1、raising standards worldwideNO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAWBSI Standards PublicationBS EN ISO 29461-1:2013Air intake filter systems forrotary machinery TestmethodsPart 1: Static filter elements (ISO29461-1:2013)BS EN ISO 29461-1:2013 BRITISH STANDARDNational for
2、ewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of EN ISO29461-1:2013.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to TechnicalCommittee MCE/21/3, Air filters other than for air supply for I.C.engines and compressors.A list of organizations represented on this committee can beobtained o
3、n request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessaryprovisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correctapplication. The British Standards Institution 2013. Published by BSI StandardsLimited 2013ISBN 978 0 580 69479 0ICS 29.160.99Compliance with a Brit
4、ish Standard cannot confer immunity fromlegal obligations.This British Standard was published under the authority of theStandards Policy and Strategy Committee on 30 April 2013.Amendments issued since publicationDate Text affectedEUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN ISO 29461-1 April
5、 2013 ICS 29.160.99 English Version Air intake filter systems for rotary machinery - Test methods - Part 1: Static filter elements (ISO 29461-1:2013) Systmes de filtration dair dadmission pour machines tournantes - Mthodes dessai - Partie 1: lments filtrants pour filtres statiques (ISO 29461-1:2013)
6、 Luftfiltereinlasssysteme von Rotationsmaschinen - Prfverfahren - Teil 1: Statische Filterelemente (ISO 29461-1:2013) This European Standard was approved by CEN on 1 March 2013. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this E
7、uropean Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official vers
8、ions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria,
9、 Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, S
10、witzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2013 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Member
11、s. Ref. No. EN ISO 29461-1:2013: EBS EN ISO 29461-1:2013EN ISO 29461-1:2013 (E) 3 Foreword This document (EN ISO 29461-1:2012) has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 142 “Cleaning equipment for air and other gases“ in collaboration with Technical Committee CEN/TC 195 “Air filters for genera
12、l air cleaning” the secretariat of which is held by UNI. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by October 2013, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by Octobe
13、r 2013. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards orga
14、nizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg,
15、 Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom. Endorsement notice The text of ISO 29461-1:2013 has been approved by CEN as EN ISO 29461-1:2013 without any modification. BS EN ISO 29461-1:2013ISO 29461-1:2013(E) I
16、SO 2013 All rights reserved iiiContents PageForeword v0 Introduction .vi1 Scope . 12 Normative references 13 Terms and definitions . 23.2 Velocity. 23.3 Efficiency 23.5 Pressure drop (differential pressure) . 33.6 Filter area 33.7 Filters 33.8 Test aerosol 43.9 Test dust 53.10 Particle sampling . 53
17、.11 Particle shedding . 54 Symbols and abbreviated terms . 65 General requirements . 86 Test rig and equipment 86.1 Test condition . 86.2 Test rig 86.3 DEHS test aerosol generation 126.4 Aerosol sampling system 136.5 Flow measurement . 146.6 Particle counter . 146.7 Differential pressure measuring e
18、quipment 156.8 Dust feeder 156.9 Diluter equipment . 177 Qualification of test rig and apparatus .187.1 General 187.2 Air velocity uniformity in the test duct . 187.3 Aerosol uniformity in the test duct. 197.4 Particle counter sizing accuracy . 207.5 Particle counter zero test 207.6 Particle counter
19、 overload test . 207.7 100 % efficiency test . 217.8 Zero % efficiency test . 217.9 Aerosol generator response time . 217.10 Dilution ratio 227.11 Correlation ratio . 227.12 Pressure drop checking 237.13 Dust feeder airflow rate . 237.14 Reference filter check . 247.15 Summary of qualification requi
20、rements 257.16 Apparatus maintenance . 258 Test materials .268.1 Test air . 268.2 Test aerosol . 268.3 Loading dust . 278.4 Final filter . 279 Test procedure .279.1 Preparation of filter to be tested. 289.2 Initial pressure drop . 28BS EN ISO 29461-1:2013ISO 29461-1:2013(E)iv ISO 2013 All rights res
21、erved9.3 Initial particulate efficiency measurement 289.4 Conditioning test 329.5 Dust loading 3210 Uncertainty calculation of the test results 3310.1 Particulate efficiency for medium efficiency filters (initial particulate efficiency: 35 E 85 % at 0,4 m) 3310.2 Particulate efficiency for high effi
22、ciency filters (initial particulate efficiency 85 % at 0,4 m) 3410.3 Gravimetric efficiency 3611 Reporting .3611.1 General 3611.2 Interpretation of test reports 3711.3 Summary . 3811.4 Efficiency . 4011.5 Pressure drop and airflow rate 4011.6 Marking 40Annex A (normative) Conditioning test procedure
23、 47Annex B (informative) Shedding from filter elements 51Annex C (informative) Commentary 53Annex D (normative) Pressure drop calculation 57Annex E (normative) Net Area Calculation .59Bibliography .66BS EN ISO 29461-1:2013ISO 29461-1:2013(E)ForewordISO (the International Organization for Standardiza
24、tion) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be
25、represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.International Standards
26、 are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an Internati
27、onal Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote.Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.ISO 29461-1 was p
28、repared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 142, Cleaning equipment for air and other gases.ISO 29461 consists of the following parts, under the general title Air intake filter systems for rotary machinery Test methods : Part 1: Static filter elementsCleanable (pulse jet) and surface loading filters, mech
29、anical integrity of filter elements, in situ testing, marine and offshore environment filter systems, and cleanable (pulse Jet) filter elements will form the subjects of future parts. ISO 2013 All rights reserved vBS EN ISO 29461-1:2013ISO 29461-1:2013(E)0 Introduction0.1 Filters in power generating
30、/compressor applicationsIn rotating machinery applications, the filtering system, typically a set of filter elements arranged in a suitable manner, are an important part of the whole turbine/compressor system. The development of turbine machinery used for energy production or others has led to more
31、sophisticated equipment and therefore the importance of good protection of these systems has become more important in the recent years. It is known that particulate contamination can deteriorate a turbine power system quite substantially if not taken care of.This event is often described as “erosion
32、”, “fouling” and “hot corrosion” where salt and other corrosive particles are known as potential problems. Other particulate matters may also cause significant reduction of efficiency of the systems. It is important to understand that air filter devices in such systems are located in various environ
33、mental conditions. The range of climate and particulate contamination is very wide, ranging from deserts to humid rain forests to arctic environments. The requirements on these filter systems are obviously different depending on where they will be operating.ISO 29461 has based the performance of the
34、 air intake filter systems not only upon heavy dust collection but also particulate efficiency in a size range that is considered to be the problematic area for these applications. Both ultra-fine and fine particles, as well as larger particles, should be considered when evaluating turbine fouling.
35、In typical outdoor air, ultra-fine and fine particles in the size range from 0,01 m to 1 m contribute to 99 % of the number concentration and to 90 % of the surface contamination. The majority of the mass normally comes from larger particles (1,0 m).Turbo-machinery filters comprise a wide range of p
36、roducts from filters for very coarse particles to filters for very fine, sub-micron particles. The range of products varies from self-cleaning to depth and surface loading systems. The filters and the systems have to withstand a wide temperature and humidity range, very low to very high dust concent
37、ration and mechanical stress. The shape of products existing today can be of many different types and have different functions such as droplet separators, coalescing products, filter pads, metal filters, inertial filters, filter cells, bag filters, panel-type, self-cleanable and depth loading filter
38、 cartridges and pleated media surface filter elements.ISO 29461 will provide a way to compare these products in a similar way and define what criteria are important for air filter intake systems for rotary machinery performance protection. The performance of products in this broad range must be comp
39、ared in a good manner. Comparing different filters and filter types must be done with respect to the operating conditions they finally will be used in.For instance, if a filter or a filter system is meant to operate in an extreme, very dusty environment, the real particulate efficiency of such a fil
40、ter cannot be predicted because the dust loading of the filter plays an important role. ISO 29461-2 will address the performance of cleanable and surface loading filters.0.2 Filtration characteristicsInitiatives to address the potential problems of particle re-entrainment, shedding and the in-servic
41、e charge neutralization characteristics of certain types of media have been included in Annexes A and B.Certain types of filter media rely on electrostatic effects to achieve high efficiencies at low resistance to airflow. Exposure to some types of challenge, such as combustion particles or other fi
42、ne particles, may inhibit such charges with the result that filter performance suffers. The normative test procedure, described in Annex A, provides techniques for identifying this type of behaviour. This procedure is used to determine whether the filter particulate efficiency is dependent on the el
43、ectrostatic removal mechanism and to provide quantitative information about the importance of the electrostatic removal. The procedure was selected because it is well established, reproducible, relatively fast and easy to perform.In an ideal filtration process, each particle would be permanently arr
44、ested at the first contact with a filter fibre, but incoming particles may impact on a captured particle and dislodge it into the air stream. Fibres or particles from the filter itself could also be released, due to mechanical forces. From the users point of view it might be important to know this,
45、see Annex B.vi ISO 2013 All rights reservedBS EN ISO 29461-1:2013ISO 29461-1:2013(E)Filters with a low initial or conditioned particulate efficiency (1 000 mm and/or 1,1 LFigure 4 Duct section including the filter to be tested (4) and filter length ( L)Key1 filter sectionFigure 5 Example of filter s
46、ection with transition for special filter constructionFigure 6 Examples of mounting of circular cartridge in test duct ISO 2013 All rights reserved 11BS EN ISO 29461-1:2013ISO 29461-1:2013(E)Dimensions in millimetresKey1 mixing orifice2 perforated plate with diameter 152 mm 2 mm and 40 % open area3
47、pressure tap4 transition duct - test filter smaller than duct5 transition duct - test filter larger than ductFigure 7 Details of test duct components6.3 DEHS test aerosol generationThe test aerosol shall consist of undiluted DEHS, or other aerosols in accordance with 8.2. Test aerosol of DEHS (DiEth
48、ylHexylSebacate) produced by a Laskin nozzle aerosol generator is widely used in performance testing of high efficiency filters. The aerosol shall be virtually un-charged, which means that no additional treatment of the aerosol (such as neutralization with radioactive sources, electrostatic charge g
49、enerators, etc.) is allowed.Figure 8 gives an example of a system for generating the aerosol. It consists of a small container with DEHS liquid and a Laskin nozzle. The aerosol is generated by feeding compressed particle-free air through the Laskin nozzle. The atomized droplets are then directly introduced into the test rig. The pressure and airflow to the nozzle are varied according to the test flow and the required aerosol concentration. For a test flow of 0,944 m3/s the pressure is about 17 kPa, corresponding to an airflow of
