1、BSI Standards PublicationBS EN ISO 16859-1:2015Metallic materials Leebhardness testPart 1: Test methodBS EN ISO 16859-1:2015 BRITISH STANDARDNational forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of EN ISO16859-1:2015. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to TechnicalCommit
2、tee ISE/101/5, Indentation hardness testing.A list of organizations represented on this committee can beobtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessaryprovisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correctapplication. The British Standards
3、 Institution 2015.Published by BSI Standards Limited 2015ISBN 978 0 580 78930 4ICS 77.040.10Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity fromlegal obligations.This British Standard was published under the authority of theStandards Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 October 2015.Amendme
4、nts/corrigenda issued since publicationDate T e x t a f f e c t e dEUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN ISO 16859-1 October 2015 ICS 77.040.10 English Version Metallic materials - Leeb hardness test - Part 1: Test method (ISO 16859-1:2015) Matriaux mtalliques - Essai de duret Leeb -
5、Partie 1 : Mthode dessai (ISO 16859-1:2015) Metallische Werkstoffe - Hrteprfung nach Leeb - Teil 1: Prfverfahren (ISO 16859-1:2015) This European Standard was approved by CEN on 10 July 2015. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for
6、 giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three
7、 official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodi
8、es of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Sp
9、ain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey andUnited Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2015 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwid
10、e for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN ISO 16859-1:2015 EBS EN ISO 16859-1:2015EN ISO 16859-1:2015 (E) 3 European foreword This document (EN ISO 16859-1:2015) has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 164“Mechanical testing of metals” in collaboration with Technical Committee ECISS/TC 101 “Te
11、st methodsfor steel (other than chemical analysis)” the secretariat of which is held by AFNOR. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of anidentical text or by endorsement, at the latest by April 2016, and conflicting national standards shall b
12、ewithdrawn at the latest by April 2016. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject ofpatent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patentrights. According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulation
13、s, the national standards organizations of thefollowing countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria,Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia,France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Lat
14、via, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta,Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland,Turkey and the United Kingdom.Endorsement notice The text of ISO 16859-1:2015 has been approved by CEN as EN ISO 16859-1:2015 without anymodification. BS EN ISO 16859-1:20
15、15ISO 16859-1:2015(E)Foreword iv1 Scope . 12 Normative references 13 Principle 14 Symbols, abbreviated terms, and designations 15 Testing instrument . 36 Test piece 36.1 Shape . 36.2 Thickness and mass 36.3 Surface preparation 47 Procedure. 48 Uncertainty of the results 69 Test report . 610 Conversi
16、ons to other hardness scales or tensile strength values 6Annex A (normative) Tables of correction factors for use in tests not conducted in direction of gravity . 7Annex B (normative) Procedure for periodic checking of testing instrument by the user 11Annex C (informative) Uncertainty of the measure
17、d Leeb hardness values 12Annex D (informative) Leeb hardness testing instruments 18Bibliography .20 ISO 2015 All rights reserved iiiContents PageBS EN ISO 16859-1:2015ISO 16859-1:2015(E)ForewordISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards b
18、odies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizati
19、ons, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its furthe
20、r maintenance are described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives
21、).Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Intro
22、duction and/or on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents).Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not constitute an endorsement.For an explanation on the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to co
23、nformity assessment, as well as information about ISOs adherence to the WTO principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see the following URL: Foreword - Supplementary Information The committee responsible for this document is ISO/TC 164, Mechanical testing of metals, Subcommittee SC 3, Hard
24、ness testing.ISO 16859 consists of the following parts, under the general title Metallic materials Leeb hardness test: Part 1: Test method Part 2: Verification and calibration of the testing devices Part 3: Calibration of reference test blocksiv ISO 2015 All rights reservedBS EN ISO 16859-1:2015INTE
25、RNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 16859-1:2015(E)Metallic materials Leeb hardness test Part 1: Test method1 ScopeThis part of ISO 16859 covers the determination of a dynamic hardness of metallic materials using seven different Leeb scales (HLD, HLS, HLE, HLDL, HLD+15, HLC, HLG).2 Normative referencesThe follow
26、ing documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.ISO 16859-2, Metal
27、lic materials Leeb hardness test Part 2: Verification and calibration of the testing devicesISO 16859-3, Metallic materials Leeb hardness test Part 3: Calibration of reference test blocks3 PrincipleWhen testing hardness according to Leeb, a moving impact body collides at normal incidence with a surf
28、ace and rebounds. The velocity of the impact body is measured before (vA) and after impact (vR). The energy amount absorbed by the test piece respectively dissipated in the test measures the dynamic Leeb hardness of the test piece. It is assumed that the impact body does not permanently deform.The r
29、atio of the impact and rebound velocity values gives the coefficient of restitution for the impact configuration and energy used. This coefficient represents the proportion of initial kinetic energy returned to the impact body within the contact time of the impact.The hardness number according to Le
30、eb, HL, is calculated as given in Formula (1)HL RA=vv1 000 (1)wherevRis rebound velocity;vAis impact velocity.By definition, the Leeb hardness is a ratio and thus becomes a quantity without dimensions.4 Symbols, abbreviated terms, and designations4.1 For most common Leeb scale and type of impact dev
31、ices, see Table 1.NOTE Other parameter values can be used based on the specific agreement between the parties. ISO 2015 All rights reserved 1BS EN ISO 16859-1:2015ISO 16859-1:2015(E)Table 1 Symbols, dimensions, designations, and parameters of Leeb scales according to type of impact devicesSymbol Uni
32、t DesignationParameters of types of impact devicesDaS E DL D+15 C GEAmJ Kinetic impact energyb11,5 11,4 11,5 11,95 11,2 3,0 90,0vAm/s Impact velocity2,05 2,05 2,05 1,82 1,7 1,4 3,0vRm/s Rebound velocity0,615 - 1,824 50,82 - 1,8860,615 - 1,8861,1092 - 1,7290,561 - 1,5130,49 - 1,3440,9 - 2,25mm Maximu
33、m distance of ball indenter from test piece surface at velocity measurement2,00 2,00 2,00 2,00 2,00 2,00 3,00M g Mass of impact body incl. ball indenter5,45 5,40 5,45 7, 25 7,75 3,1 20,0R mm Spherical radius of indenter ball1,5 1,5 1,5 1,39 1,5 1,5 2,5Material of indenterWC-CocCdPCDeWC-CocWC-CocWC-C
34、ocWC-CocHL Leeb hardness HLD HLS HLE HLDL HLD+15 HLC HLGField of application300 HLD - 890 HLD400 HLS - 920 HLS300 HLE - 920 HLE560 HLDL - 950 HLDL330 HLD+15 - 890 HLD+15350 HLC - 960 HLC300 HLG - 750 HLGaAlternative common designation “DC”.bImpact vertically down, in direction of gravity, rounded.cT
35、ungsten-carbide cobalt.dCeramics.ePolycrystalline diamond.4.2 The Leeb hardness number is followed by the symbol “HL” with one or more subsequent characters representing the type of impact device.EXAMPLE 570 HLDLeeb hardness, HL, is measured using impact device type D in direction of gravity. Measur
36、ements using a different impact device type will deliver a different hardness number, as the result from Formula (1) depends on the parameters of each impact device type.For testing in other directions, the measured hardness number will be biased. In such cases, a correction shall be applied in acco
37、rdance with Annex A. If the test is not conducted in direction of gravity, the testing direction and correction shall be recorded, and the adjusted hardness number shall be given as the Leeb hardness result.2 ISO 2015 All rights reservedBS EN ISO 16859-1:2015ISO 16859-1:2015(E)5 Testing instrument5.
38、1 The instrument used for Leeb hardness testing consists of an impact device (for an example, see Annex D) and an electronic measuring and indicating unit to determine the impact and rebound velocity of the impact body.5.2 The impact body consists of a spherical indenter and the holder of the indent
39、er, see Table 1.5.3 The support ring shall be mounted tightly to the bottom of the impact device. Except for impact device type DL, the support surface shall be designed to prevent movement of the impact device during the test.The support ring should be checked regularly, as wear can affect the read
40、ings. Specifically, the bottom surface of the support ring should be visually inspected. Deposits and dirt should be removed.5.4 The instrument shall meet the requirements of ISO 16859-2.6 Test piece6.1 Shape6.1.1 Leeb hardness testing can be done on test pieces of diverse shapes as long as the impa
41、ct velocity vector is normal to the local surface region to be tested, and the support ring is stably placed on the test piece surface.6.1.2 Test pieces with curved surfaces (concave or convex) can be tested providing that the radius of curvature at the test location is not less than 50 mm for the i
42、mpact device type G, or 30 mm for other impact devices, respectively.6.1.3 In all other cases, special support rings shall be used for a stable seating of the instrument on the test surface.6.2 Thickness and massThe stiffness of the test piece, which is often determined by the local thickness and th
43、e mass of the test piece, shall be considered when selecting the impact device to be employed (see Table 2).NOTE 1 Failure to provide adequate support will produce incorrect test results.NOTE 2 Test pieces of mass less than the minimum indicated mass or pieces of sufficient mass with sections less t
44、han the minimum thickness require rigid support and/or coupling to a solid supporting body. Coupling refers to a method where the test piece is firmly connected to a much heavier support without straining or stressing the test piece. For example, an adhesive film can be applied between the test piec
45、e surface and the heavy support. This combination presents a larger combined mass to resist the impinging impact body. The coupling method can be used after comparison of the results with an uncoupled reference test piece of sufficient mass and thickness. ISO 2015 All rights reserved 3BS EN ISO 1685
46、9-1:2015ISO 16859-1:2015(E)Table 2 Mass and thickness requirements of test pieceType of impact devicesMinimum mass (no rigid support)Minimum mass (rigid support)Minimum thickness (uncoupled)Minimum thickness (coupled)kg kg mm mmD, DL, D+15, S, E 5 2 25 3G 15 5 70 10C 1,5 0,5 10 1NOTE 3 Special geome
47、tries of the test piece, e.g. thin slabs or tube surfaces, can require additional support of the test location to also permit testing where the thickness of the test piece can be smaller than the minimum thickness given in Table 2. For example on tubes, the support requirement can be expressed in te
48、rms of the ratio of the tube diameter, D, to its wall thickness, s, (see References 2 to 4), which is a measure of the sample stiffness. If no support can be applied, correction factors to the measured values can be determined in dependence of D/s (see Reference 4).6.3 Surface preparationThe test su
49、rface shall be carefully prepared to avoid any alterations in hardness caused by heating during grinding or by work hardening during machining. It is recommended that the test surface be machined and polished to the surface finish as defined in Table 3. Any coatings, scale, contaminants, or other surface irregularities shall be completely removed. The surface shall be free from lubricants. The surface locations to be tested should not exceed the arithmetical mean roughness values, Ra,(also “centre line average”) (see Reference
