1、 ETSI EG 202 191 V1.1.1 (2003-08)ETSI Guide Human Factors (HF);Multimodal interaction, communicationand navigation guidelinesETSI ETSI EG 202 191 V1.1.1 (2003-08) 2 Reference DEG/HF-00029 Keywords ICT, disability, multimode, Design for All, interaction, interface, diversity, user ETSI 650 Route des
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6、ropean Telecommunications Standards Institute 2003. All rights reserved. DECTTM, PLUGTESTSTM and UMTSTM are Trade Marks of ETSI registered for the benefit of its Members. TIPHONTMand the TIPHON logo are Trade Marks currently being registered by ETSI for the benefit of its Members. 3GPPTM is a Trade
7、Mark of ETSI registered for the benefit of its Members and of the 3GPP Organizational Partners. ETSI ETSI EG 202 191 V1.1.1 (2003-08) 3 Contents Intellectual Property Rights5 Foreword.5 Introduction 5 1 Scope 6 2 References 6 3 Definitions and abbreviations.7 3.1 Definitions7 3.2 Abbreviations .8 4
8、Lessons from stakeholder consultation 8 5 Current initiatives for multimodal accessibility .9 6 Usage scenarios10 7 Multimodality for reduction of social exclusion 10 7.1 The social exclusion of disabled people.10 7.2 Monomodality of information presentation and social exclusion.11 7.3 Multimodality
9、 as compensation for impairments .11 7.4 Alleviating social exclusion .12 7.5 Benefits of multimodality for everybody .12 8 Multimodality for improving accessibility.12 8.1 What is Accessibility? 12 8.2 Assistive technologies 13 8.3 Physical disabilities 13 8.4 Low vision14 8.5 Blindness 15 8.6 Abou
10、t hearing disabilities.15 8.7 Communication and language disabilities16 9 Human factors guidelines and recommendations for multimodal interaction17 9.1 Metaprinciples for the design of multimodal systems17 9.2 Design principles for multimodal systems .18 9.3 Implementation principles21 10 Conclusion
11、s and recommendations for future work.21 Annex A (informative): Stakeholder consultations .23 A.1 Questionnaire(s) .23 A.2 Records of consultations 30 A.2.1 User Consultation, Perth, 20thJune 2002 .30 Annex B (informative): Applying the design guidelines to a real world scenario 38 Annex C (informat
12、ive): Current initiatives (technology roadmap) .46 C.1 World Wide Web Consortium (W3C), Web Accessibility Initiative (WAI) .46 C.1.1 Judy Brewer - Director, Web Accessibility Initiative, International program Office.46 C.2 Media Access Group at WCBH, National Centre for Accessible Media (NCAM) .46 C
13、.2.1 Geoff Freed, Project Manager 46 C.2.2 Gerry Field, Technology Manager .46 C.3 Critical Computing Research Group, MIT Media Lab.47 C.4 IBM Research Labs47 ETSI ETSI EG 202 191 V1.1.1 (2003-08) 4 C.4.1 Shari Trewin.47 C.4.2 Stphane Maes - Manager, Mobile Speech Solutions, human language technolog
14、ies .47 C.4.3 Jay Murdock - Industry Solutions Lab, Essential, or potentially Essential, IPRs notified to ETSI in respect of ETSI standards“, which is available from the ETSI Secretariat. Latest updates are available on the ETSI Web server (http:/webapp.etsi.org/IPR/home.asp). Pursuant to the ETSI I
15、PR Policy, no investigation, including IPR searches, has been carried out by ETSI. No guarantee can be given as to the existence of other IPRs not referenced in ETSI SR 000 314 (or the updates on the ETSI Web server) which are, or may be, or may become, essential to the present document. Foreword Th
16、is ETSI Guide (EG) has been produced by ETSI Technical Committee Human Factors (HF). Introduction The eEurope vision is of an information society that releases human and economic potential to improve productivity and the quality of life in Europe. Technology developments are expected to open up sign
17、ificant economic and social opportunities. From new technologies are expected to spring new services, applications and content that will create new markets and provide the means to increase productivity and hence growth and employment throughout the economy. By 2005 Europe is expected to have modern
18、 online public services providing e-government (see note), e-learning and e-health to a population of citizens working in a dynamic e-business environment. As an enabler for these services there will be widespread availability of broadband access at competitive prices supporting a secure information
19、 infrastructure. NOTE: eEurope 2005: An information society for all, An Action Plan to be presented in view of the Sevilla European Council, 21/22 June 2002 http:/europa.eu.int/information_society/eeurope/news_library/documents/eeurope2005/eeurope2005_en.pdf. Improved access for disabled people is a
20、n objective of the eEurope initiative. In October 2001 the Council of the European Parliament adopted a resolution on e-inclusion and a further resolution in March 2002 stating that Member States should speed up their efforts in implementing the “Web Accessibility Initiative“ guidelines. The vision
21、of eEurope sees ICT as an opportunity for disabled people, and other vulnerable groups, to gain equality of access to participation in society not as just another means by which they are to be disenfranchised or excluded. There are clearly social, regulatory and commercial drivers pushing large corp
22、orate ICT users to demand accessibility in the systems they purchase. It will also be increasingly necessary for them to retrospectively add accessibility to existing technologies in use for day-to-day commercial activities. Providers of ICT services are facing increasing demands for accessible serv
23、ices to meet the needs of older consumers, and also from legislative pressure from both national and EU actions. There is an opportunity here for accessibility technology to add value to new wave multimodal information technology. A technology capability in this area could be used for product differ
24、entiation, technology provision and support could be offered to application vendors, or accessibility services offered out through public networks to third parties for resale within their own commercial service offerings. ICT providers need clear guidance on the human issues for the design of this t
25、echnology from which they can build commercial product that is inclusive of the broad diversity of people who need to make use of it in Europe. ETSI ETSI EG 202 191 V1.1.1 (2003-08) 6 1 Scope The present document identifies key issues, solutions and actions for multimodal interaction, communication
26、and navigation at the user interface with ICT systems and terminals. It specifically addresses the usage context of transactional interactions for independent living e.g. on-line expenses forms and diaries (employment); on-line shopping and banking (home); on-line gaming and travel agency (leisure);
27、 learning delivery systems (education). To add to previous guidance provided by HF such as EG 202 116 2 and TR 102 068 3. The present document focuses on the dynamics of multimodal transactions/user dialogues for the full diversity of users of ICT systems and terminals. It identifies how simplificat
28、ions, translations, sensory transpositions, or other presentation or content manipulations of a multimodal transaction can be used to improve ease of access for people with sensory, motor or cognitive impairments to telecommunications products and services. It reports the results of consultation wit
29、h users and user groups to identify the areas of transactional interactions that are currently providing a barrier to ICT access. To overcome these barriers a structured set of design and implementation guidelines is presented. The present document emphasizes opportunities for simple generic human f
30、actors solutions that are commercially attractive to network operators and equipment providers for delivery as a sustainable revenue generating activity. These are open information and communications technologies to consumers who might otherwise be excluded. In addition it makes recommendations for
31、the specific actions that need to be taken in this area to overcome barriers and expand use. Where possible this is supported by illustrations or examples. The recommendations, guidelines and principles given here have been produced from a “design for all“ perspective. While they have been produced
32、out of observation and consultation with disabled people they have been constructed to be of value in making multimodal dialogues easier and more effective for all users not just those involved in their construction. The present document does not address the special needs of young children for acces
33、s to ICT, which is dealt with in TR 102 133 4. 2 References The following documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of the present document. References are either specific (identified by date of publication and/or edition number or version number) or n
34、on-specific. For a specific reference, subsequent revisions do not apply. For a non-specific reference, the latest version applies. Referenced documents which are not found to be publicly available in the expected location might be found at http:/docbox.etsi.org/Reference. 1 CEN/CENELEC Guide 6 (200
35、2): “Guidelines for standards developers to address the needs of older persons and persons with disabilities“. 2 ETSI EG 202 116: “Human Factors (HF); Guidelines for ICT products and services; “Design for All“. 3 ETSI TR 102 068: “Human Factors (HF); Requirements for assistive technology devices in
36、ICT“. 4 ETSI TR 102 133: “Human Factors (HF); Access to ICT by young people: Issues and guidelines“. ETSI ETSI EG 202 191 V1.1.1 (2003-08) 7 3 Definitions and abbreviations 3.1 Definitions For the purposes of the present document, the following terms and definitions apply: accessible design: design
37、focussed on principles of extending standard design to people with some type of performance limitation to maximize the number of potential customers who can readily use a product or service NOTE 1: See 1, 2 and 3. NOTE 2: Accessible design is a subset of universal design. Terms such as design for al
38、l, barrier-free design, inclusive design, transgenerational design are used similarly but in different contexts. NOTE 3: Design for all is more commonly used in Europe. It refers to designing mainstream products and services to be accessible by as broad a range of users as possible. It can be achiev
39、ed through one of three ways: a) by designing products, services and environments that are readily usable by most users without any modification; b) by making them adaptable to different users (adapting user interfaces); and c) by having standardized interfaces to be compatible with special products
40、 for people with disabilities. NOTE 4: Barrier-free design is more commonly used in codes and standards documents, and often in reference to the removal of barriers in buildings, whether physical or sensory. assistive technology device: device used by a disabled person to prevent, compensate, reliev
41、e or neutralize any resultant handicap and which has the ability to interface to an ICT device Design for All (DfA): design of products to be usable by all people, to the greatest extent possible, without the need for specialized adaptation ICT device: device for processing information and/or suppor
42、ting communication which has an interface to communicate with a user impairment: problem in body function or structure such as a significant deviation or loss NOTE 1: See 1, 2 and 3. NOTE 2: Impairment can be temporary or permanent, slight or severe and can fluctuate over time. NOTE 3: Body function
43、 can be a physiological or psychological function of a body system; body structure refers to an anatomic part of the body such as organs, limbs and their components. multimodal: adjective that indicates that at least one of the directions of a two-way communication uses two sensory modalities (visio
44、n, touch, hearing, olfaction, speech, gestures, etc.) multimodality: property of a user interface in which: a) more than one sensory modality is available for the channel (e.g. output can be visual or auditory); or b) within a channel, a particular piece of information is represented in more than on
45、e sensory modality (e.g. the command to open a file can be spoken or typed). navigation: at a high level, navigation information is concerned with the following elements: where am I (and how did I get here), where can I go to, and how do I get there? EXAMPLE: The navigation bar besides word processo
46、rs indicates the location where you are in the document, and whether you can go up or down, or both. Moving the block up or down will take you in that direction. Especially when navigating in information spaces, it is not always clear where you are (e.g. in a tree structure), how you can get where y
47、ou want, etc. ETSI ETSI EG 202 191 V1.1.1 (2003-08) 8 pleasurenomics: the study of human pleasure in the design of products and services and the methods for improving user experience as result of an improved understanding of this aspect of human interaction with products and services universal desig
48、n: design of products and environments to be usable by all people, to the greatest extent possible, without the need for adaptation or specialized design NOTE: See 1, 2 and 3. 3.2 Abbreviations For the purposes of the present document, the following abbreviations apply: ADL Activities of Daily Livin
49、g AT Assistive TechnologyATM Automatic Teller Machine CSS Cascading Style Sheets DfA Design for All DVD Digital Versatile Disc EU European Union GRP Generation Research Program GUI Graphical User Interface HTML HyperText Markup Language HWZ Human Studies Centre ICT Information and Communication Technologies LMU Ludwig-Maximilian University MARC Medical Automation Research Centre MIT Massachusetts Institute of Technology NCAM National Centre for Accessible Media PC Personal Computer PDA Personal Digital Assistant SALT Speech Application L
