1、raising standards worldwideNO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAWBSI Standards PublicationBS EN ISO 22825:2012Non-destructive testing ofwelds Ultrasonic testing Testing of welds in austeniticsteels and nickel-based alloysBS EN ISO 22825:2012 BRITISH STANDARDNational f
2、orewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of EN ISO22825:2012. It supersedes BS EN ISO 22825:2006 which is withdrawn.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to TechnicalCommittee WEE/46, Non-destructive testing.A list of organizations represented on this committee can beobt
3、ained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessaryprovisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correctapplication. The British Standards Institution 2012. Published by BSI StandardsLimited 2012ISBN 978 0 580 65756 6ICS 25.160.40Compliance with
4、 a British Standard cannot confer immunity fromlegal obligations.This British Standard was published under the authority of theStandards Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 May 2012.Amendments issued since publicationDate Text affectedEUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN ISO 22825 Ma
5、y 2012 ICS 25.160.40 Supersedes EN ISO 22825:2006English Version Non-destructive testing of welds - Ultrasonic testing - Testing of welds in austenitic steels and nickel-based alloys (ISO 22825:2012) Contrle non destructif des assemblages souds - Contrle par ultrasons - Contrle des soudures en acier
6、s austnitiques et en alliages base nickel (ISO 22825:2012)Zerstrungsfreie Prfung von Schweiverbindungen - Ultraschallprfung - Prfung von Schweiverbindungen aus austenitischem Stahl und Nickellegierungen (ISO 22825:2012) This European Standard was approved by CEN on 3 May 2012. CEN members are bound
7、to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-
8、CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has
9、 the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Po
10、land, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2012 CEN All rights of exploitation in any for
11、m and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN ISO 22825:2012: EBS EN ISO 22825:2012EN ISO 22825:2012 (E) 3 Foreword This document (EN ISO 22825:2012) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 121 “Welding“, the secretariat of which is held by DIN, in collaboration
12、 with Technical Committee ISO/TC 44 “Welding and allied processes“. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by November 2012, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the late
13、st by November 2012. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This document supersedes EN ISO 22825:2006. According to the CEN/
14、CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lith
15、uania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom. BS EN ISO 22825:2012ISO 22825:2012(E) ISO 2012 All rights reserved iiiContents PageForeword ivIntroduction v1 Scope 12 Normative references . 13 Te
16、rms and definitions . 24 Information required prior to testing 24.1 Items to be defined by specification 24.2 Specific information required by the operator prior to testing . 25 Personnel . 36 Equipment . 37 Range setting for compression waves 38 Sensitivity setting 48.1 General . 48.2 Use of side-d
17、rilled holes 48.3 Use of other reference reflectors 59 Test procedure and ultrasonic techniques . 59.1 Development of the test procedure 59.2 Content of the procedure 59.3 Selection of ultrasonic technique(s) 69.4 Optimization of technique and draft of procedure . 79.5 Practical implications of the
18、use of refracted compression waves . 710 Classification and sizing of indications 811 Testing of welds . 811.1 General . 811.2 Surface condition and couplant fluid . 811.3 Parent metal testing 811.4 Scanning 811.5 Evaluation of indications . 912 Test report . 912.1 General data 912.2 Information rel
19、ated to equipment 912.3 Information related to testing technique . 912.4 Results of testing 10Annex A (informative) Compression wave angle beam techniques . 11Annex B (informative) Stainless steel calibration blocks for range setting .17Annex C (informative) Reference blocks for sensitivity setting
20、19Bibliography .22BS EN ISO 22825:2012ISO 22825:2012(E)ForewordISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees.
21、Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the Internat
22、ional Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standar
23、ds adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote.Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject o
24、f patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.ISO 22825 was prepared by the European Committee for Standardization (CEN) Technical Committee TC 121, Welding, Sub-committee SC 5, Testing of welds, in collaboration with Technical Committee ISO/TC 44,
25、Welding and allied processes, Subcommittee SC 5, Testing and inspection of welds, in accordance with the Agreement on technical cooperation between ISO and CEN (Vienna Agreement).This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 22825:2006), which has been technically revised.The main
26、changes are the addition of annexes on: compression wave angle beam techniques; stainless steel calibration blocks for range setting; examples of reference blocks.Requests for official interpretations of any aspect of this International Standard should be directed to the Secretariat of ISO/TC 44/SC
27、5 via your national standards body. A complete listing of these bodies can be found at www.iso.org.iv ISO 2012 All rights reservedBS EN ISO 22825:2012ISO 22825:2012(E)IntroductionWelds in austenitic steel components and dissimilar metal welds are widely regarded as very difficult to inspect by ultra
28、sound. The problems are mainly associated with unfavourable structure and grain size, as well as with different material properties which result in inhomogeneous and anisotropic mechanical and acoustic properties that contrast with the relatively homogeneous and isotropic behaviour in low-alloy stee
29、l welds.Austenitic weld metal and other coarse-grained, anisotropic materials can significantly affect ultrasound propagation. In addition, beam distortion, unexpected reflections and wave mode conversions on the fusion line and/or columnar grains can occur. Therefore it can be difficult and sometim
30、es impossible for ultrasonic waves to penetrate the weld metal.Ultrasonic testing of these metals may require techniques that differ from conventional techniques. These special techniques often include the use of dual-element probes designed for refracted compression (longitudinal) waves or creeping
31、 waves rather than for conventional shear waves.In addition, it is necessary to produce representative reference blocks with welds in order to develop a testing procedure, set a preliminary sensitivity level, assess the procedure and demonstrate effectiveness before a definitive procedure is written
32、. Material, weld preparation and welding procedure, as well as the geometry and surface condition of reference blocks are the same as for the component being tested. ISO 2012 All rights reserved vBS EN ISO 22825:2012BS EN ISO 22825:2012Non-destructive testing of welds Ultrasonic testing Testing of w
33、elds in austenitic steels and nickel-based alloys1 ScopeThis International Standard specifies the approach to be followed when developing procedures for the ultrasonic testing of the following welds: welds in stainless steels; welds in nickel-based alloys; welds in duplex steels; dissimilar metal we
34、lds; austenitic welds.The purposes of the testing can be very different, e.g.: for the assessment of quality level (manufacturing); for the detection of specific indications induced in service.Acceptance levels are not included in this International Standard, but can be applied in accordance with th
35、e scope of the testing (see Clause 5).The requirements of this International Standard are applicable to both manual and mechanized testing.2 Normative referencesThe following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited app
36、lies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.ISO 5577, Non-destructive testing Ultrasonic inspection VocabularyISO 7963, Non-destructive testing Ultrasonic testing Specification for calibration block No. 2ISO 9712, Non-destructive tes
37、ting Qualification and certification of NDT personnelISO 17635, Non-destructive testing of welds General rules for metallic materialsISO 17640, Non-destructive testing of welds Ultrasonic testing Techniques, testing levels, and assessmentEN 473, Non-destructive testing Qualification and certificatio
38、n of NDT personnel General principlesEN 12668-1, Non-destructive testing Characterization and verification of ultrasonic examination equipment Part 1: InstrumentsEN 12668-2, Non-destructive testing Characterization and verification of ultrasonic examination equipment Part 2: ProbesEN 12668-3, Non-de
39、structive testing Characterization and verification of ultrasonic examination equipment Part 3: Combined equipmentINTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 22825:2012(E) ISO 2012 All rights reserved 1BS EN ISO 22825:2012ISO 22825:2012(E)3 Terms and definitionsFor the purposes of this document, the terms and defini
40、tions given in ISO 5577, ISO 17635 and the following apply.3.1dual-element probeultrasonic probe in which the transmit and receive transducers are separate and are electrically and acoustically isolated from each other3.2focal distancedual element probes distance between probe and focal point on the
41、 acoustical axis where the acoustic pressure is at its maximum3.3focal curvedual element probes curve, representing the relationship between sound path and sensitivity of a probe on a specified material containing specified reflectors4 Information required prior to testing4.1 Items to be defined by
42、specificationInformation on the following items is required:a) material type and grade;b) purpose and extent of testing, including testing for transverse indications, if required;c) testing levels (see Clause 10);d) manufacturing or operation stage at which the testing shall be carried out;e) requir
43、ements for access, the surface condition (see 11.2) and temperature;f) whether or not parent metal testing shall be carried out prior to and/or after welding (see 11.3);g) reference blocks (see Clauses 6 and 7);h) personnel qualifications (see Clause 5);i) reporting requirements (see Clause 12);j) a
44、cceptance criteria and/or recording level.4.2 Specific information required by the operator prior to testingBefore any testing of a welded joint, the operator shall have access to all the information as specified in 4.1, together with the following additional information:a) the written testing proce
45、dure (see Clause 9);b) type(s) of parent material and product form (i.e. cast, forged, rolled);c) the joint preparation and dimensions;d) the welding procedure or relevant information on the welding process;e) the time of the inspection with regard to any post-weld heat treatment;f) the result of an
46、y parent metal testing carried out prior to and/or after welding;2 ISO 2012 All rights reservedBS EN ISO 22825:2012ISO 22825:2012(E)g) reference points and details of co-ordinate systems for the test object.5 PersonnelPersonnel performing testing in accordance with this International Standard shall
47、be qualified to an appropriate level in accordance with ISO 9712 or EN 473 or equivalent in the relevant industrial sector.In addition to a general knowledge of ultrasonic weld testing, the operators shall be familiar with and have practical experience in testing problems specifically associated wit
48、h the type of materials and weld joints to be tested. Specific training and examination of personnel should be performed on representative pieces (duplex, austenitic, stainless steel) containing welds and using dual-element longitudinal wave probes. This training and the examination results should b
49、e documented.If this is not the case, specific training and examination should be performed with the finalized ultrasonic testing procedures and selected ultrasonic testing equipment on representative samples containing natural or artificial reflectors similar to those expected. This training and the examination results should be documented.6 EquipmentThe equipment used for testing shall fulfil the requirements of EN 12668-1 and EN 12668-2. The verification of the combined equipment shall be done in
