1、BRITISH STANDARDBS EN 14460:2006Explosion resistant equipmentThe European Standard EN 14460:2006 has the status of a British StandardICS 13.230g49g50g3g38g50g51g60g44g49g42g3g58g44g55g43g50g56g55g3g37g54g44g3g51g40g53g48g44g54g54g44g50g49g3g40g59g38g40g51g55g3g36g54g3g51g40g53g48g44g55g55g40g39g3g37
2、g60g3g38g50g51g60g53g44g42g43g55g3g47g36g58BS EN 14460:2006This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 28 February 2007 BSI 2007ISBN 978 0 580 50252 1National forewordThis British Standard was published by BSI. It is the UK implementation
3、 of EN 14460:2006.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee FSH/23, Fire precautions in industrial and chemical plant.A list of organizations represented on FSH/23 can be obtained on request to its secretary.Additional information This harmonized European Standard
4、gives requirements for the construction of process vessels or systems in which a potentially explosive atmosphere may occur, and which are subject to explosion protection techniques. It does not give requirements for the design of explosion protection for either electrical or non-electrical (mechani
5、cal) equipment intended for use in explosive atmospheres and should not be used for such designs.Requirements for the explosion protection of electrical equipment intended for use in explosive atmospheres are given in the BS EN 60079 series of standards. Techniques for the explosion protection of me
6、chanical equipment intended for use in explosive atmospheres are given in the BS EN 13463 series of standards.Explosion protection of process vessels or systems can be achieved by the application of:1. Venting the requirements of which are given in:BS EN 14797, Explosion venting devices BS EN 14491,
7、 Dust explosion venting protective systems BS EN 14994, Gas explosion venting protective systems2. Suppression the requirements of which are given in:BS EN 14373, Explosion suppression systems3. Containment the requirements of which are given in this standard.The requirements of this standard should
8、 be applied to the construction of a process vessel or system when any of the above explosion protection techniques are applied. The essential requirement is that the vessel or system should suffer no unintended rupture. When either venting or suppression is applied explosion pressures stay relative
9、ly low, but when the chosen protection technique is Containment, it is important to understand what containment means. Explosion containment is a technique whereby the explosion is totally sealed inside the process plant or system. The process plant or system is therefore designed so that it does no
10、t rupture under the very highest explosion pressures generated; that is, there is no escape of either flame or pressure into the surroundings.In the application of all explosion protection methods it may be necessary to take into account isolation techniques that prevent explosions from propagating
11、between items of process plant. Requirements for explosion isolation techniques are given in harmonized standards currently being prepared by CEN TC 305 WG 3. It may be necessary also to take into account pressure piling effects that may occur due to flame propagation either through connecting pipel
12、ines between process vessels or through structures inside a single vessel.Other factors specific to an installation may also need to be considered. This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application.Compliance wi
13、th a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations.Amendments issued since publicationAmd. No. Date CommentsEUROPEAN STANDARDNORME EUROPENNEEUROPISCHE NORMEN 14460May 2006ICS 13.230English VersionExplosion resistant equipmentAppareil rsistant lexplosion Explosionsfeste GerteThis Eur
14、opean Standard was approved by CEN on 23 March 2006.CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this EuropeanStandard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references conc
15、erning such nationalstandards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CEN member.This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translationunder the responsibility of a CEN member into its own la
16、nguage and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the officialversions.CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France,Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Ma
17、lta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania,Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATIONCOMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATIONEUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNGManagement Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels 2006 CEN All rights of exploi
18、tation in any form and by any means reservedworldwide for CEN national Members.Ref. No. EN 14460:2006: EEN 14460:2006 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword3 Introduction .4 1 Scope 5 2 Normative references 5 3 Terms and definitions .6 4 Explosion resistant equipment 7 4.1 General7 4.2 Design pressure.7 4.3 D
19、esign temperature .8 4.4 Additional loads.8 4.5 Wall thickness allowance8 5 Explosion-pressure-resistant design 8 6 Explosion-pressure-shock resistant design.8 6.1 General8 6.2 Design and manufacture according to EN 13445 with modified design criteria.9 6.3 Testing 11 7 Documentation of quality of e
20、xplosion resistant equipment12 7.1 Pressure vessels12 7.2 Materials .12 7.3 Welding .12 7.4 Examination and test.12 8 Information for use 13 8.1 Marking .13 8.2 Accompanying documents.13 Annex A (normative) Calculation of design pressure .14 Annex B (informative) Examples for limitation of stress co
21、ncentration .15 Annex ZA (informative) Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential Requirements of EU Directive 94/9/EC .17 Bibliography 18 Figures Figure 1 Explosion resistant equipment.7 Figure 2 Measures at openings10 Tables Table 1 Values of factor F in accordance to Equation (
22、4)12 Table ZA.1 Correspondence between this European Standard and Directive 94/9/EC 17 EN 14460:2006 (E) 3 Foreword This document (EN 14460:2006) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 305 “Potentially explosive atmospheres Explosion prevention and protection”, the secretariat of which is h
23、eld by DIN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by November 2006, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by November 2006. This document has been prepared und
24、er a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU Directive 94/9/EC of 23 March 1994. For relationship with EU Directive 94/9/EC, see informative Annex ZA, which is an integral part of this document. According to t
25、he CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxem
26、bourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. EN 14460:2006 (E) 4 Introduction The principles of integrated explosion safety includes the following measures the manufacturer has to take: a) prevention of formation of
27、explosive atmospheres; b) prevention of the ignition of the explosive atmospheres; and c) if an explosion nevertheless occurs, to halt it immediately and/or to limit the range of explosion flames and explosion pressures to a sufficient level of safety. It is essential that methods according to c) be
28、 used if the ignition hazard assessment of the equipment shows that the prevention of ignition sources, e.g. by using of types of ignition protection as defined in EN 13463 series, doesnt fulfil the requirements of the intended category which is necessary for the intended use of the equipment. This
29、standard specifies requirements for equipment that shall be explosion resistant. Explosion resistance is the term applied to the construction of an enclosure so that it can withstand an expected explosion pressure without rupture. Giving equipment this property it limits the range of explosion flame
30、s and explosion pressures to a sufficient level of safety. The equipment property “explosion resistance“ can be used for equipment, protective systems and components. EN 14460:2006 (E) 5 1 Scope This standard specifies requirements for explosion-pressure-resistant and explosion pressure shock-resist
31、ant equipment. This standard is applicable to process vessels and systems. It is not applicable to individual items of equipment such as motors and gearboxes that may be designed to withstand an internal explosion, which is the subject of EN 13463-3. This standard is valid for atmospheres having pre
32、ssures ranging from 800 hPa to 1100 hPa and temperatures ranging from - 20 C to + 60 C. This standard may also be helpful for the design, construction, testing and marking of equipment intended for use in atmospheres outside the validity range stated above, as far as this subject is not covered by s
33、pecific standards. This standard applies to equipment and combinations of equipment where deflagrations may occur and is not applicable to equipment and combination of equipment where detonation may occur. This standard should not be used for offshore applications. It is essential that this standard
34、 be used for equipment made of metallic materials only. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (inclu
35、ding any amendments) applies. EN 10002-1, Metallic materials - Tensile testing - Part 1: Method of test at ambient temperature EN 10204, Metallic products Types of inspection documents EN 13237:2003, Potentially explosive atmospheres - Terms and definitions for equipment and protective systems inten
36、ded for use in potentially explosive atmospheres EN 13445-1, Unfired pressure vessels Part 1: General EN 13445-2, Unfired pressure vessels Part 2: Materials EN 13445-3, Unfired pressure vessels Part 3: Design EN 13445-4, Unfired pressure vessels Part 4: Fabrication EN 13980, Potentially explosive at
37、mospheres - Application of quality systems ISO 8421-1:1987, Fire protection Vocabulary - Part 1: General terms and phenomena of fire EN 14460:2006 (E) 6 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this European Standard, the terms and definitions given in EN 13237:2003 and ISO 8421-1:1987 and the fo
38、llowing apply. 3.1 deflagration explosion propagating at subsonic velocity ISO 8421-1:1987, 1.11 3.2 detonation explosion propagating at supersonic velocity and characterized by a shock wave ISO 8421-1:1987, 1.12 3.3 explosion abrupt oxidation or decomposition reaction producing an increase in tempe
39、rature, pressure, or in both simultaneously ISO 8421-1:1987, 1.13 3.4 explosion resistant property of vessels, and equipment designed to be either explosion-pressure-resistant or explosion-pressure-shock resistant EN 13237:2003, 3.34 3.5 explosion-pressure-resistant property of vessels, and equipmen
40、t designed to withstand the expected explosion pressure without becoming permanently deformed EN 13237:2003, 3.31 3.6 explosion-pressure-shock resistant property of vessels, and equipment designed to withstand the expected explosion pressure without rupturing, but allowing permanent deformation EN 1
41、3237:2003, 3.32 3.7 maximum explosion pressure pmaxmaximum pressure occurring in a closed vessel during the explosion of a specific explosive atmosphere determined under specified test conditions EN 13237:2003, 3.81 3.8 maximum allowable explosion pressure pexmaxcalculated maximum explosion pressure
42、 which the equipment will withstand EN 14460:2006 (E) 7 3.9 reduced explosion pressure predpressure generated by an explosion of an explosive atmosphere in a vessel, protected by either explosion relief or explosion suppression EN 13237:2003, 3.100 4 Explosion resistant equipment 4.1 General Explosi
43、on resistant equipment shall be so constructed that it can withstand an internal explosion without rupturing. In general, a distinction is made between the following designs: design for the maximum explosion pressure; design for the reduced explosion pressure in conjunction with explosion pressure r
44、elief or explosion suppression. Components of the system can be either explosion-pressure-resistant or explosion-pressure shock resistant. Explosion resistant equipment Explosion-pressure-resistant equipment Explosion-pressure-shock resistant equipment Figure 1 Explosion resistant equipment 4.2 Desi
45、gn pressure The design pressure shall not be less than the maximum gauge pressure occurring in the equipment, when subjected to explosion or reduced explosion conditions. The design pressure shall be used as the calculation pressure as detailed in EN 13445-3. NOTE 1 If the inside of the equipment is
46、 divided into sections (e.g. tanks connected by a pipeline or containing baffles or surge plates), during an explosion in one of the sections the pressure in the other sections of the equipment will be increased. As a result, an explosion in these sections will occur at an elevated initial pressure.
47、 Further, pressure peaks occur which are higher than the value expected under atmospheric conditions. In the case of such arrangements, appropriate measures should be taken, either explosion de-coupling techniques or explosion resistant design derived from representative explosion trials. NOTE 2 Pre
48、ssures quoted are gauge pressures unless otherwise stated. For guidance on the derivation of design pressure see Annex A. EN 14460:2006 (E) 8 4.3 Design temperature For wall temperatures governed by the weather or by the vessel charge of less than 10 C EN 13445-2 shall be consulted for material requ
49、irements. In case of an explosion there is only a marginal heat up of the vessel walls. Therefore, the anticipated operating temperature at the initial pressure shall be used as the design temperature. 4.4 Additional loads Loads which are due to an activation of a venting device, due to product load and/or to hydrostatic load shall be considered. In addition any other load that may occur at the same time as an explosion e.g. windload, snowload, shall be considered, corresponding to EN 13445-3. If brittle material is used for press
