1、BRITISH STANDARD BS EN 2955:1993 Aerospace series Recycling of titanium and titanium alloy scrap ICS 49.025.30 Incorporating corrigendum January 1995National foreword This British Standard is the UK implementation of EN 2955:1993, The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Co
2、mmittee ACE/61/-/49, Titanium and its alloys. A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary. This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. Compliance with
3、 a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations. BS EN 2955:1993 This British Standard, having been prepared under the direction of the Aerospace Standards Policy Committee, was published under the authority of the Standards Board and comes into effect on 15 September 1993 BSI 2009
4、 Amendments/corrigenda issued since publication Date Comments 30 November 2009 Implementation of CEN corrigendum January 1995 modification of first dashed item in 4.4.2 ISBN 978 0 580 61002 8 incorporating corrigendum January 1995. EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN 2955 July 1993
5、UDC 669.295.002.68:620.1:629.7 Descriptors: Aircraft industry, titanium, titanium alloys, metal scrap, burrs, waste recycling English version Aerospace series Recycling of titanium and titanium alloy scrap Srie arospatiale Recyclage des chutes de titane et dalliages de titane Luft- und Raumfahrt Wie
6、deraufbereitung von Schrott aus Titan und Titanlegierungen This European Standard was approved by CEN on 1993-07-26. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without an
7、y alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by
8、 translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Lux
9、embourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. CEN European Committee for Standardization Comit Europen de Normalisation Europisches Komitee fr Normung Central Secretariat: rue de Stassart 36, B-1050 Brussels 1993 Copyright reserved to CEN members Ref. No. EN
10、2955:1993 E Incorporating corrigendum January 1995 BSI 2009 2 Foreword This European Standard has been prepared by the European Association of Aerospace Manufacturers (AECMA). After inquiries and votes carried out in accordance with the rules of this Association, this standard has successively recei
11、ved the approval of the National Associations and the Official Services of the member countries of AECMA, prior to its presentation to CEN. This standard was submitted for Formal Vote, and the result was positive. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by pub
12、lication of an identical text or by endorsement at the latest by January 1994, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by January 1994. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgi
13、um, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, United Kingdom. Contents Page Foreword 2 1 Scope 3 2 Normative references 3 3 Definitions 3 4 Recycling 3 Annex A (normative) Flow chart for scrap recycling
14、8 Table 1 Classification of titanium and titanium alloy scrap 5 BS EN 2955:19933 1 Scope This standard specifies the general requirements for recycling, by vacuum remelting, titanium and titanium alloy scrap used for the production of ingots. 2 Normative references This European Standard incorporate
15、s by dated or undated reference, provisions from other publications. These normative references are cited in the appropriate places in the text and the publications are listed hereafter. For dated references, subsequent amendments to or revisions of any of these publications apply to this European S
16、tandard only when incorporated in it by amendment or revision. For undated references the latest edition of the publication referred to applies. EN 2000, Aerospace series Quality assurance EN aerospace products Approval of the quality system of manufacturers. 3 Definitions 3.1 scrap processor the sc
17、rap processor classifies the scrap and guarantees conformity to the melters requirements. Scrap processing may be carried out by an independant processor (scrap dealer), by the melters processing department or by the purchasers processing department 3.2 melter a company which manufactures titanium o
18、r titanium alloy ingots 3.3 purchaser body which purchases the products from a manufacturer or a stockist in accordance with the requirements of the user NOTE the purchaser may also be the user. 3.4 user see EN 2000 3.5 melters recovery department the department responsible for recovering the scrap
19、produced by the melter and preparing it for treatment by the scrap processor 3.6 purchasers recovery department the department responsible for recovering the scrap produced by the purchaser and preparing it for treatment by the scrap processor 3.7 scrap lot scrap from the same alloy and same classif
20、ication prepared by the same processor in accordance with the same process schedule and processed at the same time 3.8 classification of scrap the scrap categories and sub-categories are defined in the Table 1 3.9 traceable scrap individual pieces of scrap, the history of which can be traced back to
21、 the original ingot 3.10 massive scrap scrap with an individual mass ofU 0,5 kg 3.11 light scrap scrap with an individual mass of 0,5 kg 3.12 non-contaminated scrap scrap which is free from contamination caused by: welding; brazing; electrolytic deposits; painting; coating; oxidation caused by heati
22、ng; nitriding; etc. 4 Recycling For flow chart for scrap recycling see Annex A. 4.1 General requirements The scrap shall: come exclusively from aerospace quality products, but only if any defects which led to the rejection can be removed by remelting (e.g. without high density inclusions, HDI, carbi
23、des). BS EN 2955:1993 BSI 20094 be collected, segregated according to alloy type, classified in accordance with the Table 1, put into boxes and marked with an identification number according to a laid-down procedure. 4.2 Approval For each scrap category, the scrap processor shall demonstrate that hi
24、s sorting process is capable of yielding a product that meets the requirements of this standard. In order to demonstrate this capability, a verification programme shall be established in conjunction with the melter and the purchaser. After satisfactory results, the scrap processor shall be approved
25、for processing of the scrap category concerned. 4.3 Procedure Methods for inspection, cleaning, preparation, identification, maintenance of traceability and test frequency shall be laid down in a written procedure for each scrap category. The melter and the purchaser shall have access to all documen
26、ts and installations of the scrap processor in order to verify the application of the procedure. Any proposed change to this procedure shall be submitted for approval to the melter and, if appropriate, to the purchaser. The scrap processor shall furnish a certificate of conformity to the requirement
27、s of the order for each lot which shall include the following information: scrap lot number, alloy type, scrap category or sub-category, chemical composition, mass of scrap lot. 4.4 Technical requirements 4.4.1 General The scrap shall be cleaned and segregated into uniform lots corresponding to one
28、of the categories or sub-categories in the Table 1. Contaminated zones shall be removed. Massive scrap shall be individually inspected to verify the alloy. With the exception of oxygen, carbon and hydrogen in the case of turnings, the chemical composition of the scrap shall conform to the requiremen
29、ts of the relevant standard. 4.4.2 Turnings In addition to the information given in the Table 1, sorting of turnings shall include: a screening to eliminate particles 1 mm, a test equipment (X-ray or equivalent technique) to guarantee the elimination of particles from the tungsten carbide tools with
30、 a diameter of: U 0,4 mm for turnings sub-categories 4.2.1 and 4.3.1, U 1,0 mm for turnings sub-categories 4.2.2 and 4.3.2 (see Table 1). The efficiency of this test equipment shall be assessed periodically by introducing and detecting tungsten carbide balls with a diameter of 0,4 mm (sub-categories
31、 4.2.1 and 4.3.1) or 1,0 mm (sub-categories 4.2.2 and 4.3.2) in accordance with the specification of the melter. BS EN 2955:1993 BSI 20095 Table 1 Classification of titanium and titanium alloy scrap 1 2 3 4 5 Definitions of categories Definitions of sub-categories Requirement Inspection method Test
32、frequency 1 Traceable massive or light scrap, individually inspected 1.1 Clean and non-contaminated scrap or scrap from which contaminated zones have been removed by mechanical cutting a 1.2 Scrap in which contaminated zones have been removed by a method other than mechanical cutting (e.g.: vapour b
33、lasting, etching) Material identification As defined by the scrap processor 100 % 2 Non-traceable massive or light scrap, individually inspected 2.1 Clean and non contaminated zones scrap and scrap which contaminated zones have been removed by mechanical cutting a 2.2 Scrap in which contaminated zon
34、es have been removed by a method other than mechanical cutting (e.g.: vapour blasting, etching) Non-contamination and cleanness Visual 100 % 3 Non-traceable light scrap inspected by sampling 3.1 Clean and non-contaminated scrap or scrap from which contaminated zones have been removed by mechanical c
35、utting a Material identification As defined by the scrap processor By representative sampling in accordance with the specification of the melter 3.2 Scrap in which contaminated zone have been removed by a method other than mechanical cutting (e.g.: vapour blasting, etching) Non-contamination and cle
36、anness Visual 100 % evaluation a Scrap machined with other than high speed steel tools shall be the next sub-category. BS EN 2955:1993 BSI 20096 Table 1 Classification of titanium and titanium alloy scrap 1 2 3 4 5 Definitions of categories Definitions of sub-categories Requirement Inspection method
37、 Test frequency 4 Turnings 4.1 From machining with high speed steel tools, of the same alloy, clean Magnetic sorting a Chemical composition Cleanness As defined by the scrap processor Visual 100 % By representative sampling 100 % evaluation 4.2 4.2.1 From machining with tungsten carbide tools contai
38、ning more than 5,5 % cobalt and having verified ferromagnetism of the same alloy clean with no tungsten carbide particlesU 0,4 mm diameter Magnetic sorting Chemical composition Cleanness As defined by the scrap processor Visual 100 % By representative sampling 100 % evaluation 4.2.2 From machining w
39、ith tungsten carbide tools containing more than 5,5 % cobalt and having verified ferromagnetism of the same alloy clean with no tungsten carbide particles U 1,0 mm diameter No tungsten carbide tools particles U 0,4 mm for 4.2.1 and U 1,0 mm for 4.2.2 X-ray or equivalent 100 % a The efficiency of mag
40、netic sorting shall be assessed periodically in accordance with the specification of the melter. BS EN 2955:1993 BSI 20097 Table 1 Classification of titanium and titanium alloy scrap 1 2 3 4 5 Definitions of categories Definitions of sub-categories Requirement Inspection method Test frequency 4 4.3.
41、1 From machining with non magnetic tools or unknown tools of the same alloy clean with no tungsten carbide particlesU 0,4 mm diameter No non magnetic particles and no particles which can be magnetized Chemical composition Magnetic sorting a+ a i r s e p a r a t i o n of non-magnetic particles As def
42、ined by the scrap processor 100 % By representative sampling Turnings 4.3 4.3.2 From machining with non magnetic tools or unknown tools of the same alloy clean with no tungsten carbide particlesU 1,0 mm diameter Cleanness No tool particles U 0,4 mm for 4.3.1 and U 1,0 mm for 4.3.2 Visual X-ray 100 %
43、 evaluation 100 % 5 Scrap from unused parts 5.1 b Wrought products 5.2 Cast products 6 Scrap from used parts a The efficiency of magnetic sorting shall be assessed periodically in accordance with the specification of the melter. b Similar to 1.2 provided the manufacturer can guarantee the traceabili
44、ty, the absence of any contamination and defects which cannot be removed by remelting. BS EN 2955:1993 BSI 20098 Annex A Flow chart for scrap recycling BS EN 2955:1993 BSI 2009BS EN 2955:1993 National annex NA (informative) Committees responsible The United Kingdom participation in the preparation o
45、f this European Standard was entrusted by the Aerospace Standards Policy Committee (ACE/-) to Technical Committee ACE/49, upon which the following bodies were represented: British Forging Industry Association Ministry of Defence Society of British Aerospace Companies Limited National annex NB (infor
46、mative) Cross-reference The British Standard corresponding to the European Standard referred to in the text is identical in number and title with that given in clause 2. BSI 2009BSI Group Headquarters 389 Chiswick High Road, London, W4 4AL, UK Tel +44 (0)20 8996 9001 Fax +44 (0)20 8996 7001 standar
47、ds BSI - British Standards Institution BSI is the independent national body responsible for preparing British Standards. It presents the UK view on standards in Europe and at the international level. It is incorporated by Royal Charter. Revisions British Standards are updated by amendment or revisio
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