1、raising standards worldwideNO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAWBSI Standards PublicationBS EN 16231:2012Energy efficiency benchmarking methodologyBS EN 16231:2012 BRITISH STANDARDNational forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of EN 16231:2012. The U
2、K participation in its preparation was entrusted to T e c h n i c a l Committee SEM/1/2, Energy Efficiency Saving Calculations and Benchmarking.A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the neces
3、sary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. The British Standards Institution 2012Published by BSI Standards Limited 2012ISBN 978 0 580 73669 8 ICS 03.080.99; 13.020.20 Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations.This British
4、 Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 30 September 2012.Amendments issued since publicationDate T e x t a f f e c t e dBS EN 16231:2012EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN 16231 September 2012 ICS 03.080.99; 13.020.20 English ve
5、rsion Energy efficiency benchmarking methodology Mthodologie de benchmarking de lefficacit nergtique Energieeffizienz-Benchmarking-Methodik This European Standard was approved by CEN on 27 July 2012. CEN and CENELEC members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulat
6、e the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN and CENELEC member. This E
7、uropean Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN and CENELEC member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions.
8、 CEN and CENELEC members are the national standards bodies and national electrotechnical committees of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lit
9、huania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom. CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2012 CEN/CENELEC All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved wor
10、ldwide for CEN national Members and for CENELEC Members. Ref. No. EN 16231:2012 EBS EN 16231:2012EN 16231:2012 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword 3Introduction .41 Scope 62 Normative references 63 Terms and definitions .64 Energy efficiency benchmarking methodology 94.1 Minimum requirements for energy eff
11、iciency benchmarking .94.2 Benchmarking steps .94.2.1 Purpose and planning .94.2.2 Data collection and verification . 104.2.3 Analysis and results . 114.2.4 Reporting . 11Annex A (informative) Example of a checklist for an energy efficiency benchmarking . 12Annex B (informative) Two examples of ener
12、gy efficiency benchmarking data collection questionnaires 14Annex C (informative) Checklist correction factors . 18Annex D (informative) Plausibility check of input data 19Annex E (informative) Two examples of presentation of benchmarking output . 20Annex F (informative) Benchmarking as a management
13、 tool . 22Bibliography . 23BS EN 16231:2012EN 16231:2012 (E) 3 Foreword This document (EN 16231:2012) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/CENELEC JWG 3 “Energy Management and related services General requirements and qualification procedures”, the secretariat of which is held by UNI. This E
14、uropean Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by March 2013, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by March 2013. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elem
15、ents of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organisations of the following countries are bound to implement this Eu
16、ropean Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, S
17、lovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom. BS EN 16231:2012EN 16231:2012 (E) 4 Introduction The overall aim of this European standard is to provide organisations with a methodology for collecting and analysing energy data with the purpose of establishing and comparing energy
18、 efficiency between or within entities. It may lead to reductions in total energy consumption by showing improvement opportunities and consequently possible reductions in costs and emissions of carbon dioxide. This standard addresses the general aspects of benchmarking. This does not include the def
19、inition and establishment of sector specific benchmarks. Energy efficiency benchmarking may be motivated by different needs, among which are: awareness of energy performance levels of peers to trigger energy efficiency improvement actions; definition of energy performance objectives; knowledge and f
20、ollow up of the energy performance of a group and the related (best) practices. Energy efficiency benchmarking applies to specific energy consumption whereby other performance aspects like technologies and operating practices may be taken into account. The benchmarked entity can be a facility, an ac
21、tivity, a process, a product, a service or an organisation. Energy efficiency benchmarking is related to energy management, energy audits and energy efficiency calculation methods. The benchmarking methodology model for this standard is shown with the main steps in Figure 1. Figure 1 Benchmarking me
22、thodology model The basis of the approach can be briefly described as follows: purpose data collection analysis reporting (see 4.2.4): communicate results including lessons learned. BS EN 16231:2012EN 16231:2012 (E) 5 The following step is optional in accordance with management systems in the organi
23、sation (see Annex F): monitoring energy required/energy used; output/input; theoretical energy used to operate/energy used to operate. Note 1 to entry: Both input and output need to be clearly specified in quantity and quality, and be measurable. Note 2 to entry: Energy efficiency is commonly used w
24、ith the meaning of “optimum energy efficiency“ namely “to operate (an entity) with the minimum energy consumption“. Note 3 to entry: Commonly used sense of energy efficiency is doing at least the same with less energy. Note 4 to entry: In energy efficiency benchmarking, energy efficiency is usually
25、based on the specific energy consumption of the manufacture or supply of the product, activity or service being benchmarked and is expressed for example as GJ/tonne or GJ/standard activity. 3.9 energy performance measurable results related to energy efficiency, energy use and energy consumption SOUR
26、CE: EN ISO 50001:2011 Note 1 to entry: In the context of energy management systems, results can be measured against the organisations energy policy, objectives and targets. 3.10 entity object of benchmarking EXAMPLE Process installations, products, services, retail shops, buildings. BS EN 16231:2012
27、EN 16231:2012 (E) 8 3.11 organisation company, corporation, firm, enterprise, authority or institution, or part or combination thereof, whether incorporated or not, public or private, that has its own functions and administration and that has the authority to control its energy use and consumption S
28、OURCE: EN ISO 50001:2011 3.12 primary energy energy that has not been subjected to any conversion process SOURCE: CEN/CLC/TR 16103 Note 1 to entry: Primary energy includes energy from: 1) non-renewable sources such as natural gas, oil, coal; 2) renewable sources such as biomass, biogas, solar therma
29、l energy; 3) electricity such as that produced from wind, hydro, solar or nuclear power. 3.13 secondary energy energy resulting from energy conversion of primary energy SOURCE: CEN/CLC/TR 16103 EXAMPLE Electricity, steam or hot water. 3.14 specific energy consumption energy consumption per (physical
30、) unit of output SOURCE: CEN/CLC/TR 16103 Note 1 to entry: In energy efficiency benchmarking, the output can be a product, activity or service. EXAMPLE Gigajoule (GJ) per tonne of steel, annual kWh per m2, kWh per full time employee (fte). 3.15 validation confirmation, through the provision of objec
31、tive evidence, that the requirements for a specific intended use or application have been fulfilled Note 1 to entry: Validation can be expressed by the query “Are you building the right thing?”. Note 2 to entry: In benchmarking, checking that the methodology is suitable for intended use. 3.16 verifi
32、cation confirmation, through the provision of objective evidence, that specified requirements have been fulfilled Note 1 to entry: Verification can be expressed by the query “Are you building it right?”. Note 2 to entry: In case of benchmarking, testing of data for completeness and accuracy. BS EN 1
33、6231:2012EN 16231:2012 (E) 9 4 Energy efficiency benchmarking methodology 4.1 Minimum requirements for energy efficiency benchmarking The energy efficiency benchmarking process shall, as a minimum, include the following: definition of deliverables for each step; definition of the energy efficiency b
34、enchmarking objective(s) and the entitie(s) and boundarie(s); definition of the target group of the benchmarking; definition of the characteristics for selecting the sample; selection of participants and designation of the coordinator and establishing their roles; definition of conditions for accura
35、te, reliable and comparable data collection; definition of level of confidentiality of collected data and of database ownership and access conditions; verification of collected data; validation of the benchmarking results by coordinator and participants; definition of reporting content, depending on
36、 objective and participants. 4.2 Benchmarking steps 4.2.1 Purpose and planning Energy efficiency benchmarking starts with the definition of specific objectives of that benchmarking. The type of benchmarking (i.e. internal or external) shall be selected depending on: the need that has motivated the b
37、enchmarking; whether a particular benchmark shall be derived. EXAMPLE 1 Example of need triggering and leading to internal benchmarking: comparison of energy performance on different locations within the same organisation in order to improve energy performance. EXAMPLE 2 Example of need triggering a
38、nd leading to external benchmarking: better understanding of the statistical energy performance (average, minimum, maximum, scattering, etc.) of a sector. Management commitment for carrying out the benchmarking is important. Approval for resources shall be obtained. The coverage of the energy effici
39、ency benchmarking (i.e. geographical, sector specific and/or technical) shall be defined. The participants and their main characteristics shall be determined in relation to the product(s), service(s) and associated technologies which are subject of the benchmarking. The data collection method shall
40、be determined depending on the objectives, participants and allocated resources. Annex A provides an example of a checklist for an energy efficiency benchmarking. A coordinator shall be nominated and their role shall be established. In case of external benchmarking, participants shall approve the no
41、minated coordinator, in order to ensure confidentiality of collected data and information. The coordinator of the energy efficiency benchmarking should BS EN 16231:2012EN 16231:2012 (E) 10 have appropriate knowledge in energy management. Preferably, the coordinator should have a good knowledge of th
42、e products or services and related technologies which are to be benchmarked. It shall be defined whether correction factors such as weather conditions, product or service and associated technology, production level, quality of feedstock used, will be taken into account. A documented project plan sha
43、ll be developed. Participants should take part in the definition of the project plan. The project plan shall include the method for: data collection template (e.g. questionnaire, self-declaration, walkthrough audit, energy audit/diagnosis); data processing; data storage (database); data control, ver
44、ification and validation. The project plan shall also include: confidentiality requirements; database ownership and accessibility; result distribution criteria; reporting rules, such as presentation formats and level of detail (e.g. units, tables and graphs). 4.2.2 Data collection and verification I
45、n order to perform energy efficiency benchmarking the coordinator (or designated investigators) shall draw up a data collection template in which the type, format and accuracy of the required input data is described in a clear and unambiguous way. To make sure that the questionnaire ensuing from thi
46、s template is adequate and complete, its content could be presented to the benchmarking participants in order to ensure consensus. The coordinator shall further take care of following actions: compile a request for information and data on energy performance to the target group participants using the
47、 agreed template; review and control the use of and agreement on correction factor(s); perform a first plausibility check of the received input data. (Annex D provides examples of tools to perform this check); in case of external benchmarking the processed data shall be made anonymous by decoupling
48、them from the identification of the participant; calculate the energy efficiency based on the received input data points and rank these output data according to the agreed reporting order (mostly ascending, but other orders are possible e.g. historical); verify the data collected from the participan
49、ts on correctness and comparability; review the output results in order to check the calculation method and reject unrealistic inputs, since unrealistic outputs are commonly caused by unrealistic inputs; BS EN 16231:2012EN 16231:2012 (E) 11 if this check involves some questions on input data, request clarifications or corrections from the data suppliers. After receipt of the clarifications and/or new input data, recalculate the results. Annex B provides exam
