1、BSI Standards PublicationBS EN 13001-3-2:2014Cranes General designPart 3-2: Limit states and proof ofcompetence of wire ropes in reevingsystemsBS EN 13001-3-2:2014 BRITISH STANDARDNational forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of EN 13001-3-2:2014. It supersedes DD CEN/TS 13001-3-2:
2、2004, which is withdrawn.Users attention is drawn to the fact that neither BS 2573-1:1983 nor BS 2573-2:1980 should be used in conjunction with the EN 13001 series as they are not complementary. The BS 2573 series will remain current until all parts of the BS EN 13001 series cited above have been pu
3、blished to ensure that a coherent package of standards remains available in the UK during the transition to European standards.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted by Technical Committee MHE/3, Cranes and derricks, to Subcommittee MHE/3/1, Crane design.A list of organizations repres
4、ented on this subcommittee can be obtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. The British Standards Institution 2014. Published by BSI Standards Limited 2014ISBN 978 0
5、 580 79309 7ICS 21.220.20; 53.020.20Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations.This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 30 November 2014.Amendments/corrigenda issued since publicationDate Text affe
6、ctedThis standard, together with BS EN 13001-1:2004+A1:2009, BS EN 13001-2:2014, BS EN 13001-3-1:2012+A1:2013, BS EN 13001-3-3:2014, BS EN 13001-3-4 and DD CEN/TS 13001-3-5:2010, supersedes BS 2573-1:1983 and BS 2573-2:1980, which will be withdrawn on publication of all parts of the BS EN 13001 seri
7、es. EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN 13001-3-2 August 2014 ICS 21.220.20; 53.020.20 Supersedes CEN/TS 13001-3-2:2008English Version Cranes - General design - Part 3-2: Limit states and proof of competence of wire ropes in reeving systems Appareils de levage charge suspendue - Con
8、ception gnrale - Partie 3-2 : Etats limites et vrification daptitude des cbles en acier moufls Krane - Konstruktion allgemein - Teil 3-2: Grenzzustnde und Sicherheitsnachweis von Drahtseilen in Seiltrieben This European Standard was approved by CEN on 14 June 2014. CEN members are bound to comply wi
9、th the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Mana
10、gement Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same st
11、atus as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Mal
12、ta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2014 CE
13、N All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 13001-3-2:2014 EBS EN 13001-3-2:2014EN 13001-3-2:2014 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword 4 Introduction .5 1 Scope 6 2 Normative references 6 3 Terms, definitions, symbols and abbreviations .
14、7 3.1 Terms and definitions .7 3.2 Symbols and abbreviations 7 4 General 9 4.1 Running ropes 9 4.2 Stationary ropes.9 4.3 Discard criteria 10 4.4 Rope and rope terminations 10 4.5 Documentation 10 5 Proof of static strength 10 5.1 General . 10 5.2 Vertical hoisting 10 5.2.1 Design rope force . 10 5.
15、2.2 Inertial and gravitational effects 11 5.2.3 Rope reeving efficiency . 12 5.2.4 Non parallel falls . 13 5.2.5 Horizontal forces on the hoist load. 13 5.3 Non vertical drives 14 5.3.1 Design rope force . 14 5.3.2 Equivalent force 15 5.3.3 Inertial effects 16 5.3.4 Rope reeving efficiency . 17 5.3.
16、5 Non parallel falls . 17 5.4 Limit design rope force 17 6 Proof of fatigue strength 18 6.1 General . 18 6.2 Design rope force . 18 6.2.1 Principle conditions 18 6.2.2 Inertial effects 19 6.2.3 Non parallel falls . 19 6.2.4 Horizontal forces in vertical hoisting 20 6.3 Limit design rope force 21 6.3
17、.1 Basic formula 21 6.3.2 Rope force history parameter 21 6.3.3 Rope force spectrum factor . 21 6.3.4 Relative total number of bendings 22 6.4 Further influences on the limit design rope force . 22 6.4.1 Basic formula 22 6.4.2 Diameters of drum and sheaves . 23 6.4.3 Tensile strength of wire . 23 6.
18、4.4 Fleet angle . 23 6.4.5 Rope lubrication 24 BS EN 13001-3-2:2014EN 13001-3-2:2014 (E) 3 6.4.6 Groove 25 6.4.7 Rope types . 25 6.5 Additional requirements for multilayer drum . 26 7 Stationary ropes 27 7.1 Proof of static strength . 27 7.2 Proof of fatigue strength . 27 Annex A (normative) Number
19、of relevant bendings 29 Annex B (informative) Guidance for selection of design number of hoist ropes lrused during the design life of crane 33 Annex C (informative) Selection of a suitable set of crane standards for a given application . 34 Annex ZA (informative) Relationship between this European S
20、tandard and the Essential Requirements of EU Directive 2006/42/EC 35 Bibliography 36 BS EN 13001-3-2:2014EN 13001-3-2:2014 (E) 4 Foreword This document (EN 13001-3-2:2014) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 147 “Crane Safety”, the secretariat of which is held by BSI. This European Stand
21、ard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by February 2015 and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by February 2015. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of
22、this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This document supersedes CEN/TS 13001-3-2:2008. CEN/TC 147/WG 2 has reviewed CEN/TS 13001-3-2:2008 to adapt the standard to the technical progress. The m
23、ajor changes in this document are in the following clauses: 6.3 and 6.5; there are new issues in Clause 7. The provisions of this standard shall not be mandatory to cranes manufactured within the first 12 months following the date of availability (DAV) of the standard. This document has been prepare
24、d under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU Directive(s). For relationship with EU Directive(s), see informative Annex ZA, which is an integral part of this document. This European Standard is one Part o
25、f EN 13001, Cranes General design. The other parts are as follows: Part 1: General principles and requirements Part 2: Load actions Part 3-1: Limit states and proof of competence of steel structures Part 3-3: Limit states and proof of competence of wheel/rail contacts Part 3-4: Limit states and proo
26、f of competence of machinery Part 3-5: Limit states and proof of competence of forged hooks According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, C
27、zech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United King
28、dom. BS EN 13001-3-2:2014EN 13001-3-2:2014 (E) 5 Introduction This European Standard has been prepared to be a harmonized standard to provide one means for the mechanical design and theoretical verification of cranes to conform to the essential health and safety requirements of the Machinery Directi
29、ve, as amended. This standard also establishes interfaces between the user (purchaser) and the designer, as well as between the designer and the component manufacturer, in order to form a basis for selecting cranes and components. This European Standard is a type C standard as stated in EN ISO 12100
30、. The machinery concerned and the extent to which hazards, hazardous situations and events are covered are indicated in the scope of this standard. When provisions of this type C standard are different from those which are stated in type A or B standards, the provisions of this type C standard take
31、precedence over the provisions of the other standards, for machines. BS EN 13001-3-2:2014EN 13001-3-2:2014 (E) 6 1 Scope This European Standard is to be used together with EN 13001-1 and EN 13001-2 and as such they specify general conditions, requirements and methods to prevent mechanical hazards of
32、 wire ropes of cranes by design and theoretical verification. NOTE Specific requirements for particular types of cranes are given in the appropriate European Standard for the particular crane type. The following is a list of significant hazardous situations and hazardous events that could result in
33、risks to persons during intended use and reasonably foreseeable misuse. Clauses 5 to 6 of this standard are necessary to reduce or eliminate risks associated with the following hazard: exceeding the limits of strength (yield, ultimate, fatigue). This European Standard is not applicable to cranes whi
34、ch are manufactured before the date of its publication as EN and serves as reference base for the European Standards for particular crane types (see Annex C). EN 13001-3-2 deals only with the limit state method in accordance with EN 13001-1. 2 Normative references The following documents, in whole o
35、r in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN 1990:2002, Eurocode Basis of structural
36、 design EN 12385-2, Steel wire ropes Safety Part 2: Definitions, designation and classification EN 12385-4, Steel wire ropes Safety Part 4: Stranded ropes for general lifting applications EN 13001-1, Cranes General design Part 1: General principles and requirements EN 13001-2, Crane safety General d
37、esign Part 2: Load actions EN 13411-1, Terminations for steel wire ropes Safety Part 1: Thimbles for steel wire rope slings EN 13411-2, Terminations for steel wire ropes Safety Part 2: Splicing of eyes for wire rope slings EN 13411-3, Terminations for steel wire ropes Safety Part 3: Ferrules and fer
38、rule-securing EN 13411-4, Terminations for steel wire ropes Safety Part 4: Metal and resin socketing EN 13411-6, Terminations for steel wire ropes Safety Part 6: Asymmetric wedge socket EN ISO 12100:2010, Safety of machinery General principles for design Risk assessment and risk reduction (ISO 12100
39、:2010) ISO 4306-1:2007, Cranes Vocabulary Part 1: General ISO 4309, Cranes Wire ropes Care and maintenance, inspection and discard BS EN 13001-3-2:2014EN 13001-3-2:2014 (E) 7 3 Terms, definitions, symbols and abbreviations 3.1 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the terms and de
40、finitions given in EN ISO 12100:2010 and the basic list of definitions as provided in EN 1990:2002 apply. For the definitions of loads, Clause 6 of ISO 4306-1:2007 applies. 3.2 Symbols and abbreviations The symbols and abbreviations used in this Part of the EN 13001 are given in Table 1. Table 1 Sym
41、bols and abbreviations Symbols, abbreviations Description a Acceleration C Total number of working cycles (see EN 130011) during design life of crane D Relevant diameter DdrumMinimum pitch diameter of drum DsheaveMinimum pitch diameter of sheave DcompMinimum pitch diameter of compensating sheave d R
42、ope diameter dbearingDiameter of bearing or shaft FequEquivalent force FgdPart of Fequinduced by gravity, exclusive of mass of payload, amplified by pFglPart of Fequinduced by gravity forces of mass of payload, amplified by pFoPart of Fequinduced by any other forces, amplified by pFRd,sLimit design
43、rope force for the proof of static strength FRd,fLimit design rope force for the proof of fatigue strength FSd,sDesign rope force for the proof of static strength FrPart of Fequinduced by resistances, amplified by pFSd,fDesign rope force for the proof of fatigue strength FtPart of Fequinduced by rop
44、e tightening forces, amplified by pFuMinimum rope breaking force FwPart of Fequinduced by wind forces, amplified by pffFactor of further influences ff1Factor of diameter ratio influence ff2Factor tensile strength of wire influence BS EN 13001-3-2:2014EN 13001-3-2:2014 (E) 8 Symbols, abbreviations De
45、scription ff3Factor of fleet angle influence ff4Factor of lubrication influence ff5Factor of multilayer drum influence ff6Factor of groove radius influence ff7Factor of rope type influence fS1Rope force increasing factor from rope reeving efficiency fS2Rope force increasing factor from non parallel
46、falls fS3Rope force increasing factor from horizontal acceleration sif*Rope force increasing factors in fatigue g Acceleration due to gravity i Index for cycles of lifting and lowering imaxTotal number of movements krRope force spectrum factor lrNumber of ropes used during design life of the crane q
47、 Normalized height distribution mHMass of hoist load (see EN 130012) mHrMass of hoist load that is acting on the rope falls under consideration mrRotatory rope driven mass mtTranslational rope driven mass nsNumber of fixed sheave between drum and moving part nmMechanical advantage nrNumber of ropes
48、reeved from a drum R0Minimum tensile strength of the wire used in the rope RDdReference ratio of rope bending diameter to rope diameter RrTensile strength level of wire rgGroove radius srRope force history parameter t Rope type factor w Number of relevant bendings per movement wcBending count wDNumb
49、er of bendings at reference point wtotTotal number of bendings BS EN 13001-3-2:2014EN 13001-3-2:2014 (E) 9 Symbols, abbreviations Description z, zi, zmin, zmax, zrefHeight coordinates Angle of slope , maxAngles between falls and line of acting force Angle between gravity and projected rope in plane of Fhand g nRisk coefficient pPartial safety factor rbMinimum rope resistance factor (static) rfMinimum rope resistance factor (fatigue) Design fleet angle Angle between sheave plane
