1、BRITISH STANDARDBS EN ISO 12236:2006Geosynthetics Static puncture test (CBR test)The European Standard EN ISO 12236:2006 has the status of a British StandardICS 59.080.70g49g50g3g38g50g51g60g44g49g42g3g58g44g55g43g50g56g55g3g37g54g44g3g51g40g53g48g44g54g54g44g50g49g3g40g59g38g40g51g55g3g36g54g3g51g4
2、0g53g48g44g55g55g40g39g3g37g60g3g38g50g51g60g53g44g42g43g55g3g47g36g58BS EN ISO 12236:2006This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 October 2006 BSI 2006ISBN 0 580 49410 1National forewordThis British Standard was published by BSI. I
3、t is the UK implementation of EN ISO 12236:2006. It supersedes BS EN ISO 12236:1996 which will be withdrawn on 1 March 2007.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee B/553, Geotextiles and geomembranes.A list of organizations represented on B/553 can be obtained on
4、 request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application.Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations.Amendments issued since publicationAmd. No. Date Comme
5、ntsEUROPEAN STANDARDNORME EUROPENNEEUROPISCHE NORMEN ISO 12236September 2006ICS 59.080.70 Supersedes EN ISO 12236:1996 English VersionGeosynthetics - Static puncture test (CBR test) (ISO12236:2006)Gosynthtiques - Essai de poinonnement statique (essaiCBR) (ISO 12236:2006)Geokunststoffe - Stempeldurch
6、drckversuch (CBR-Versuch) (ISO 12236:2006)This European Standard was approved by CEN on 18 August 2006.CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this EuropeanStandard the status of a national standard without any alteration. U
7、p-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such nationalstandards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CEN member.This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translationunder
8、 the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the officialversions.CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France,Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland
9、, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania,Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATIONCOMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATIONEUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNGManagement Centre: rue de Stassar
10、t, 36 B-1050 Brussels 2006 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reservedworldwide for CEN national Members.Ref. No. EN ISO 12236:2006: EForeword This document (EN ISO 12236:2006) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 189 “Geosynthetics“, the secretariat of which is h
11、eld by IBN, in collaboration with Technical Committee ISO/TC 221 “Geosynthetics“. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by March 2007, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn
12、at the latest by March 2007. This document supersedes EN ISO 12236:1996. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finla
13、nd, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. EN ISO 12236:2006Reference numberISO 12236:2006(E)INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO12236Sec
14、ond edition2006-09-01Geosynthetics Static puncture test (CBR test) Gosynthtiques Essai de poinonnement statique (essai CBR) EN ISO 12236:2006ii iiiContents Page Foreword iv 1 Scope . 1 2 Normative references . 1 3 Terms and definitions. 1 4 Principle. 2 5 Apparatus 3 6 Specimens . 4 7 Conditioning 4
15、 8 Procedure 5 9 Recording, calculation and expression of results 6 9.1 Recording of data . 6 9.2 Calculation and expression of results 6 10 Test report . 6 EN ISO 12236:2006iv Foreword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (I
16、SO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, gov
17、ernmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC
18、 Directives, Part 2. The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the membe
19、r bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO 12236 was prepared by the European Committee for Standardization (CEN) T
20、echnical Committee CEN/TC 189, Geosynthetics in collaboration with Technical Committee ISO/TC 221, Geosynthetics, in accordance with the Agreement on technical cooperation between ISO and CEN (Vienna Agreement). This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 12236:1996), which has b
21、een technically revised. EN ISO 12236:20061Geosynthetics Static puncture test (CBR test) 1 Scope This International Standard specifies a method for the determination of the puncture resistance by measuring the force required to push a flat-ended plunger through geosynthetics. The test is normally ca
22、rried out on dry specimens conditioned in the specified atmosphere. The test is applicable to most types of products, but not to materials with apertures greater than 10 mm. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated re
23、ferences, only the cited edition applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. ISO 554, Standard atmospheres for conditioning and/or testing Specifications ISO 7500-1, Metallic materials Verification of static uniaxial testing mach
24、ines Part 1: Tension/compression testing machines Verification and calibration of the force-measuring system ISO 9862, Geosynthetics Sampling and preparation of test specimens ISO 10320, Geosynthetics Identification on site 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following ter
25、ms and definitions apply. 3.1 plunger force F force as the plunger is pushed onto and through the specimen at a constant rate of displacement See Figure 1. NOTE The plunger force is expressed in kilonewtons. 3.2 push-through force Fpmaximum plunger force recorded for each single test See Figure 1. N
26、OTE The push-through force is expressed in kilonewtons. EN ISO 12236:20062 3.3 displacement h distance the plunger has travelled starting from a preload of 20 N See Figure 1. NOTE The displacement is measured in millimetres. 3.4 push-through displacement hpdisplacement at maximum recorded force FPSe
27、e Figure 1. NOTE The push-through displacement is measured in millimetres. Key h displacement, in mm F plunger force, in kN Fppush-through force, in kN hppush-through displacement, in mm Figure 1 Example of a typical curve Plunger force versus plunger displacement 4 Principle The specimen is clamped
28、 between two steel rings. A plunger is advanced at a constant rate on the centre of the specimen and perpendicularly to it. The push-through force, push-through displacement and force-displacement curve are recorded. EN ISO 12236:200635 Apparatus 5.1 Testing machine. The testing machine shall be of
29、class 1 or class 0 in accordance with ISO 7500-1 and shall be capable of the following: a constant rate of displacement of (50 5) mm/min; recording force and displacement; providing an autographic read-out of force and displacement. 5.2 Plunger. A stainless steel plunger with a diameter of (50 0,5)
30、mm is used. The radius of the leading edge of the plunger shall be (2,5 0,2) mm (see Figure 2). Dimensions in millimetres NOTE This figure is not to scale. Figure 2 Plunger 5.3 Clamping system. The clamping system shall prevent slippage or cutting of the specimens. The internal diameter of the clamp
31、ing rings shall be (150 0,5) mm. Examples of a clamping system and a guide block are shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4. The surfaces should be arranged so that the distance between the inner diameter of the ring and the gripping zone (i.e. start of serration, corrugations, etc.) does not exceed 7 mm. E
32、N ISO 12236:20064 Dimensions in millimetres Key 1 load cell 5 specimen 2 cross head 6 support frame or CBR mould 3 plunger 7 rounded inside edges 4 clamping rings Figure 3 Example of clamping system device 6 Specimens Five specimens shall be tested. Take specimens at random from the sample in accord
33、ance with ISO 9862. If the material to be tested is known to have different characteristics on the two faces (e.g. physical characteristics or as a consequence of the manufacturing process), then the complete test shall be carried out separately on each face. 7 Conditioning The test specimens shall
34、be conditioned in the standard atmosphere for testing (20 2) C and (65 5) % relative humidity as defined in ISO 554. The specimens can be considered to be conditioned when the change in mass, in successive weightings made at intervals of not less than 2 h, does not exceed 0,25 % of the mass of the t
35、est specimen. Conditioning and/or testing in the standard atmosphere may only be omitted when it can be shown that results obtained for the same specific type of product (both structure and polymer type) are not affected by changes in the atmosphere exceeding the limits. This information shall be in
36、cluded in the test report. EN ISO 12236:20065Dimensions in millimetres Key 1 upper clamping ring 5 guide block 2 specimen 6 screw 3 tube 7 lower clamping ring 4 clamping aid NOTE 1 This figure is not to scale. NOTE 2 Number of screws to suit the clamping rings being used. a) Example of guide block u
37、sed Dimensions in millimetres NOTE This figure is not to scale. b) Example of details of serrated surfaces Figure 4 Examples of guide block and details of serrated surfaces 8 Procedure Secure a specimen between the clamping rings of the clamping system (see Figure 3), e.g. by using a guide block see
38、 Figure 4 a). Place the specimen and clamping system in the testing machine. Advance the plunger (see Figure 2) onto and through the specimen at a rate of (50 5) mm/min and start recording the displacement at preload of 20 N. Repeat the procedure on the remaining specimens. EN ISO 12236:20066 9 Reco
39、rding, calculation and expression of results 9.1 Recording of data Record the following for each test: push-through force (in kilonewtons) with 3 significant figures; push-through displacement (in millimetres) to an accuracy of 1 mm measured from a preload of 20 N to push-through force, if required;
40、 graph of force versus displacement, if required; any evidence of slipping or cutting of the product in or near the clamping rings. 9.2 Calculation and expression of results Calculate the mean push-through force in kilonewtons and the coefficient of variation in percent, %. A typical graph of plunge
41、r force versus displacement is given in Figure 1. 10 Test report The test report shall include the following information: a) the number and date of this International Standard (ISO 12236:2006); b) identification of the sample tested in accordance with ISO 10320, date of receipt and date of testing;
42、c) the conditioning atmosphere for the test; d) the results obtained, expressed as in 9.2; e) any evidence of slipping or cutting of the product in or near the clamping rings; f) any deviation from this International Standard; g) the side of the material tested, if relevant. EN ISO 12236:2006blankBS
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