1、BSI Standards PublicationBS EN 14574:2015Geosynthetics Determination of the pyramidpuncture resistance ofsupported geosyntheticsBS EN 14574:2015 BRITISH STANDARDNational forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of EN 14574:2015. Itsupersedes BS EN 14574:2004 which is withdrawn.The UK p
2、articipation in its preparation was entrusted to TechnicalCommittee B/553, Geotextiles and geomembranes.A list of organizations represented on this committee can beobtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessaryprovisions of a contract. Users are r
3、esponsible for its correctapplication. The British Standards Institution 2015. Published by BSI StandardsLimited 2015ISBN 978 0 580 79325 7ICS 59.080.70Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity fromlegal obligations.This British Standard was published under the authority of theStanda
4、rds Policy and Strategy Committee on 30 April 2015.Amendments issued since publicationDate Text affectedBS EN 14574:2015EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN 14574 April 2015 ICS 59.080.70 Supersedes EN 14574:2004English Version Geosynthetics - Determination of the pyramid puncture re
5、sistance of supported geosynthetics Gosynthtiques - Dtermination de la rsistance au poinonnement pyramidal des gosynthtiques sur supportGeokunststoffe - Bestimmung des Pyramidendurchdrckwiderstandes von Geokunststoffen auf harter Unterlage This European Standard was approved by CEN on 14 February 20
6、15. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained
7、on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CEN
8、ELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Ita
9、ly, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Ave
10、nue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2015 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 14574:2015 EBS EN 14574:2015EN 14574:2015 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword . 3 1 Scope . 4 2 Normative references . 4 3 Terms and definitions . 4 4 Pri
11、nciple . 4 5 Apparatus 4 5.1 Test configuration . 4 5.2 Underlying aluminium medium . 5 5.3 Loading piston 5 5.4 Electrical equipment for the determination of the push-through load 6 6 Specimens . 6 6.1 Sampling 6 6.2 Number and dimension of specimens 6 7 Conditioning 6 8 Procedure 7 9 Calculation a
12、nd expression of test results 7 10 Test report . 7 BS EN 14574:2015EN 14574:2015 (E) 3 Foreword This document (EN 14574:2015) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 189 “Geosynthetics”, the secretariat of which is held by NBN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national s
13、tandard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by October 2015, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by October 2015. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rig
14、hts. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This document supersedes EN 14574:2004. Significant technical changes in comparison to the previous edition include: Annex A (informative) has been deleted. According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regu
15、lations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, I
16、taly, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom. BS EN 14574:2015EN 14574:2015 (E) 4 1 Scope This European Standard specifies an index test method to determine the puncture resis
17、tance of a geosynthetic on a rigid support. This method simulates the efficiency of a geosynthetic protecting a geosynthetic barrier material or another contact surface against sharp rigid elements under short term loading. 2 Normative references The following documents, in whole or in part, are nor
18、matively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN 485-2, Aluminium and aluminium alloys - Sheet, strip and
19、plate - Part 2: Mechanical properties EN ISO 7500-1, Metallic materials - Verification of static uniaxial testing machines - Part 1: Tension/compression testing machines - Verification and calibration of the force-measuring system (ISO 7500-1) EN ISO 9862, Geosynthetics - Sampling and preparation of
20、 test specimens (ISO 9862) EN ISO 10320, Geotextiles and geotextile-related products - Identification on site (ISO 10320) ISO 554, Standard atmospheres for conditioning and/or testing Specifications 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
21、 3.1 puncture load load of the piston as it is pushed onto the test specimen at a constant rate of advance 3.2 push-through load maximum load at perforation of the geosynthetic 4 Principle A test specimen lies flat on an aluminium plate supported by a steel base, secured in a tensile/compression tes
22、ting machine. A force is exerted on the centre of the test specimen by an inverted steel pyramid, attached to a load indicator, until perforation of the specimen occurs. The recorded push-through load is considered to be representative for the protection efficiency of the specimen. 5 Apparatus 5.1 T
23、est configuration A suitable testing machine with a force reading accuracy according to EN ISO 7500-1 shall be used. The press shall be able to maintain a constant test speed of the loading piston. A special piston and electric signal equipment for determining the moment of push-through are the addi
24、tional pieces of test equipment needed (see Figure 1). BS EN 14574:2015EN 14574:2015 (E) 5 Key 1 base 2 aluminium plate 3 test specimen 4 loading piston 5 electrical circuit ( 20 V DC) Figure 1 Test configuration with rigid underlying aluminium plate 5.2 Underlying aluminium medium A 3 mm thick alum
25、inium plate (AlMgSi1F32 according to EN 485-2) shall be used as the underlying medium for this test method. The aluminium plate simulates a hard, rigid support. It shall be placed on a steel base. 5.3 Loading piston The upper part of the loading piston (see Figure 2) can be a cylinder with a diamete
26、r of (25,0 0,1) mm or a square shape with a polished and hardened solid steel pyramid-shaped apex. The apex shall be a four sided pyramid with an apex angle of 90 rounded off with a radius (R) of (0,50 0,02) mm. The edges of the pyramid shall be rounded off with a radius of (0,50 0,02) mm. The trans
27、itional edge from the base of the pyramid to the cylinder or square shall have a radius (R) of (0,5 0,1) mm. BS EN 14574:2015EN 14574:2015 (E) 6 Dimensions in millimetres Figure 2 Loading piston (e.g. with cylindrical upper part) 5.4 Electrical equipment for the determination of the push-through loa
28、d An electrical circuit shall be placed between the loading piston and the underlying medium in order to determine the puncture load at failure. 6 Specimens 6.1 Sampling Take specimens in accordance with EN ISO 9862. 6.2 Number and dimension of specimens Cut ten test specimens of 100 mm x 100 mm fro
29、m the sample. 7 Conditioning The test specimens shall be conditioned and tested in the standard atmosphere for testing (20 2) C at (65 5) % RH) as defined in ISO 554. The specimens can be considered to have been conditioned when the change in mass in successive weightings made at intervals of not le
30、ss than 2 h does not exceed 0,25 % of the mass of the test specimen. Conditioning and/or testing in a standard atmosphere may only be omitted when it can be shown that results obtained for the same specific type of product (both structure and polymer type) are not affected by changes in temperature
31、and humidity exceeding the limits. This information shall be included in the test report. BS EN 14574:2015EN 14574:2015 (E) 7 8 Procedure Select the load range of the tensile/compression testing machine such that the perforation occurs between 10 % and 90 % of the full-scale load. Lay the test speci
32、men flat on the smooth aluminium plate. Test at a machine speed of (1,0 0,1) mm/min until the puncture load is registered by the electrical circuit between the loading piston and the aluminium plate. Where the electrical circuit does not stop the test automatically, great care should be taken to ens
33、ure that the push-through load recorded represents the correct value. 9 Calculation and expression of test results The push-through load (in N) is expressed as the arithmetic average of ten individual tests. 10 Test report The test report shall include the following particulars: a) reference number
34、and date of publication of this European Standard; b) identification of the sample tested according to EN ISO 10320, date of receipt; c) conditioning atmosphere for the test, and whether tested dry or wet; d) individual test results and average push-through load (in N); e) coefficient of variation o
35、f push-through load (in %); f) any deviation from this procedure. This page deliberately left blankThis page deliberately left blankBSI is the national body responsible for preparing British Standards and other standards-related publications, information and services.BSI is incorporated by Royal Cha
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