1、BRITISH STANDARD BS EN ISO6709:2009Standardrepresentation ofgeographic pointlocation by coordinatesICS 35.040g49g50g3g38g50g51g60g44g49g42g3g58g44g55g43g50g56g55g3g37g54g44g3g51g40g53g48g44g54g54g44g50g49g3g40g59g38g40g51g55g3g36g54g3g51g40g53g48g44g55g55g40g39g3g37g60g3g38g50g51g60g53g44g42g43g55g3
2、g47g36g58Incorporating Corrigenda February and October 2009 National forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of EN ISO 6709:2009. It is identical with ISO 6709:2008, incorporating corrigendum January 2009. It supersedes BS ISO 6709:2008, which is withdrawn.The UK participation in its
3、preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee IST/36, Geographic information.A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its cor
4、rect application.Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations.BS EN ISO 6709:2009This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 January 2008 BSI 2009Amendments/corrigenda issued since publicationDate Co
5、mments 31 October 2009 This corrigendum renumbers BS ISO 6709:2008 as BS EN ISO 6709:2009 and implements ISO ISBN 978 0 580 65840 2corrigendum January 2009, which amends text f), g) and h) in Annex D28 February 2009 Addition of supersession details: BS 5249:1983 superseded by BS ISO 6709:2008EUROPEA
6、N STANDARDNORME EUROPENNEEUROPISCHE NORMEN ISO 6709June 2009ICS 35.040English VersionStandard representation of geographic point location bycoordinates (ISO 6709:2008, including Cor 1:2009)Reprsentation normalise des latitude, longitude etaltitude pour la localisation des points gographiques (ISO670
7、9:2008, Cor 1:2009 inclus)Standarddarstellung fr geographische Punkte durchKoordinaten (ISO 6709:2008, einschlielich Cor 1:2009)This European Standard was approved by CEN on 12 June 2009.CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for givi
8、ng this EuropeanStandard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such nationalstandards may be obtained on application to the CEN Management Centre or to any CEN member.This European Standard exists in three official versio
9、ns (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translationunder the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN Management Centre has the same status as theofficial versions.CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bul
10、garia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland,France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal,Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZ
11、ATIONCOMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATIONEUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNGManagement Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2009 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reservedworldwide for CEN national Members.Ref. No. EN ISO 6709:2009: EForeword The text of ISO 6709:2008, including
12、Cor 1:2009 has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 211 “Geographic information/Geomatics” of the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) and has been taken over as EN ISO 6709:2009 by Technical Committee CEN/TC 287 “Geographic Information” the secretariat of which is held by NEN
13、. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by December 2009, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by December 2009. Attention is drawn to the possibility that so
14、me of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to imp
15、lement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerlan
16、d and the United Kingdom. Endorsement notice The text of ISO 6709:2008, including Cor 1:2009 has been approved by CEN as a EN ISO 6709:2009 without any modification. iiBS EN ISO 6709:2009EN ISO 6709:2009iiiContents Page Introduction . iv 1 Scope . 1 2 Conformance. 1 3 Normative references . 1 4 Term
17、s and definitions. 2 5 Abbreviated terms 3 6 Requirements for the representation of geographic point location 3 6.1 Conceptual model for geographic point locations 3 6.2 Elements required for geographic point location . 5 6.3 Coordinate Reference System identification . 5 6.4 Representation of horiz
18、ontal position 5 6.5 Representation of vertical position. 6 6.6 Coordinate resolution. 6 6.7 Utilization of geographic point locations . 6 7 Representation of geographic point location 6 7.1 UML model. 6 7.2 XML representation 6 7.3 Text string representation . 7 Annex A (normative) Conformance and
19、abstract test suite 8 Annex B (informative) Latitude and longitude coordinates are not unique . 10 Annex C (normative) UML description for representation of geographic point locations . 12 Annex D (informative) Representation of latitude and longitude at the human interface 17 Annex E (informative)
20、Latitude and longitude resolution 19 Annex F (informative) Utilization of Geographic Point Locations. 20 Annex G (informative) Examples of XML representation. 23 Annex H (informative) Text string representation of point location 25 Bibliography . 28 BS EN ISO 6709:2009EN ISO 6709:2009ivIntroduction
21、Efficient interchange of geographic-point-location data requires formats which are universally interpretable and which allow identification of points on, above and below the earths surface. Users in various disciplines may have different requirements. This is exemplified by the use of degrees and de
22、cimal degrees, as well as the traditional degrees, minutes and seconds, for recording latitude and longitude. Users may also require various levels of precision and may use latitude and longitude without height. The use of this International Standard will a) reduce the cost of interchange of data, b
23、) reduce the delay in converting non-standard coding structures in preparation for interchange by providing advance knowledge of the standard interchange format, and c) provide flexible support for geographic point representation. BS EN ISO 6709:2009EN ISO 6709:2009INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 6709:20
24、08(E)1Standard representation of geographic point location by coordinates 1 Scope This International Standard is applicable to the interchange of coordinates describing geographic point location. It specifies the representation of coordinates, including latitude and longitude, to be used in data int
25、erchange. It additionally specifies representation of horizontal point location using coordinate types other than latitude and longitude. It also specifies the representation of height and depth that may be associated with horizontal coordinates. Representation includes units of measure and coordina
26、te order. This International Standard is not applicable to the representation of information held within computer memories during processing and in their use in registers of geodetic codes and parameters. This International Standard supports point location representation through the eXtensible Marku
27、p Language (XML) and, recognizing the need for compatibility with the previous version of this International Standard, ISO 6709:1983, allows for the use of a single alpha-numeric string to describe point locations. For computer data interchange of latitude and longitude, this International Standard
28、generally suggests that decimal degrees be used. It allows the use of sexagesimal notations: degrees, minutes and decimal minutes or degrees, minutes, seconds and decimal seconds. This International Standard does not require special internal procedures, file-organization techniques, storage medium,
29、languages, etc., to be used in its implementation. 2 Conformance To conform to this International Standard, representations of point locations by coordinates shall satisfy all of the conditions specified in the abstract test suite (see Annex A). 3 Normative references The following referenced docume
30、nts are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. ISO/IEC 8859-1, Information technology 8-bit single-byte coded graphic character
31、 sets Part 1: Latin alphabet No. 1 ISO/TS 19103, Geographic information Conceptual schema language ISO 19107, Geographic Information Spatial schema ISO 19111:2007, Geographic Information Spatial referencing by coordinates ISO 19115:2003, Geographic Information Metadata ISO 19118, Geographic informat
32、ion Encoding BS EN ISO 6709:2009EN ISO 6709:20092 ISO/TS 19127, Geographic Information Geodetic codes and parameters ISO 19133, Geographic Information Location based services Tracking and navigation 4 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
33、 4.1 accuracy closeness of agreement between a test result or measurement result and the true value ISO 3534-2:2006 4.2 altitude height where the chosen reference surface is mean sea level 4.3 coordinate one of a sequence of n numbers designating the position of a point in n-dimensional space NOTE I
34、n a coordinate reference system, the coordinate numbers are qualified by units. ISO 19111:2007 4.4 coordinate set collection of coordinate tuples related to the same coordinate reference system ISO 19111:2007 4.5 coordinate tuple tuple composed of a sequence of coordinates NOTE The number of coordin
35、ates in the coordinate tuple equals the dimension of the coordinate system; the order of coordinates in the coordinate tuple is identical to the order of the axes of the coordinate system. ISO 19111:2007 4.6 depth distance of a point from a chosen reference surface measured downward along a line per
36、pendicular to that surface NOTE A depth above the reference surface will have a negative value. ISO 19111:2007 4.7 height h, H distance of a point from a chosen reference surface measured upward along a line perpendicular to that surface NOTE A height below the reference surface will have a negative
37、 value. ISO 19111:2007 BS EN ISO 6709:2009EN ISO 6709:200934.8 metadata data about data ISO 19115:2003 4.9 precision measure of the repeatability of a set of measurements ISO 19116:2004 4.10 resolution coordinate unit associated with the least significant digit of a coordinate NOTE Coordinate resolu
38、tion may have linear or angular units depending on the characteristics of the coordinate system. 4.11 sexagesimal degree angle represented by a sequence of values in degrees, minutes and seconds NOTE In the case of latitude or longitude, it may also include a character indicating hemisphere. EXAMPLE
39、 50,079 572 5 degrees is represented as 500446,461“ sexagesimal degrees. 4.12 tuple ordered list of values ISO 19136:2007 5 Abbreviated terms CRS Coordinate Reference System GPL Geographic Point Location GML Geography Markup Language UML Unified Modelling Language XML eXtensible Mark-up Language 6 R
40、equirements for the representation of geographic point location 6.1 Conceptual model for geographic point locations A coordinate is one of a sequence of numbers describing the position of a point. A coordinate tuple is composed of a sequence of coordinates describing one position. EXAMPLE A coordina
41、te tuple consisting of latitude, longitude and height represents a 3-dimensional geographic position. BS EN ISO 6709:2009EN ISO 6709:20094 A coordinate tuple represents a location unambiguously only if the coordinate reference system (CRS) to which it is referenced is identified. Without this identi
42、fication, uncertainty in position may result in the location being as much as several hundred metres distant, see Annex B. ISO 19111 defines the elements required to describe a coordinate reference system. A coordinate set is a collection of coordinate tuples. ISO 19111 requires that all coordinate
43、tuples within a coordinate set should be referenced to the same coordinate reference system. If only one point is being described, the association between the coordinate tuple and coordinate reference system may be direct. For a coordinate set, one CRS identification or definition is associated with
44、 the coordinate set and all coordinate tuples in that coordinate inherit that association. The conceptual relationship between the coordinate tuple, coordinate set and coordinate reference system is illustrated in Figure 1 and is formally described in UML in Annex C. Figure 1 Conceptual relationship
45、 of coordinates to a Coordinate Reference System (CRS) Coordinates within a 2-dimensional CRS describe horizontal location. Given the importance of integrating the vertical dimension in modern systems, this International Standard also allows for the representation of coordinates describing a 3-dimen
46、sional position. A description of geographical point location in 3 dimensions can be made with reference to either a 3-dimensional CRS or a compound CRS consisting of a horizontal CRS and a vertical CRS. A coordinate reference system is comprised of one coordinate system and one datum as presented i
47、n Figure 2. Figure 2 Conceptual model of a Coordinate Reference System BS EN ISO 6709:2009EN ISO 6709:200956.2 Elements required for geographic point location In this International Standard, geographic point location shall be represented by four elements: coordinate representing “x” horizontal posit
48、ion such as latitude; coordinate representing “y” horizontal position such as longitude; for 3-dimensional point locations, a value representing vertical position through either height or depth; a coordinate reference system identification. 6.3 Coordinate Reference System identification A CRS identi
49、fication shall be given for geographic point locations to be described unambiguously. For point location including the vertical position, a compound CRS identification shall be given; this compound CRS identification shall cover both horizontal and vertical positions. It is recognized that, in the absence of the CRS identification, a level of uncertainty in geographic point location is introduced. This geographic offset in position may be as much as 1 km from an actual point location as presented in Annex B. A CRS de
