1、raising standards worldwideNO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAWBSI Standards PublicationBS EN 16205:2013Laboratory measurement ofwalking noise on floorsBS EN 16205:2013 BRITISH STANDARDNational forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of EN 16205:2013.
2、The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to TechnicalCommittee EH/1/6, Building acoustics.A list of organizations represented on this committee can beobtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessaryprovisions of a contract. Users are re
3、sponsible for its correctapplication. The British Standards Institution 2013. Published by BSI StandardsLimited 2013ISBN 978 0 580 72860 0ICS 91.120.20Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity fromlegal obligations.This British Standard was published under the authority of theStandar
4、ds Policy and Strategy Committee on 30 June 2013.Amendments issued since publicationDate Text affectedBS EN 16205:2013EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN 16205 June 2013 ICS 91.120.20 English Version Laboratory measurement of walking noise on floors Mesurage en laboratoire du bruit
5、des pas sur les planchers Messung von Gehschall auf Fubden im Prfstand This European Standard was approved by CEN on 1 May 2013. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standar
6、d without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any
7、other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republ
8、ic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN C
9、OMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2013 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 16205:2013: EBS EN 16205:2013EN 16
10、205:2013 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword 3 Introduction .4 1 Scope 5 2 Normative references 5 3 Terms and definitions .5 4 Principle 7 5 Test arrangement .7 5.1 Test facilities 7 5.2 Equipment 7 5.3 Mounting of the specimens 7 6 Test procedure .7 7 Evaluation of results .8 8 Precision .8 9 Expression o
11、f results 9 10 Test report 9 Annex A (informative) Presentation of the walking noise spectrum with uncertainty bars (example) . 11 Annex B (normative) Reference spectrum for laboratory bare floors 12 Annex C (informative) Fixing the pads below the tapping machine . 13 Annex D (informative) Backgroun
12、d of the measuring method 15 Bibliography . 17 BS EN 16205:2013EN 16205:2013 (E) 3 Foreword This document (EN 16205:2013) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 126 “Acoustic properties of building elements and of buildings”, the secretariat of which is held by AFNOR. This European Standard
13、 shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by December 2013, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by December 2013. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of th
14、is document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Sta
15、ndard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, S
16、pain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom. BS EN 16205:2013EN 16205:2013 (E) 4 Introduction This document sets up a laboratory measurement method to determine noise radiated from a floor covering on a standard concrete floor when excited by a standard tapping machine. The noise is mea
17、sured in the room where the floor covering and the excitation are located. There is no restriction concerning the type of floor covering unless that the required small pads of the flooring could not be assembled. Using the standard tapping machine according to EN ISO 10140 means that a more general
18、excitation compared to walking alone is regarded in the same way as it is accepted for impact sound improvement measurements of floor coverings. The results are expressed in terms of the normalised A-weighted average sound pressure level in the walking room. The results provide information about the
19、 noise radiated. A more sophisticated psychoacoustic evaluation did not seem to be appropriate in view of the fact that this measurement stands for a large range of sources with different acoustical behaviour (even if only different types of walking were regarded). A subjective classification of the
20、 quality of the floor coverings is not intended. BS EN 16205:2013EN 16205:2013 (E) 5 1 Scope This European Standard specifies a laboratory measurement method to determine noise radiated from a floor covering on a standard concrete floor when excited by a standard tapping machine. 2 Normative referen
21、ces The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN
22、ISO 10140-1, Acoustics Laboratory measurement of sound insulation of building elements Part 1: Application rules for specific products (ISO 10140-1) EN ISO 10140-2, Acoustics Laboratory measurement of sound insulation of building elements Part 2: Measurement of airborne sound insulation (ISO 10140-2
23、) EN ISO 10140-3, Acoustics Laboratory measurement of sound insulation of building elements Part 3: Measurement of impact sound insulation (ISO 10140-3) EN ISO 10140-4:2010, Acoustics Laboratory measurement of sound insulation of building elements Part 4: Measurement procedures and requirements (ISO
24、 10140-4:2010) EN ISO 10140-5, Acoustics Laboratory measurement of sound insulation of building elements Part 5: Requirements for test facilities and equipment (ISO 10140-5) 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in EN ISO 10140 and the following a
25、pply. 3.1 sufficiently large specimen specimen whose radiated sound power does not increase any longer with size, or which covers the total area of the floor Note 1 to entry: In case of uncertainty the testing laboratory will decide, which size is sufficient. 3.2 pads pieces of the flooring under te
26、st, which are as large as the hitting areas of the tapping machine hammers Note 1 to entry: Quadratic pads should be the smallest possible including the whole hitting area. 3.3 walking sound pressure level (in third-octave band i) Ln,walk,inormalised impact sound pressure level in the upper (walking
27、) room with a standardised contribution of the concrete bare floor underneath the floor covering under test Note 1 to entry: It is calculated according to Formula (1): BS EN 16205:2013EN 16205:2013 (E) 6 +else10101010101016,0log10log10ifbFl,i,cFl,bref,padsupper,padswithupper,with0upper10,pads,with,F
28、l,Flref,walkLL+L+TLTLAVTTLLLL+L=Li,i,ii,ii,padsupperiwithupperiiibici,b,i,in,(1) where Li,withis the impact sound pressure level measured in the upper room, when a sufficiently large specimen is lying on the test floor; Li,padsis the impact sound pressure level measured in the upper room, when only
29、pads of the flooring material are lying on the test floor below the tapping machine hammers; Li,Fl,bis the impact sound pressure level measured in the lower room, when the tapping machine acts on the bare floor in the upper room; Li,Fl,cis the impact sound pressure level measured in the lower room,
30、when the tapping machine acts on the sufficiently large specimen in the upper room; Li,ref,bis the reference values for the bare floor as given in Annex B; Vupperis the volume of the upper room, in cubic metres; Ti,upper,withis the reverberation time in the upper room with sufficiently large floor c
31、overing installed, in seconds; Ti,upper,padsis the reverberation time in the upper room with pads installed, in seconds; A0 10 m. This definition presumes, that the reverberation time in the lower room does not change between the measurements of Li,Fl,cand Li,Fl,b. Note 2 to entry: This can be achie
32、ved by leaving the lower room unchanged. 3.4 A-weighted walking sound pressure level Ln,walk,AA-weighted sound pressure level, calculated from Ln,walk,iaccording to Formula (2) with Ciaccording to EN 61672-1: ( )=+=21110/,10lg10iCLAwalkniiwalknL. (2) BS EN 16205:2013EN 16205:2013 (E) 7 4 Principle A
33、 floor test facility according to EN ISO 10140 for impact and airborne sound measurements is used. It consists of two medium sized and medium damped rooms above each other, separated by a standard homogeneous concrete floor. As a walking noise source, a standard tapping machine according to EN ISO 1
34、0140 is applied. Several average sound pressure level measurements in third-octave bands are made in the upper and lower rooms with the bare floor either uncovered or covered with pads or sufficiently large “full-size“ specimens of the tested flooring. In the upper room the reverberation times with
35、large specimens and with merely pads present shall be determined. The walking sound pressure level is then calculated according to Formula (1) from the sound power directly radiated from the floor covering into the upper room plus the sound power from the bare floor under the floor covering, which r
36、adiates back into the upper room. Finally the A-weighted walking sound pressure level is calculated from the measured average sound pressure levels. In Formula (1) the radiation from the bare floor through the floor covering is corrected for deviations of the actual laboratory floor from the referen
37、ce spectrum in Annex B. Furthermore, the tapping machine self noise theoretically cancels out and therefore is not needed explicitly. However, because of the uncertainty of the measured quantities, the resulting walking sound pressure level in the second line in Formula (1) may become very uncertain
38、 and even complex, in particular when a loud tapping machine is used and the flooring doesnt radiate much itself. Complex values are avoided by setting the inner bracket to zero as a minimum (first line in Formula (1). To detect unreliable results, the uncertainty of Ln,walkshall be calculated for e
39、ach third octave band and stated in the test report. All details like test facility requirements, tapping machine characteristics, positioning of tapping machine and microphones, averaging etc. are kept as close as possible to the requirements of laboratory measurements of impact noise as given in E
40、N ISO 10140. 5 Test arrangement 5.1 Test facilities A room arrangement for impact and airborne sound pressure level measurements according to EN ISO 10140 shall be used. 5.2 Equipment See EN ISO 10140. 5.3 Mounting of the specimens The floor coverings or the corresponding pads shall be mounted accor
41、ding the instructions of EN ISO 10140 and Annex C. 6 Test procedure All specifications of EN ISO 10140, concerning: generation of the sound field; measurement of impact sound pressure levels; measurement of reverberation time; correction for background noise; and additional measures to be regarded a
42、t low frequencies (EN ISO 10140-4:2010, Annex A) BS EN 16205:2013EN 16205:2013 (E) 8 shall be followed. The measurement shall run in third-octave bands from 50 Hz to 5 000 Hz. Proceed as follows: 1 Apply the tapping machine on the bare floor in the upper room. Measure Li,Fl,bin the lower room. Ensur
43、e negligible air-borne sound transmission through the lab floor. Reverberation time in the lower room shall remain unchanged until the end of all measurements. 2 Let the tapping machine hammer on pads of the investigated flooring. (Support the feet with pieces of the flooring, too, to keep the falli
44、ng height of the hammers.) Measure reverberation time Ti,upper,pads and Li,pads in the upper room. 3 Install a sufficiently large piece of the floor covering on the floor. Measure reverberation time Ti,upper,with and Li,with in the upper room. 4 Determine Li,Fl,c in the lower room. Ensure negligible
45、 air-borne sound transmission through the lab floor. Check that reverberation time in the lower room (or state of the room) is unchanged. 7 Evaluation of results From the measured sound pressure levels, the following final results shall be evaluated: a) walking sound pressure level Ln,walk,i(in thir
46、d-octave bands) according to Formula (1); b) the uncertainty of the walking sound pressure level, uwalk,i, according to Formula (3); c) the A-weighted walking sound pressure level Ln,walk,Aaccording to Formula (2); d) the uncertainty of the A-weighted walking sound pressure level, uwalk,A, according
47、 to Formula (4). 8 Precision It is assumed, that in Formula (1) essentially only the four measured levels and the reverberation times are uncertain. The uncertainty of the walking noise level of a third-octave band i, uwalk,i, then results from Formula (3). ( )( )222withupper,10/2padsupper,10/20uppe
48、r25/10/,walkwith,pads,bFl,bref,F,walk,101016,010210LTLiLiLLLLLLiuuTTAVuuiiiicliin+=+(3) where uLis the uncertainty of the measured levels, in decibels; BS EN 16205:2013EN 16205:2013 (E) 9 uLTis the uncertainty of the reverberation time levels, in decibels. If particular values are not known, the fol
49、lowing ones according to 4 and 5 should be used for all third-octave bands: uL= 0,4 dB; uLT= 0,5 dB. Shielding effects by the tapping machines (6 and 7) are ignored here. The uncertainty of the A-weighted walking sound pressure level results from Formula (4). ( )( ) =+=+=2112,walk1021110Awalk,walk,walk,10101iiCLjCLuuiinjjn(4) where Ci, Cjare the A-weighting coefficients in the third-octave bands i resp.
