117DIN EN ISO 16559:2014-12EN ISO 16559:2014 (E)4.13ashash contenttotal ashAmass of inorganic residue remaining after combustion of a fuel unde
