1、BRITISH STANDARDBS EN 1005-5:2007Safety of machinery Human physical performance Part 5: Risk assessment for repetitive handling at high frequencyThe European Standard EN 1005-5:2007 has the status of a British StandardICS 13.110; 13.180g49g50g3g38g50g51g60g44g49g42g3g58g44g55g43g50g56g55g3g37g54g44g
2、3g51g40g53g48g44g54g54g44g50g49g3g40g59g38g40g51g55g3g36g54g3g51g40g53g48g44g55g55g40g39g3g37g60g3g38g50g51g60g53g44g42g43g55g3g47g36g58BS EN 1005-5:2007This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 30 March 2007 BSI 2007ISBN 978 0 580 5040
3、3 7National forewordThis British Standard was published by BSI. It is the UK implementation of EN 1005-5:2007. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted by Technical Committee PH/9, Applied ergonomics, to Subcommittee PH/9/4, Anthropometry and biomechanics.A list of organizations represe
4、nted on PH/9/4 can be obtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application.Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations.Amendments issued sin
5、ce publicationAmd. No. Date CommentsEUROPEAN STANDARDNORME EUROPENNEEUROPISCHE NORMEN 1005-5February 2007ICS 13.110; 13.180English VersionSafety of machinery - Human physical performance - Part 5:Risk assessment for repetitive handling at high frequencyScurit des machines - Performance physique huma
6、ine -Partie 5: Apprciation du risque relatif la manipulationrptitive frquence leveSicherheit von Maschinen - Menschliche krperlicheLeistung - Teil 5: Risikobeurteilung fr kurzzyklischeTtigkeiten bei hohen HandhabungsfrequenzenThis European Standard was approved by CEN on 16 December 2006.CEN members
7、 are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this EuropeanStandard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such nationalstandards may be obtained on application to
8、 the CEN Management Centre or to any CEN member.This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translationunder the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN Management Centre has the same
9、 status as theofficial versions.CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland,France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal,Romani
10、a, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATIONCOMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATIONEUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNGManagement Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels 2007 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reservedworld
11、wide for CEN national Members.Ref. No. EN 1005-5:2007: EEN 1005-5:2007 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword4 Introduction .5 1 Scope 6 2 Normative references 6 3 Terms and definitions .6 4 Abbreviations.7 5 Requirements.8 5.1 The application of standards relevant to this document.8 5.2 General aspects .8 5.
12、3 Risk assessment9 5.3.1 General9 5.3.2 Hazard identification .11 5.3.3 Risk estimation and simple evaluation of machinery related repetitive handling at high frequency (Method 1) 12 5.3.4 Detailed risk evaluation of machinery related repetitive handling at high frequency: risk reduction and risk re
13、duction option analysis (Method 2)13 6 Verification .17 7 Information for use 18 Annex A (informative) Identification of technical action.19 A.1 General19 A.2 Examples for identifying and counting technical actions.22 A.2.1 Example 1: Pick and place (Tables A.2 and A.3) 22 A.2.2 Example 2: Pick and
14、place with transfer from one hand to the other and with visual inspection (Table A.4).22 A.2.3 Example 3: Pick and place while transporting a load (Table A.5) 23 A.2.4 Example 4: Cyclical use of a tool with repeated and identical actions (Table A.6) 24 A.2.5 Example 5: Technical actions not carried
15、out in every cycle (Table A.7)24 Annex B (informative) Posture and types of movements .26 Annex C (informative) Force 31 C.1 General31 C.1.1 Introduction31 C.1.2 Procedure 1 A biomechanical approach based on user group strength distributions.31 C.2 Procedure 2 A psychophysical approach using the CR-
16、10 Borg scale33 Annex D (informative) Association between the OCRA index and the occurrence of Upper Limbs Work-related Musculo-Skeletal Disorders (UL-WMSDs): criteria for the classification of results and forecast models .34 D.1 General34 D.2 OCRA Index values, exposure areas and consequent actions
17、.37 Annex E (informative) Influence of recovery periods pattern and work time duration in determining the overall number of reference technical actions within a shift (RTA) and, consequently, the OCRA index 39 Annex F (informative) An application example of risk reduction in a mono-task analysis.41
18、F.1 Foreword.41 F.2 General: technical characteristics of the task 41 F.3 Hazard identification .43 EN 1005-5:2007 (E) 3 F.4 Method 1 .43 F.5 Method 2 .43 F.5.1 Description of awkward postures and movements and evaluation of the corresponding Posture multiplier (PoM) 43 F.5.2 Repetitiveness multipli
19、er (ReM).46 F.5.3 Evaluation of average force level and the corresponding Force Multiplier (FoM).46 F.5.4 Determination of the Recovery period multiplier (RcM) and the Duration multiplier (DuM) 47 F.5.5 Computation of reference technical actions per minute (RF).48 F.5.6 Computation of the OCRA index
20、48 F.5.7 OCRA index calculation for mono task analysis when the repetitive task duration should be assessed.48 F.5.8 Solutions to reduce the risk level 50 Annex G (informative) Definition and quantification of additional risk factors 58 Annex H (informative) Risk assessment by Method 2 when designin
21、g “multitask” jobs .60 H.1 OCRA index calculation when two or more repetitive tasks should be assessed .60 H.2 An application example: assessing repetitive tasks at a machine 61 H.2.1 Description of characteristics of two tasks 61 H.2.2 Definition of the corresponding multipliers62 H.2.3 Mono- task
22、analysis separately for task A and B: computation of the overall number Actual Technical Actions (ATA) in task A (Table H.3) and task B (Table H.4) .62 H.2.4 Mono- task analysis: computation of the overall number of reference technical actions within a shift (RTA) in task A (Table H.5) and task B (T
23、able H.6).65 H.2.5 Mono- task analysis: computation of the OCRA index in task A (Table H.5) and task B (Table H.6) 65 H.3 Multi-tasks analysis.67 H.3.1 Computation of the overall number of Actual Technical Actions (ATA) in task A and task B (Table H.7) 67 H.3.2 Computation of the overall number of r
24、eference technical actions (RTA) in task A and task B (Table H.7) 68 H.3.3 Computation of the overall number of reference technical actions within a shift in task A and task B (Table H.7).69 H.4 Conclusion .70 Bibliography71 EN 1005-5:2007 (E) 4 Foreword This document (EN 1005-5:2007) has been prepa
25、red by Technical Committee CEN/TC 122 “Ergonomics”, the secretariat of which is held by DIN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by August 2007, and conflicting national standards shall b
26、e withdrawn at the latest by August 2007. As a result of the assessment of the CEN consultant the standard will be published a non-harmonized standard (no reference to Machinery directive and no publication in the Official Journal of EC). EN 1005 consists of the following Parts, under the general ti
27、tle Safety of machinery Human physical performance: Part 1: Terms and definitions (harmonized standard); Part 2: Manual handling of machinery and component parts of machinery (harmonized standard); Part 3: Recommended force limits for machinery operation (harmonized standard); Part 4: Evaluation of
28、working postures and movements in relation to machinery (harmonized standard); Part 5: Risk assessment for repetitive handling at high frequency (non-harmonized standard). According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to
29、implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzer
30、land and United Kingdom. EN 1005-5:2007 (E) 5 Introduction Within the life cycle of a machine from construction to dismantling, various machine-related actions may require repetitive handling at high frequency. Repetitive handling at high frequency can cause musculoskeletal strain and the risk of fa
31、tigue, discomfort and musculoskeletal disorders. The designer of a machine should seek to minimise these health risks by taking into account a variety of risk factors including the frequency of actions, the force, postures, durations, lack of recovery and other additional factors. NOTE 1 Although fa
32、ctors such as duration and lack of recovery periods are relevant factors when assessing risk in relation to human physical performance in the workplace, these factors are controlled by the member states own national legislation, contract agreements with social partners and are not in the scope of th
33、is European Standard. The risk assessment method in this European Standard gives guidance to the designer how to reduce health risks for the operator. This European Standard is written in conformity with EN ISO 12100-1 and provides the user with guidance for hazard identification for harm through mu
34、sculoskeletal overload and tools for qualitative and, to an extent, a quantitative risk assessment. The risk assessment tools also indicate how to achieve risk reduction. This European Standard does not deal with risks related to accidents. The recommendations provided by this European Standard are
35、based on available scientific evidence concerning the physiology and epidemiology of manual work. The knowledge is, however, limited and the suggested guidelines are subject to changes according to future research. This European Standard is a type B standard as stated in EN ISO 12100-1. The provisio
36、ns of this European Standard can be supplemented or modified by a type C standard. NOTE 2 For machines which are covered by the scope of a type C standard and which have been designed and built according to the provisions of that standard, the provisions of that type C standard take precedence over
37、the provisions of this type B standard. EN 1005-5:2007 (E) 6 1 Scope This European Standard presents guidance to the designer of machinery or its component parts and the writer of type C standards in assessing and controlling health and safety risks due to machine-related repetitive handling at high
38、 frequency. This European Standard specifies reference data for action frequency of the upper limbs during machinery operation, and it presents a risk assessment method intended for risk reduction option analysis. This European Standard applies to machinery for professional operation by the healthy
39、adult working population. This European Standard is not applicable for repetitive movements and related risks of the neck, back and lower limbs. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition ci
40、ted applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN 614-1, Safety of machinery Ergonomic design principles Part 1: Terminology and general principles EN 614-2, Safety of machinery Ergonomic design principles Part 2: Interactions b
41、etween the design of machinery and work tasks EN 1005-2, Safety of machinery Human physical performance Part 2: Manual handling of machinery and component parts of machinery EN 1005-3:2002, Safety of machinery Human physical performance Part 3: Recommended force limits for machinery operation EN 100
42、5-4:2005, Safety of machinery Human physical performance Part 4: Evaluation of working postures and movements in relation to machinery EN 1050, Safety of machinery Principles for risk assessment EN ISO 12100-1, Safety of machinery Basic concepts, general principles for design Part 1: Basic terminolo
43、gy, methodology (ISO 12100-1:2003) EN ISO 12100-2, Safety of machinery Basic concepts, general principles for design Part 2: Technical principles (ISO 12100-2:2003) EN ISO 14738:2002, Safety of machinery Anthropometric requirements for the design of workstations at machinery (ISO 14738:2002) ISO/IEC
44、 Guide 51, Safety aspects Guidelines for their inclusion in standards 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. NOTE Terms and definitions used in EN and ISO standards referred to in this European Standard are also valid for this European S
45、tandard. EN 1005-5:2007 (E) 7 3.1 repetitive task task characterized by repeated work cycles 3.2 work cycle sequence of technical actions that are repeated always the same way 3.3 cycle time time elapsing from the moment when one operator begins a work cycle to the moment that the same work cycle is
46、 started (in seconds) 3.4 technical action elementary manual actions required to complete the operations within the work cycle, such as holding, turning, pushing, cutting 3.5 repetitiveness characteristic of task when a person is continuously repeating the same work cycle, technical actions and move
47、ments 3.6 frequency of actions number of technical actions per minute 3.7 force physical effort of the operator required to execute the technical actions 3.8 postures and movements positions and movements of body segment(s) or joint(s) required to execute the technical actions 3.9 recovery time peri
48、od of rest following a period of activity in which restoration of human tissue can occur (in minutes) 3.10 additional factors risk factors which include other factors for which there is evidence of causal or aggravating relationship with work-related musculoskeletal disorders of the upper limb, e.g.
49、 vibrations, local pressure, cold environment, cold surfaces 4 Abbreviations For the purposes of this document, the following abbreviations apply. Acronyms Legend for abbreviations AdM Additional factors Multiplier ATA Number of Actual Technical Actions within a shift CF “Constant of Frequency” of technical actions per minute D net Duration in minutes of each repetitive task DuM Duration Multiplier FCT Foreseeable duration of the Cycle Time (in seconds) EN 1005-5:2007 (E) 8 FF Foreseeable Frequency of technical
