1、 ECMA-359 1stEdition / December 2004 80 mm (1,46 Gbytes per side) and 120 mm (4,70 Gbytes per side) DVD Recordable Disk (DVD-R) 80 mm (1,46 Gbytes per side) and 120 mm (4,70 Gbytes per side) DVD Recordable Disk (DVD-R) Standard ECMA-359 1stEdition / December 2004 Ecma International Rue du Rhne 114 C
2、H-1204 Geneva T/F: +41 22 849 6000/01 www.Ecma-international.org PC ECMA-359 . Brief history Ecma Technical Committee TC31 was established in 1984 for the standardization of Optical Disks and Optical Disk Cartridges (ODC). Since its establishment, the Committee has made major contributions to ISO/IE
3、C JTC1/SC23 toward the development of International Standards for optical disks. Numerous standards have been developed by TC31 and published by Ecma, almost all of which have also been adopted by ISO/IEC under the fast-track procedure as International Standards. The following Ecma Standards for DVD
4、 80 mm and 120 mm have been published by Ecma and adopted by ISO/IEC JTC1. ECMA-267 (1997) ISO/IEC 16448 120 mm DVD-Read-Only Disk ECMA-268 (1997) ISO/IEC 16449 80 mm DVD-Read-Only Disk ECMA-272 (1998) ISO/IEC 16824 120 mm DVD Rewritable Disk (DVD-RAM) ECMA-273 (1998) ISO/IEC 16825 Case for 120 mm D
5、VD-RAM Disks ECMA-279 (1998) ISO/IEC 20563 80mm (1,23 Gbytes per side) and 120 mm (3,95 Gbytes per side) DVD-Recordable Disk (DVD-R) ECMA-330 (2002) ISO/IEC 17592 120 mm (4,7 Gbytes per side) and 80 mm (1,46 Gbytes per side) DVD Rewritable Disk (DVD-RAM) ECMA-331 (2004) ISO/IEC 17594 Case for 120 mm
6、 and 80 mm DVD-RAM Disks ECMA-338 (2002) ISO/IEC 17342 80mm (1,46 Gbytes per side) and 120 mm (4,70 Gbytes per side) DVD Re-recordable Disk (DVD-RW) In June 2001 eleven members proposed to TC31 to develop a standard for 120 mm and 80 mm DVD Recordable optical disks using Organic Dye recording techno
7、logy and TC31 adopted this project. In April 2004 ten members proposed to TC31 to restart this project and TC31 re-activated the work that has resulted in this Ecma Standard. This Ecma Standard specifies two Types of Recordable optical disks, one (Type 1S) making use of recording on only a single si
8、de of the disk and yielding a nominal capacity of 4,70 Gbytes for a 120 mm disk and 1,46 Gbytes for an 80 mm disk, the other (Type 2S) making use of recording on both sides of the disk and yielding a nominal capacity of 9,4 Gbytes for a 120 mm disk and 2,92 Gbytes for an 80 mm disk. This Ecma Standa
9、rd has been adopted by the General Assembly of December 2004. Table of contentsSection 1 - General 1 1 Scope 1 2 Conformance 1 2.1 Optical Disk 1 2.2 Generating system 1 2.3 Receiving system 1 3 Reference 1 4 Definitions 2 4.1 Block SYNC Guard Area 4.2 Border Zone 2 4.3 Channel bit 2 4.4 Clamping Zo
10、ne 2 4.5 Data Zone 2 4.6 Data Recordable Zone 4.7 Digital Sum Value (DSV) 4.8 Disk at once recording 4.9 Disk Reference Plane 4.10 ECC Block address 2 4.11 Error Correction Code (ECC) 4.12 Error Detection Code (EDC) 3 4.13 Finalization 3 4.14 Groove 3 4.15 Incremental recording 4.16 Information Zone
11、 3 4.17 Land 3 4.18 Land Pre-Pit (LPP) 3 4.19 Lead-in Zone 3 4.20 Lead-out Zone 3 4.21 Recording Management Area (RMA) 4.22 Recording Management Data (RMD) 4.23 R-Information Zone 3 - i - 4.24 RZone 3 4.25 Sector 3 4.26 Substrate 3 4.27 Track 4 4.28 Track pitch 4 4.29 Zone 4 5 Conventions and notati
12、ons 5.1 Representation of numbers 5.2 Names 4 6 Acronyms 4 7 General description of a disk 5 8 General requirement 6 8.1 Environments 6 8.1.1 Test environment 6 8.1.2 Operating environment 8.1.3 Storage environment 7 8.1.4 Transportation 7 8.2 Safety requirements 8.3 Flammability 7 9 Reference measu
13、rement devices 9.1 Pick-Up Head (PUH) 9.1.1 PUH for measuring recorded disks 9.1.2 PUH for measuring unrecorded disks 8 9.2 Measurement conditions 10 9.2.1 Recorded and unrecorded disk 10 9.2.2 Recorded disk 10 9.2.3 Unrecorded disk 10 9.3 Normalized servo transfer function 10 9.4 Reference servo fo
14、r axial tracking 9.5 Reference servo for radial tracking 11 Section 2 - Dimensional, mechanical and physical characteristics of the disk 1310 Dimensional characteristics 13 10.1 Overall dimensions 14 10.2 First transition area 15 10.3 Second transition area - ii - 10.4 Clamping Zone 15 10.5 Third tr
15、ansition area 15 10.6 R-Information Zone 10.6.1 Sub-divisions of the R-Information Zone 16 10.7 Information Zone 16 10.7.1 Sub-divisions of the Information zone 16 10.8 Track geometry 17 10.9 Channel bit length 17 10.10 Rim area 17 10.11 Remark on tolerances 17 10.12 Label 17 11 Mechanical parameter
16、s 18 11.1 Mass 18 11.2 Moment of inertia 18 11.3 Dynamic imbalance 18 11.4 Sense of rotation 18 11.5 Runout 18 11.5.1 Axial runout 18 11.5.2 Radial runout 18 12 Optical parameters 19 12.1 Recorded and unrecorded disk parameters 19 12.1.1 Index of refraction 19 12.1.2 Thickness of the transparent sub
17、strate 19 12.1.3 Angular deviation 12.1.4 Birefringence of the transparent substrate 19 12.2 Recorded disk reflectivity 19 12.3 Unrecorded disk parameters 20 12.3.1 Polarity of reflectivity modulation 20 12.3.2 Recording power sensitivity variation Section 3 - Operational signals 21 13 Operational s
18、ignals for recorded disk 21 13.1 Measurement conditions 21 13.2 Read conditions 21 13.3 Recorded disk high frequency (HF) signals 21 13.3.1 Modulated amplitude 21 13.3.2 Signal asymmetry 13.3.3 Cross-track signal 22 13.4 Quality of signals 22 - iii - 13.4.1 Jitter 22 13.4.2 Random errors 22 13.4.3 D
19、efects 22 13.5 Servo signals 22 13.5.1 Differential phase tracking error signal 22 13.5.2 Tangential push-pull signal 23 13.6 Groove wobble signal 24 14 Operational signals for the unrecorded disk 25 14.1 Measurement conditions 25 14.2 Recording conditions 14.3 Basic write strategy for media testing
20、 25 14.3.1 Definition of the write pulse 26 14.4 Servo signals 26 14.4.1 Radial push-pull tracking error signal 27 14.4.2 Defects 28 14.5 Addressing signals 28 14.5.1 Land Pre-Pit signal 14.5.2 Groove wobble signal 30 14.5.3 Relation in phase between wobble and Land Pre-Pit 31 Section 4 - Data forma
21、t 32 15 General 32 16 Data Frames 32 16.1 Identification Data (ID) 32 16.2 ID Error Detection Code 33 16.3 RSV 34 16.4 Error Detection Code 34 17 Scrambled Frames 34 18 ECC Block configuration 35 19 Recording Frames 36 20 Modulation 37 21 Physical Sectors 38 22 Suppress control of the d.c. component
22、 39 23 Linking scheme 40 - iv - 23.1 Structure of linking 40 23.2 2K-Link and 32K-Link 23.3 Lossless-Link 41 Section 5 - Format of the Information Zone 44 24 General description of the Information Zone 44 24.1 Layout of the Information Zone 44 24.2 Physical Sector numbering 25 Lead-in and Lead-out Z
23、one 45 25.1 Lead-in Zone 45 25.1.1 Initial Zone 46 25.1.2 Buffer Zone 0 46 25.1.3 R-Physical Format Information Zone 46 25.1.4 Reference Code Zone 48 25.1.5 Buffer Zone 1 48 25.1.6 Control Data Zone 25.1.7 Extra Border Zone 51 25.2 Lead-out Zone 52 Section 6 - Format of the Unrecorded Zone 53 26 Gen
24、eral description of the Unrecorded Zone 53 26.1 Layout of the Unrecorded Zone 53 26.2 ECC Block address 53 26.3 ECC Block numbering 27 Pre-pit Data format 54 27.1 General description 54 27.2 Pre-pit block structure 56 27.3 Pre-pit data block configuration 58 27.3.1 Relative address 59 27.3.2 ECC Blo
25、ck address data configuration 61 27.3.3 Parity A and Parity B 61 27.3.4 Field ID0 62 27.3.5 Field ID1 62 27.3.6 Field ID2 and ID5 64 27.3.7 Field ID3 and Field ID4 70 28 Data structure of R-Information Zone 72 28.1 Layout of Power Calibration Area and Recording Management Area 72 28.2 Structure of t
26、he Power Calibration Area 72 - v - 28.3 Data configuration of the Recording Management Area (RMA) 73 28.3.1 Sector format of the Recording Management Area 73 28.3.2 Recording Management Data (RMD) 74 Annex A (normative) Measurement of the angular deviation 83 Annex B (normative) Measurement of biref
27、ringence 85 Annex C (normative) Measurement of the differential phase tracking error 87 Annex D (normative) Measurement of light reflectance 91 Annex E (normative) Tapered cone for disk clamping 93 Annex F (normative) Measurement of jitter 95 Annex G (normative) 8-to-16 Modulation with RLL (2,10) re
28、quirements 99 Annex H (normative) Optimum Power Control 109 Annex J (normative) Measurement of the groove wobble amplitude 111 Annex K (normative) Measurement methods for the operational signals for an unrecorded disk 113 Annex L (normative) NBCA Code 115 Annex M (normative) Border Zone 121 Annex N
29、(normative) Write Strategy variations 131 Annex P (normative) Measurement method of the Land Pre-Pit signal 133 Annex Q (informative) Transportation 135 - vi - Section 1 - General 1 Scope This Ecma Standard specifies the mechanical, physical and optical characteristics of an 80 mm and a 120 mm DVD R
30、ecordable disk to enable the interchange of such disks. It specifies the quality of the pre-recorded, unrecorded and the recorded signals, the format of the data, the format of the information zone, the format of the unrecorded zone, and the recording method, thereby allowing for information interch
31、ange by means of such disks. This disk is identified as a DVD Recordable (DVD-R) disk. This Ecma Standard specifies 80 mm and 120 mm nominal diameter disks that may be either single or double sided, the conditions for conformance, the environments in which the disk is to be operated and stored, the
32、mechanical and physical characteristics of the disk, so as to provide mechanical interchange between data processing systems, the format of the pre-recorded information on an unrecorded disk, including the physical disposition of the tracks and sectors, the error correcting codes and the coding meth
33、od used, the format of the data and the recorded information on the disk, including the physical disposition of the tracks and sectors, the error correcting codes and the coding method used, the characteristics of the signals from pre-recorded and unrecorded areas on the disk, enabling data processi
34、ng systems to read the pre-recorded information and to write to the disks, the characteristics of the signals recorded on the disk, enabling data processing systems to read the data from the disk. This Ecma Standard provides for interchange of disks between disk drives. Together with a standard for
35、volume and file structure, it provides for full data interchange between data processing systems. 2 Conformance 2.1 Optical Disk A claim of conformance shall specify the type of the disk, i.e. its size and whether it is single-sided or double sided. An optical disk shall be in conformance with this
36、Ecma Standard if it meets the mandatory requirements specified for this type. 2.2 Generating system A generating system shall be in conformance with this Ecma Standard if the optical disk it generates is in accordance with 2.1. 2.3 Receiving system A receiving system shall be in conformance with thi
37、s Ecma Standard if it is able to handle an optical disk according to 2.1. 3 Reference The following standards contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this Ecma Standard. At the time of publication, the edition indicated was valid. All standards are subjecte
38、d to revision, and parties to agreements based on this Ecma Standard are - 1 - encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent edition of the standards listed below. ECMA-287 Safety of electronic equipment ECMA-94 Latin Alphabet No.1 4 Definitions For the purpose of this Ecma S
39、tandard the following definitions apply. 4.1 Block SYNC Guard Area The recorded area in the first ECC block of the contiguous area of which recording is started from the unrecorded area by using 32K-Link. 4.2 Border Zone The linking region that prevents the pick-up head from over running on an unrec
40、orded area when a disk is played back in a partially recorded state. 4.3 Channel bit The elements by which, after modulation, the binary values ZERO and ONE are represented on the disk by marks. 4.4 Clamping Zone The annular part of the disk within which a clamping force is applied by a clamping dev
41、ice. 4.5 Data Zone The zone between the Lead-in Zone and the Lead-out Zone in which user data is recorded. In Border recording mode, Border Zone is included in Data Zone. 4.6 Data Recordable Zone The zone that is available to record user data. 4.7 Digital Sum Value (DSV) The arithmetic sum obtained
42、from a bit stream by allocating the decimal value 1 to bits set to ONE and the decimal value 1 to bits set to Zero. 4.8 Disk at once recording A recording mode in which the Lead-in Zone, the user data and the Lead-out Zone are recorded sequentially. 4.9 Disk Reference Plane A plane defined by the pe
43、rfectly flat annular surface of an ideal spindle onto which the Clamping Zone of the disk is clamped, and which is normal to the axis of rotation. 4.10 ECC Block address The address embossed on the land as the Pre-pit Information, which represents the absolute physical address of the track used to d
44、efine the recording position of each area. The address is equal to the bit-inverted numbers from b23to b4of the Physical Sector Number recorded in the groove. NOTE The “ECC Block address“ definition is specific to this Standard. 4.11 Error Correction Code (ECC) A mathematical computation yielding ch
45、eck bytes used for the detection and correction of errors in data. - 2 - 4.12 Error Detection Code (EDC) A code designed to detect certain kinds of errors in data. Error Detection Code consists of data and the error detection parity. 4.13 Finalization The action in which the Lead-in Zone and the Lea
46、d-out Zone are recorded. 4.14 Groove The wobbled guidance track. 4.15 Incremental recording A recording mode in which the disk is recorded in several distinct recording operations (for example at different times and using different recording drives). In this recording mode, the specified linking sch
47、eme shall be used. 4.16 Information Zone The zone comprising the Lead-in Zone, the Data Zone and the Lead-out Zone. 4.17 Land The area between the grooves. 4.18 Land Pre-Pit (LPP) Pits embossed on the land during the manufacture of the disk substrate, which contain address information. 4.19 Lead-in
48、Zone The zone comprising Physical sectors adjacent to the inside of the Data Zone. 4.20 Lead-out Zone The zone comprising Physical sectors adjacent to the outside of the Data Zone. 4.21 Recording Management Area (RMA) The area containing the Recording Management Data (RMD), situated adjacent to the
49、inside of the Lead-in Zone. 4.22 Recording Management Data (RMD) The information about the recording on the disk, including information on each recording mode. 4.23 R-Information Zone The zone comprising the Power Calibration Area (PCA) and the Recording Management Area (RMA). 4.24 RZone Continuous ECC blocks assigned to user data during Incremental recording mode and Restricted Overwrite mode. 4.25 Sector The smallest addressable part of a track in the information zone of a disk that can be accessed independently of other addressable part
