1、BS EN ISO13849-1:2008ICS 13.110; 29.020NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAWBRITISH STANDARDSafety of machinery Safety-related parts ofcontrol systemsPart 1: General principles for design(ISO 13849-1:2006)Copyright European Committee for Standardization Provided by I
2、HS under license with CENNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-This British Standardwas published under theauthority of the StandardsPolicy and StrategyCommittee on 30 June2009. BSI 2009ISBN 978 0 580 61834 5Amendments/corrigenda issued since publicationD
3、ate CommentsBS EN ISO 13849-1:2008National forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of EN ISO13849-1:2008. It is identical to ISO 13849-1:1999. It supersedes BS ENISO 13849-1:2006 which is withdrawn.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to TechnicalCommittee MCE/3, Safe
4、guarding of machinery.A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained onrequest to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisionsof a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application.Compliance with a British Standard cannot c
5、onfer immunityfrom legal obligations.Copyright European Committee for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with CENNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-EUROPEAN STANDARDNORME EUROPENNEEUROPISCHE NORMEN ISO 13849-1June 2008ICS 13.110 Supersedes E
6、N ISO 13849-1:2006 English VersionSafety of machinery - Safety-related parts of control systems -Part 1: General principles for design (ISO 13849-1:2006)Scurit des machines - Parties des systmes decommande relatives la scurit - Partie 1: Principesgnraux de conception (ISO 13849-1:2006)Sicherheit von
7、 Maschinen - Sicherheitsbezogene Teile vonSteuerungen - Teil 1: Allgemeine Gestaltungsleitstze (ISO13849-1:2006)This European Standard was approved by CEN on 18 May 2008.CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this EuropeanS
8、tandard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such nationalstandards may be obtained on application to the CEN Management Centre or to any CEN member.This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, Fren
9、ch, German). A version in any other language made by translationunder the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN Management Centre has the same status as theofficial versions.CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Cz
10、ech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland,France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal,Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATIONCOMIT EUROPE
11、N DE NORMALISATIONEUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNGManagement Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels 2008 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reservedworldwide for CEN national Members.Ref. No. EN ISO 13849-1:2008: ECopyright European Committee for Standardization Provided
12、by IHS under license with CENNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-BS EN ISO 13849-1:2008EN ISO 13849-1:2008 (E) 3 Foreword The text of ISO 13849-1:2006 has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 199 “Safety of machinery” of the International Organiz
13、ation for Standardization (ISO) and has been taken over as EN ISO 13849-1:2008 by Technical Committee CEN/TC 114 “Safety of machinery” the secretariat of which is held by DIN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by en
14、dorsement, at the latest by December 2008, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by December 2009. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for
15、identifying any or all such patent rights. This document supersedes EN ISO 13849-1:2006. This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EC Directive(s). For relationship with EC D
16、irective(s), see informative Annexes ZA and ZB, which are integral part of this document. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republ
17、ic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. Endorsement notice The text of ISO 13849-1:2006 has b
18、een approved by CEN as a EN ISO 13849-1:2008 without any modification. Copyright European Committee for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with CENNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-BS EN ISO 13849-1:2008EN ISO 13849-1:2008 (E) 4 Annex ZA (i
19、nformative) Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential Requirements of EU Directive 98/37/EC, amended by Directive 98/79/EC This European Standard has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association to provide a means o
20、f conforming to Essential Requirements of the New Approach Directive 98/37/EC, amended by Directive 98/79/EC. Once this standard is cited in the Official Journal of the European Communities under that Directive and has been implemented as a national standard in at least one Member State, compliance
21、with the normative clauses of this standard confers, within the limits of the scope of this standard, a presumption of conformity with Essential Requirements 1.2.1 and 1.2.7 of Annex I of that Directive and associated EFTA regulations. WARNING: Other requirements and other EU Directives may be appli
22、cable to the products falling within the scope of this standard. Copyright European Committee for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with CENNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-BS EN ISO 13849-1:2008EN ISO 13849-1:2008 (E) 5 Annex ZB (informa
23、tive) Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential Requirements of EU Directive 2006/42/EC This European Standard has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association to provide a means of conforming to Essential Requireme
24、nts of the New Approach Directive Machinery 2006/42/EC. Once this standard is cited in the Official Journal of the European Communities under that Directive and has been implemented as a national standard in at least one Member State, compliance with the normative clauses of this standard confers, w
25、ithin the limits of the scope of this standard, a presumption of conformity with Essential Requirements 1.2.1 of Annex I of that Directive and associated EFTA regulations. WARNING Other requirements and other EU Directives may be applicable to the product(s) falling within the scope of this standard
26、. Copyright European Committee for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with CENNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-BS EN ISO 13849-1:2008ISO 13849-1:2006(E) ISO 2006 All rights reserved iiiContents Page Foreword. v Introduction . vi 1 Scope .
27、1 2 Normative references . 1 3 Terms, definitions, symbols and abbreviated terms. 2 3.1 Terms and definitions. 2 3.2 Symbols and abbreviated terms . 8 4 Design considerations . 9 4.1 Safety objectives in design 9 4.2 Strategy for risk reduction. 11 4.2.1 General. 11 4.2.2 Contribution to the risk re
28、duction by the control system 11 4.3 Determination of required performance level (PLr). 14 4.4 Design of SRP/CS . 14 4.5 Evaluation of the achieved performance level PL and relationship with SIL. 15 4.5.1 Performance level PL . 15 4.5.2 Mean time to dangerous failure of each channel (MTTFd) . 17 4.5
29、.3 Diagnostic coverage (DC) 18 4.5.4 Simplified procedure for estimating PL 18 4.6 Software safety requirements . 21 4.6.1 General. 21 4.6.2 Safety-related embedded software (SRESW) 21 4.6.3 Safety-related application software (SRASW) . 22 4.6.4 Software-based parameterization . 25 4.7 Verification
30、that achieved PL meets PLr26 4.8 Ergonomic aspects of design 26 5 Safety functions 26 5.1 Specification of safety functions 26 5.2 Details of safety functions . 28 5.2.1 Safety-related stop function 28 5.2.2 Manual reset function. 29 5.2.3 Start/restart function 29 5.2.4 Local control function 30 5.
31、2.5 Muting function. 30 5.2.6 Response time 30 5.2.7 Safetyrelated parameters. 30 5.2.8 Fluctuations, loss and restoration of power sources. 31 6 Categories and their relation to MTTFdof each channel, DCavgand CCF 31 6.1 General. 31 6.2 Specifications of categories 32 6.2.1 General. 32 6.2.2 Designa
32、ted architectures. 32 6.2.3 Category B. 32 6.2.4 Category 1 . 33 6.2.5 Category 2 . 34 6.2.6 Category 3 . 35 6.2.7 Category 4 . 36 6.3 Combination of SRP/CS to achieve overall PL 39 Copyright European Committee for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with CENNot for ResaleNo reproduction o
33、r networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-BS EN ISO 13849-1:2008ISO 13849-1:2006(E) iv ISO 2006 All rights reserved7 Fault consideration, fault exclusion 40 7.1 General . 40 7.2 Fault consideration . 40 7.3 Fault exclusion 41 8 Validation . 41 9 Maintenance. 41 10 Technical documentation.
34、41 11 Information for use . 42 Annex A (informative) Determination of required performance level (PLr) 44 Annex B (informative) Block method and safety-related block diagram 47 Annex C (informative) Calculating or evaluating MTTFdvalues for single components 49 Annex D (informative) Simplified metho
35、d for estimating MTTFdfor each channel . 57 Annex E (informative) Estimates for diagnostic coverage (DC) for functions and modules 59 Annex F (informative) Estimates for common cause failure (CCF). 62 Annex G (informative) Systematic failure 64 Annex H (informative) Example of combination of several
36、 safety-related parts of the control system 67 Annex I (informative) Examples 70 Annex J (informative) Software.77 Annex K (informative) Numerical representation of Figure 5 80 Bibliography . 83 Copyright European Committee for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with CENNot for ResaleNo r
37、eproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-BS EN ISO 13849-1:2008ISO 13849-1:2006(E) ISO 2006 All rights reserved vForeword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing
38、 International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liais
39、on with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task of te
40、chnical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attention is dr
41、awn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO 13849-1 was prepared by the European Committee for Standardization (CEN) Technical Committee CEN/TC 114, Safety
42、of machinery, in collaboration with Technical Committee ISO/TC 199, Safety of machinery, in accordance with the Agreement on technical cooperation between ISO and CEN (Vienna Agreement). This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO ISO 13849-1:1999), which has been technically rev
43、ised. ISO 13849 consists of the following parts, under the general title Safety of machinery Safety-related parts of control systems: Part 1: General principles for design Part 2: Validation Part 100: Guidelines for the use and application of ISO 13849-1 Technical Report Copyright European Committee
44、 for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with CENNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-BS EN ISO 13849-1:2008ISO 13849-1:2006(E) vi ISO 2006 All rights reservedIntroduction The structure of safety standards in the field of machinery is as follow
45、s. a) Type-A standards (basis standards) give basic concepts, principles for design and general aspects that can be applied to machinery. b) Type-B standards (generic safety standards) deal with one or more safety aspect(s), or one or more type(s) of safeguards that can be used across a wide range o
46、f machinery: type-B1 standards on particular safety aspects (e.g. safety distances, surface temperature, noise); type-B2 standards on safeguards (e.g. two-hands controls, interlocking devices, pressure sensitive devices, guards). c) Type-C standards (machinery safety standards) deal with detailed sa
47、fety requirements for a particular machine or group of machines. This part of ISO 13849 is a type-B-1 standard as stated in ISO 12100-1. When provisions of a type-C standard are different from those which are stated in type-A or type-B standards, the provisions of the type-C standard take precedence
48、 over the provisions of the other standards for machines that have been designed and built according to the provisions of the type-C standard. This part of ISO 13849 is intended to give guidance to those involved in the design and assessment of control systems, and to Technical Committees preparing Type-B2 or Type-C standards which are presumed to comply with the Essential Safety Requirements of Annex I of the Council Directive 98/37/EC, The Machinery Directive. It does not give specific guidance for compliance with other EC directives. As part of the overall risk reduction
