1、BRITISH STANDARD BS EN 314-1:2004 Plywood Bonding quality Part 1: Test methods The European Standard EN 314-1:2004 has the status of a British Standard ICS 79.060.10 BS EN 314-1:2004 This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 16 January
2、2006 BSI 16 January 2006 ISBN 0 580 47502 6 National foreword This British Standard is the official English language version of EN 314-1:2004. It supersedes BS EN 314-1:1993 which is withdrawn. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee B/541, Wood based panels, whi
3、ch has the responsibility to: A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary. Cross-references The British Standards which implement international or European publications referred to in this document may be found in the BSI Catalogue under the sect
4、ion entitled “International Standards Correspondence Index”, or by using the “Search” facility of the BSI Electronic Catalogue or of British Standards Online. This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. C
5、ompliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. aid enquirers to understand the text; present to the responsible international/European committee any enquiries on the interpretation, or proposals for change, and keep UK interests informed; monitor related
6、 international and European developments and promulgate them in the UK. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, the EN title page, pages 2 to 20, an inside back cover and a back cover. The BSI copyright notice displayed in this document indicates when the docum
7、ent was last issued. Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. Date Comments EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN 314-1 December 2004 ICS 79.060.10 Supersedes EN 314-1:1993 English version Plywood - Bonding quality - Part 1: Test methods Contreplaqu - Qualit du collage - Partie 1:
8、 Mthodes dessai Sperrholz - Qualitt der Verklebung - Teil 1: Prfverfahren This European Standard was approved by CEN on 14 October 2004. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national
9、 standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any ot
10、her language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland,
11、France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORM
12、UNG Management Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels 2004 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 314-1:2004: EEN 314-1:2004 (E) 2 Contents page Foreword3 1 Scope 4 2 Normative references 4 3 Test pieces .4 3.1 Sampli
13、ng.4 3.2 Shape and sizes.4 4 Apparatus .8 4.1 Physical test.8 4.2 Shear test8 5 Pre-treatments8 5.1 Sequence of pre-treatment .8 5.2 Choice of pre-treatment 8 5.3 Positioning of test pieces .8 6 Procedure .9 6.1 Determination of behaviour of bonding by shear test.9 6.2 Determination of the percentag
14、e of apparent cohesive wood failure9 7 Expression of results 9 8 Test report 10 Annex A (normative) Determination of the percentage of apparent cohesive wood failure by comparison.11 Annex B (informative) Guidelines for the evaluation of glue bond of insulating core plywood 14 Bibliography 20 EN 314
15、-1:2004 (E) 3 Foreword This document (EN 314-1:2004) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 112 “Wood based panels”, the secretariat of which is held by DIN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement
16、, at the latest by June 2005, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by June 2005 This document supersedes EN 314-1:1993. In the revised version the following modifications have been made as compared to EN 314-1:1993: the standard contains not only test methods for venee
17、r plywood but also for blockboard and laminboard; the normative annex A “Determination of the percentage of apparent cohesive wood failure by comparison“ has been extended; a new informative annex B “Guidelines for the evaluation of glue bond of insulating core plywood“ has been added. According to
18、the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxe
19、mbourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. EN 314-1:2004 (E) 4 1 Scope This document specifies methods for determining the bonding quality of veneer plywood, blockboard and laminboard by shear testing. The relevant require
20、ments are specified in EN 314-2. This document is suitable for insulating core plywood as defined in Annex B. Annex A is normative. Annex B is informative. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the
21、 edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN 314-2, Plywood Bonding quality Part 2: Requirements EN 326-1, Wood-based panels Sampling, cutting and inspection Part 1: Sampling and cutting of test pieces and expres
22、sion of test results. 3 Test pieces 3.1 Sampling Sampling shall be according to EN 326-1. Test pieces shall be without any manufacturing defects or characteristics inherent in wood (see EN 635-1) in the testing area. 3.2 Shape and sizes The test pieces of veneer plywood shall be prepared as shown in
23、 Figure 1. Each test piece shall be cut so that the grain direction of the layer between the gluelines under test is perpendicular to the length of the test piece. The test pieces have to be prepared and the nicking is made to allow the examination of each glueline of the panel. The saw cuts shall e
24、xtend into the layer between the gluelines under test, as shown in Figure 1. Full panel thickness test pieces may be used for veneer plywood with 3 to 9 layers. For panels of more than 9 layers, excess layers may be removed by planing, cutting or sanding. Similar procedure can be used for determinin
25、g the bonding quality of blockboard and laminboard (Figure 2) or thin faces veneered plywood (Figure 3). The saw cuts shall extend into one of the layers between the gluelines under test between face layers and core layers, as shown in Figures 2 and 3. NOTE For insulating core plywood, see Annex B.
26、EN 314-1:2004 (E) 5 Key b 1(25 0,5) mm (shear width of test piece) b 22,5 mm to 4 mm (saw cut width) l 1(25 0,5) mm (shear length) l 250 mm min (distance between clamps) along the grain direction Figure 1 Test piece example for a 7 ply veneer plywood EN 314-1:2004 (E) 6 Key 1 Face 2 Back face 3 Part
27、 1 4 Part 2 5 Faces of part 1 and part 2, the same set-up shall be made for the back face of part 1 and part 2 6 Glueline not subject to the shear test 7 Saw cuts throughout the face layers b 1 (25 0,5) mm (shear width) b 2 (2,5 to 4) mm (saw cut width) l 1 (25 0,5) mm (shear length) l 2 50 mm min (
28、distance between clamps) along the grain direction Figure 2 Composite test piece for blockboard and laminboard EN 314-1:2004 (E) 7 Key 1 Face 2 Back face 3 Part 1 4 Part 2 5 Faces of part 1 and part 2, the same set-up shall be made for the back face of part 1 and part 2 6 Glueline not subject to the
29、 shear test b 1(25 0,5) mm (shear width) b 2(2,5 to 4) mm (saw cut width) l 1(25 0,5) mm (shear length) l 250 mm min (distance between clamps) along the grain direction Figure 3 Composite test piece for thin face plywood panel EN 314-1:2004 (E) 8 4 Apparatus 4.1 Physical test Thermostatically contro
30、lled water-bath suitable for immersing test pieces and capable of maintaining a temperature of (20 3) C. Boiling tank enabling the test piece to be immersed in boiling water. Ventilated drying oven capable of maintaining a temperature of (60 3) C at all points. Measuring instrument of lengths with a
31、n accuracy of 0,1 mm. A lens with a magnification of 10. 4.2 Shear test A tensile testing machine with suitable serrated grips capable of operating continuously and measuring the applied load to an accuracy of 1 %. 5 Pre-treatments 5.1 Sequence of pre-treatment 5.1.1 Immersion for 24 h in water at (
32、20 3) C. 5.1.2 Immersion for 6 h in boiling water followed by cooling in water at (20 3) C, for at least 1 h. 5.1.3 Immersion for 4 h in boiling water, then drying in the ventilated drying oven for 16 h to 20 h at (60 3) C, then immersion in boiling water for 4 h, followed by cooling in water at (20
33、 3) C for at least 1 h. 5.1.4 Immersion for (72 1) h in boiling water, followed by cooling in water at (20 3) C for at least 1 h. 5.2 Choice of pre-treatment EN 314-2 gives information on pre-treatments for particular plywood types. 5.3 Positioning of test pieces The test pieces shall be placed, wel
34、l separated, in a suitable rack or wire basket. During soaking, each test piece shall remain completely immersed in water. EN 314-1:2004 (E) 9 6 Procedure 6.1 Determination of behaviour of bonding by shear test Before the water treatment, the length and width of the shear area shall be measured to a
35、n accuracy of 0,1 mm and recorded. The shear test shall be carried out on wet test pieces from which a wiping can be realized. The shear test pieces shall be arranged in the centre of the clamping devices in such a way that the load can be transmitted from the testing machine, via the ends of the te
36、st pieces, to the shear area without any transverse loads. If slipping occurs it is only allowed in the initial stage of the loading. This clamping is made on faces. The load shall be applied at a constant rate of motion so that rupture occurs within (30 10) s. The breaking load shall be determined
37、to an accuracy of 1 %. The shear strength shall be calculated in Newton per square millimetre (N/mm 2 )according to clause 7. After the shear test, the apparent cohesive wood failure shall be determined according to 6.2. 6.2 Determination of the percentage of apparent cohesive wood failure The failu
38、re should normally occur in the wood, or in the glue-lines between the saw cuts, i.e. within the shear test area. When failure occurs outside the test area, or if by cross-grain breaking within 50 % or more of the surface of a face veneer, the result shall be rejected and the test shall be repeated
39、with a shear length of 25 mm by using the procedure for plywood with faces made of thin veneers in Figure 3. With the exception of results from test pieces containing tape, the results of failures arising from the presence of strength reducing defects shall be excluded. Test pieces with such defects
40、 should normally be identified and replaced during the cutting operation. If the number of test pieces rejected exceeds 20 %, it will be necessary to resample. If the resampling is also rejected on this basis, then the batch shall be rejected. The test pieces shall be allowed to dry before the deter
41、mination of apparent cohesive wood failure. The apparent cohesive wood failure percentage shall be recorded by use of the written guidelines and comparison with the pictures in Annex A (determination of apparent cohesive wood failure percentage, if possible by 5 % increment from 0 % to 100 %). 7 Exp
42、ression of results The shear strength f vof each test piece in Newtons per square millimetre (N/mm 2 ) is calculated from the following equation: where F is the failing force of the test piece, in Newton; l 1is the length of the shear area in millimetres; b 1is the width of the share area in millime
43、tres. NOTE l 1 and b 1 are measured before pre-treatment. Calculate the mean shear strength to 0,01 N/mm 2and the standard deviation. Also determine the average cohesive wood failure percentage value to an accuracy of 5 %. 1 1 b l F f v =EN 314-1:2004 (E) 10 8 Test report As described in EN 326-1, a
44、nd: a) the mean shear strength value and the standard deviation in Newton per square millimetre (N/mm 2 ); b) the average apparent cohesive wood failure percentage value; c) details of pre treatments applied according to 5.1. EN 314-1:2004 (E) 11 Annex A (normative) Determination of the percentage o
45、f apparent cohesive wood failure by comparison Determine the percentage of apparent cohesive wood failure of the dried individual specimen to the nearest 10 % by comparison to the reference illustrations (see Figures A.1 to A.3). The determination consists of an area assessment and a determination o
46、f the texture of the failure surface. For photo technical reasons, the illustrations are only for plywood bonded with a brown glue. In the determination of failure texture, both deep and superficial failures in the veneers, the same weighting shall be given as apparent cohesive wood failures. The te
47、xture of the broken surfaces should be determined by use of the following guidelines: Sufficient light and a lens (x 10 magnification) are necessary to appreciate the correct texture of the failure surfaces Areas of the broken surfaces lying entirely in the veneer adjacent to the tested gluelines or
48、 areas of the tested gluelines covered with opaque bundles of fibres should count as apparent cohesive wood failure. A failure surface having a shaggy/downy appearance due to covering of the gluelines with fine fibres should count as apparent cohesive wood failure. A thin transparent layer of fine f
49、ibres on the glueline should also be counted as apparent cohesive wood failure, as long as the general appearance shows covering with fibres. Glue bond visible through a covering with fine fibres should only be recorded as glue bond failure, in case the glue bond is revealed as distinct patches on this general covering. Areas of the glueline, where no glue has been present at the time
