1、BS EN1097-7:2008ICS 91.100.15NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAWBRITISH STANDARDTests for mechanicaland physicalproperties ofaggregatesPart 7: Determination of the particledensity of filler Pyknometer methodThis British Standardwas published under theauthority of t
2、he StandardsPolicy and StrategyCommittee on 30 April2009 BSI 2009ISBN 978 0 580 58931 7Amendments/corrigenda issued since publicationDate CommentsBS EN 1097-7:2008National forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of EN 1097-7:2008. Itsupersedes BS EN 1097-7:1999 which is withdrawn.The
3、UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to TechnicalCommittee B/502/6, Test methods.A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained onrequest to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisionsof a contract. Users are responsible
4、 for its correct application.Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunityfrom legal obligations.BS EN 1097-7:2008EUROPEAN STANDARDNORME EUROPENNEEUROPISCHE NORMEN 1097-7March 2008ICS 91.100.15 Supersedes EN 1097-7:1999 English VersionTests for mechanical and physical properties of aggre
5、gates -Part 7: Determination of the particle density of filler - PyknometermethodEssais pour dterminer les caractristiques mcaniques etphysiques des granulats - Partie 7: Dtermination de lamasse volumique absolue du filler - mthode aupicnomtrePrfverfahren fr mechanische und physikalischeEigenschafte
6、n von Gesteinskrnungen - Teil 7:Bestimmung der Rohdichte von Fller - Pyknometer-VerfahrenThis European Standard was approved by CEN on 4 February 2008.CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this EuropeanStandard the status
7、of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such nationalstandards may be obtained on application to the CEN Management Centre or to any CEN member.This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A vers
8、ion in any other language made by translationunder the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN Management Centre has the same status as theofficial versions.CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denma
9、rk, Estonia, Finland,France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal,Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATIONCOMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATIONE
10、UROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNGManagement Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels 2008 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reservedworldwide for CEN national Members.Ref. No. EN 1097-7:2008: EBS EN 1097-7:2008EN 1097-7:2008 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword3 1 Scope 4 2 Normativ
11、e references 4 3 Terms and definitions .4 4 Principle5 5 Materials .5 6 Apparatus .5 7 Preparation of test portion6 8 Procedure .6 9 Calculation and expression of results.6 10 Test report 7 Annex A (normative) Calibration of the pyknometer.8 Annex B (normative) Procedure for the determination of the
12、 density of the liquid used to determine the particle density of the filler 10 Annex C (informative) Precision 12 Bibliography 13 BS EN 1097-7:2008EN 1097-7:2008 (E) 3 Foreword This document (EN 1097-7:2008) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 154 “Aggregates”, the secretariat of which i
13、s held by BSI. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by September 2008, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by September 2008. Attention is drawn to the poss
14、ibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This document supersedes EN 1097-7:1999. This European Standard forms part of a series of standards for tests for me
15、chanical and physical properties of aggregates. Test methods for other properties of aggregates will be covered by parts of the following European Standards: EN 932, Tests for general properties of aggregates EN 933, Tests for geometrical properties of aggregates EN 1367, Tests for thermal and weath
16、ering properties of aggregates EN 1744, Tests for chemical properties of aggregates EN 13179, Tests for filler aggregate used in bituminous mixtures The other parts of EN 1097 will be: Part 1: Determination of the resistance to wear (micro-Deval) Part 2: Methods for the determination of resistance t
17、o fragmentation Part 3: Determination of loose bulk density and voids Part 4: Determination of the voids of dry compacted filler Part 5: Determination of the water content by drying in a ventilated oven Part 6: Determination of particle density and water absorption Part 8: Determination of the polis
18、hed stone value Part 9: Determination of the resistance to wear by abrasion from studded tyres - Nordic test Part 10: Determination of water suction height According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this E
19、uropean Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the Uni
20、ted Kingdom. BS EN 1097-7:2008EN 1097-7:2008 (E) 4 1 Scope This standard describes the reference method used for type testing and in cases of dispute for the determination of the particle density of filler by means of a pyknometer. For other purposes, in particular factory production control, other
21、methods may be used provided that an appropriate working relationship with the reference method has been established. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated re
22、ferences, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN 932-2, Tests for general properties of aggregates - Part 2: Methods for reducing laboratory samples EN 932-5, Tests for general properties of aggregates - Part 5: Common equipment and calibration ISO 3507,
23、 Laboratory glassware - Pyknometers 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1 laboratory sample reduced sample derived from a bulk sample for laboratory testing 3.2 test portion sample used as a whole in a single test 3.3 test specimen
24、sample used in a single determination when a test method requires more than one determination of a property 3.4 constant mass successive weighings after drying at least 1 h apart not differing by more than 0,1 % NOTE In many cases constant mass can be achieved after a test portion has been dried for
25、 a pre-determined period in a specified oven (see 6.6) at (110 5) C. Test laboratories can determine the time required to achieve constant mass for specific types and sizes of sample dependent upon the drying capacity of the oven used. 3.5 particle density of filler mass per volume unit of filler ex
26、cluding any trapped air 3.6 filler aggregate aggregate, most of which passes a 0,063 mm sieve, which can be added to construction materials to provide certain properties BS EN 1097-7:2008EN 1097-7:2008 (E) 5 4 Principle The pyknometer method is a well known method for determining the volume of irreg
27、ularly formed samples, e.g., aggregate. When the mass of the sample is known, the density can be calculated. The principle is based on the replacement of a certain amount of liquid of known density with the test portion. A pyknometer with known volume, containing the test portion, is topped up with
28、the liquid. The volume of this liquid is calculated by dividing the mass of the liquid added by the liquid density. The volume of the test portion is then calculated by subtraction of this volume from the pyknometer volume. 5 Materials 5.1 Suitable liquid, in which the filler does not dissolve and w
29、ith which the filler does not react. NOTE Water, denatured ethanol, redistilled kerosene or toluene have been found to be suitable for different types of filler. 5.2 Demineralized water, boiled and cooled, for calibration (see Annex A). 5.3 Acetone, for calibration (see Annex A). 6 Apparatus 6.1 All
30、 apparatus, unless otherwise stated, shall conform to the general requirements of EN 932-5. 6.2 Pyknometer, of nominal capacity 50 ml, conforming to ISO 3507. The stopper shall be concave at the underside, and shall include a thick-walled capillary (riser pipe) whose top has been ground to a level s
31、urface. NOTE The pyknometer can be fitted with a thermometer. 6.3 Water bath, capable of being maintained at (25 0,1) C. 6.4 Balance, accurate to the nearest 0,001 g for the determination. 6.5 Balance, accurate to the nearest 0,000 1 g for calibration (see Annex A). 6.6 Drying oven, thermostatically
32、 controlled to maintain a temperature of (110 5) C. 6.7 Desiccator, filled with an appropriate amount of desiccant. 6.8 Vacuum desiccator. 6.9 Vacuum pump, capable of achieving a residual pressure of less than 3,0 kPa. 6.10 Spatula. 6.11 Test sieve, 0,125 mm and suitable receiver. BS EN 1097-7:2008E
33、N 1097-7:2008 (E) 6 7 Preparation of test portion Reduce the size of the laboratory sample in accordance with EN 932-2. The test portion before drying shall have a minimum mass of 50 g. Dry the test portion at (110 5) C to constant mass and leave it to cool down in the desiccator (see 6.7) for at le
34、ast 90 min. Check the test portion for the presence of lumps and, if present, pulverize them carefully with the spatula and mix the pulverized lumps. Dry sieve the filler using the 0,125 mm sieve. Retain all the particles which pass the sieve. 8 Procedure Carry out the determination of density using
35、 three separate test specimens, using a calibrated pyknometer or pyknometers (see Annex A) and a liquid of a known density (see Annex B). Carry out all weighing with an accuracy of 0,001 g. Proceed as follows for each of the three determinations. Weigh the clean and dry pyknometer with stopper (mo).
36、 Fill the pyknometer with (10 1) g of filler taken from the test portion and weigh it again (m1). Add sufficient liquid to completely submerge the test specimen. NOTE Add the liquid very carefully allowing it to percolate through the filler in the pyknometer. Put the stopper in the pyknometer, place
37、 the pyknometer in the vacuum desiccator and evacuate it with the vacuum pump in approximately 5 min to less than 3,0 kPa. Leave the pyknometer for at least 30 min in the vacuum desiccator at a pressure less than 3,0 kPa. After restoring the air pressure in the desiccator, take the pyknometer out an
38、d fill it with liquid. Place the pyknometer without stopper in the water bath at (25 0,1) oC so that the top protrudes between 2 mm to 3 mm above the water level in the bath. After 60 min, put the stopper in the pyknometer causing an amount of liquid to come out of the capillary. Dry the top of the
39、capillary and remove the pyknometer from the water bath. Quickly cool the pyknometer in cold (running) water, to prevent liquid expanding out of the capillary due to warm handling. Carefully dry the outside and weigh the pyknometer filled with test specimen and liquid (m2). 9 Calculation and express
40、ion of results Calculate the particle density of the filler, in megagrams per cubic metre, in accordance with the following equation: flmmVmm=1021(1) where m0 is the mass of the empty pyknometer with stopper, in grams; m1 is the mass of the pyknometer with the filler test portion, in grams; BS EN 10
41、97-7:2008EN 1097-7:2008 (E) 7 m2 is the mass of the pyknometer with the filler test portion, topped up with liquid (see 5.1), in grams; V is the volume of the pyknometer, in millilitres (see Annex A); l is the density of liquid at 25 C, in megagrams per cubic metre (see Annex B); fis the particle de
42、nsity of the filler at 25 C, in megagrams per cubic metre. Calculate the particle density of the filler as the mean of the three determinations, and round off to the nearest 0,01 Mg/m3. NOTE A statement on the precision of this test is given in Annex C. 10 Test report 10.1 Required data The test rep
43、ort shall include the following information: a) particle density fof the filler; b) reference to this European Standard (EN 1097-7:2008); c) brand name or type/source of the filler; d) name and location of the sample source; e) liquid used for the determination and its density l(see Annex B); f) dat
44、e of the determination. 10.2 Optional data The test report can include the following information: a) description of the material; b) description of the sampling procedure; c) weighing data and the densities from the three individual determinations. BS EN 1097-7:2008EN 1097-7:2008 (E) 8 Annex A (norm
45、ative) Calibration of the pyknometer A.1 General The pyknometer (see 6.2) shall be calibrated by determining its volume. A.2 Procedure A.2.1 Clean the pyknometer by thoroughly rinsing it several times with acetone (see 5.3) and dry it. A.2.2 Weigh the pyknometer together with the stopper (mO). Carry
46、 out both weighings with an accuracy of 0,0001 g. A.2.3 Fill the pyknometer with demineralized water (see 5.2). A.2.4 Place the pyknometer (without stopper) in the water bath at (25 0,1) oC, so that the top protrudes between 2 mm and 3 mm above the water level in the bath. A.2.5 After 60 min, place
47、the stopper on the pyknometer, causing an amount of water to come out of the capillary. A.2.6 Dry the top of the capillary and remove the pyknometer from the water bath. A.2.7 Quickly cool the pyknometer in cold (running) water, to prevent demineralized water expanding out of the capillary due to wa
48、rm handling. A.2.8 Carefully dry the outside and weigh the pyknometer filled with water (m3). A.2.9 Calculate the volume of the pyknometer, in millilitres, in accordance with the following equation: wmmV03= (A.1) where V is the volume of the pyknometer, in millilitres; mois the mass of the empty pyk
49、nometer with stopper, in grams; m3is the mass of the pyknometer, filled with water, in grams; BS EN 1097-7:2008EN 1097-7:2008 (E) 9 wis the density of water at 25 C, in megagrams per cubic metre (= 0,997 07). Report the result to the nearest 0,01 ml. BS EN 1097-7:2008EN 1097-7:2008 (E) 10 Annex B (normative) Procedure for the determination of the density of the liquid used to determine the particle density of the filler B.1 General The pyknometer (see 6.2) shall be calibrated by determining its volume. B.2 Procedure B.2.1 Clean the py
