1、 WORLDWIDE ENGINEERING STANDARDS Test Procedure GMW16061 Retention Performance of Exterior Emblems - Nameplates Copyright 2013 General Motors Company All Rights Reserved January 2013 Page 1 of 9 1 Scope Note: Nothing in this standard supercedes applicable laws and regulations. Note: In the event of
2、conflict between the English and domestic language, the English language shall take precedence. 1.1 Purpose. The purpose of this test is to verify adhesively or mechanically attached exterior emblems/nameplates will remain attached to the body and not slide down the surface. 1.1.1 The cleavage peel
3、or pull force will measure the maximum force to break free. 1.1.2 The dynamic shear force will be applied parallel to the mounting surface with the intent of measuring movement of the badge. 1.2 Foreword. Not applicable. 1.3 Applicability. This standard applies to all mechanically or adhesively atta
4、ched rigid badging including inserts. It does not apply to poured urethane, flexible emblems. 2 References Note: Only the latest approved standards are applicable unless otherwise specified. 2.1 External Standards/Specifications. None 2.2 GM Standards/Specifications. GMW16766 2.3 Additional Referenc
5、es. Subsystem Technical Specification (SSTS) 3 Resources 3.1 Facilities. A laboratory with a tensile test machine or pull gauge with the proper tip application and an environmental chamber large enough for a full body or component. Alternately, heat lamps may be used to apply heat. Figure 1 demonstr
6、ates example of heat lamps. 3.1.1 Calibration. The test facilities and equipment shall be in good working order and shall have a valid calibration label. 3.1.2 Alternatives. Alternative test facilities and equipment may also be used. However, all measuring variables as specified in this standard sha
7、ll be determined correctly with respect to their physical definition. Copyright General Motors Company Provided by IHS under license with General Motors CompanyNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-GM WORLDWIDE ENGINEERING STANDARDS GMW16061 Copyright 201
8、3 General Motors Company All Rights Reserved January 2013 Page 2 of 9 Figure 1: Examples of Heat Lamps 3.2 Equipment. All testing to be done using tensile test equipment unless otherwise approved by the Validation/Design Engineer. If testing with a handheld gauge on painted plaques or on a vehicle,
9、perform the testing in vehicle position. Note: Using a handheld gauge can cause variation because the speed can vary. In cases where the handheld gauge is the only option, pull as slowly and consistently as possible. 3.2.1 Tensile test machine or handheld gauge with a tip, as shown in Figure 2, and
10、minimum capacity of 200 N. Figure 2: Diagram of Tip for Pull Gage 3.2.2 Scale. Linear (millimeter). 3.2.3 For areas not accessible by the point of the tip as detailed in 3.2.1, an aid (T-block, plastic strap, cable, etc.) may be bonded to the show surface of the emblem with epoxy. Copyright General
11、Motors Company Provided by IHS under license with General Motors CompanyNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-GM WORLDWIDE ENGINEERING STANDARDS GMW16061 Copyright 2013 General Motors Company All Rights Reserved January 2013 Page 3 of 9 3.2.4 Cables used
12、as an aid for testing must be applied to the mating surface prior to installing the emblem and must not interfere with the retention performance. 3.3 Test Vehicle/Test Piece. 3.3.1 The badge will adhere to the interfacing surface which has the production released paint and topcoat system. 3.3.2 When
13、 a curved sheet metal interface is required, the test must be done on the production mating component. 3.3.3 If a part is a carryover part, vehicle level testing is required on the new sheet metal specific area. 3.3.4 If the Design Engineer or Validation Engineer designate, a paint plaque can be use
14、d. 3.3.5 If a paint plaque is required, it can be procured by contacting the Materials Engineer and/or responsible Design Engineer. Note: GMNA plaques are purchased from an outside source. 3.4 Test Time. Cure time: 72 hours Test time: Facilities/equipment dependent Coordination time: Facilities/equi
15、pment dependent 3.5 Test Required Information. Production released paint system. Interfacing panel curvature. 3.6 Personnel/Skills. Prior experience in setting up and running similar tests, and experience in the use of the referenced test equipment is critical to achieving repeatable/reliable result
16、s. Test personnel must be able to determine the critical test points and critical angles or must contact the Validation Engineer or Design Engineer for assistance. 4 Procedure 4.1 Preparation. 4.1.1 All parts must be at the production release level. 4.1.2 All non-production intent items should be no
17、ted, and the parts should be replaced if defect will affect the test results. 4.1.3 Clean the mating surface before application of the badge by wiping with a 50/50 distilled water/isopropyl alcohol saturated cloth to remove dust or contamination. Then dry with a lint-free clean cloth. 4.2 Conditions
18、. 4.2.1 Environmental Conditions. Testing will be done at 23 5 C (ambient) and 70 3 C. 4.2.2 Test Conditions. Deviations from the requirements of this standard shall have been agreed upon. Such requirements shall be specified on component drawings, test certificates, reports, etc. 4.2.2.1 Testing Me
19、thod. The preferred testing method is on vehicles with the production paint, paint process, and production mating surface contour. A tensile test machine is preferred. However, when testing on a vehicle, a handheld gauge may be used. If the vehicle is not available, then the actual panels should be
20、obtained. Paint plaques can be used for flat parts that have 0.25 mm crown. Any variations should be noted and approved by the Design Engineer or validation engineer. 4.2.2.2 Sheet Metal Contour. If the same badge is used on different contours of sheet metal, the testing must be done on all contours
21、. 4.2.2.3 Multiple Paint Systems. If the same badge is used on different paint processes, the testing must be done on all paint processes. Any deviations from this should be approved by the Validation or Design Engineer. 4.3 Instructions. 4.3.1 Installation. The badge should be installed on producti
22、on mating component per the released location/alignment. Note: Production parts should be used for the mating surface, i.e., deck lid, fender, etc., Copyright General Motors Company Provided by IHS under license with General Motors CompanyNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without
23、 license from IHS-,-,-GM WORLDWIDE ENGINEERING STANDARDS GMW16061 Copyright 2013 General Motors Company All Rights Reserved January 2013 Page 4 of 9 including any molded-in or stamped pockets or attaching platforms. Ensure the emblems/nameplates are installed using the released procedure and proper
24、wet-out. Immediately prior to badge installation, the part and the mating sheet metal should be a minimum of 15 C. Approved test aids, such as t-blocks, straps, or cables, must be applied to the emblem prior to installation. 4.3.2 Wet-out Test. Prior to part installation, perform GMW16766 Exterior T
25、rim Component Wet-Out Test to confirm proper wet-out. 4.3.3 Cure Time. After installation, the badge should dwell at ambient temperature for a minimum period of 72 h before testing. 4.3.4 Temperature Conditions. Tests to be conducted at the following temperatures: Ambient 23 5 C Hot 70 3 C Prior to
26、conducting the test, the emblem and surrounding air should maintain the above temperature for a minimum of 1 h. 4.3.5 Determination of Test Points. Each badge should be tested at its weakest point. If this point is not known from experience, the Design Engineer or Validation Engineer should be conta
27、cted to determine the test point. 4.3.5.1 Individual or Connected Letters. 4.3.5.1.1 The test point is the point that fulfills one or more of the following criteria: At the end of one of the strokes. The stroke of the letter with the lowest cleavage peel force. At the end of the stroke which has the
28、 smallest total area of tape. Or at the end of the stroke which has the smallest width of tape and/or at the end of the stroke. 4.3.5.1.2 If two or more strokes appear to be equal (such as the X), choose the outer point/points that are less protected by the other letters in a car wash situation. 4.3
29、.5.1.3 Also, the letter geometry must be considered when choosing the test point. For example, the letter “T“ has three potential test points at the top and bottom, but the geometry of the part allows the top strokes to have the lowest force, therefore, they are the test points. Nameplates with iden
30、tical letters do not require duplicate testing. Letters with favorable geometry (O, M, and B) may be omitted from testing. Prior to start of test, the test points and test angle should be reviewed with the Design Engineer or the Validation Engineer. 4.3.5.2 Emblems and Larger Nameplates. Choose a co
31、rner of the part or any free standing element that may be subjected to peeling in the field. 4.3.6 Cleavage Peel Test. Place the tip on the end of a tensile test machine (or a manual force gauge if a tensile test machine is not available) under the most critical point on the letter or emblem. Pull p
32、erpendicular to the surface until the tape either breaks free or the tape begins to stretch as in Figures 3, 4 and 5. Record the force on Data Sheet A1. Copyright General Motors Company Provided by IHS under license with General Motors CompanyNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted wit
33、hout license from IHS-,-,-GM WORLDWIDE ENGINEERING STANDARDS GMW16061 Copyright 2013 General Motors Company All Rights Reserved January 2013 Page 5 of 9 Figure 3: Cleavage Peel Test with a Handheld Gage on a Paint Plaque Figure 4: Cleavage Peel Test with Handheld Gauge on a Vehicle Copyright General
34、 Motors Company Provided by IHS under license with General Motors CompanyNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-GM WORLDWIDE ENGINEERING STANDARDS GMW16061 Copyright 2013 General Motors Company All Rights Reserved January 2013 Page 6 of 9 T-blocks (shown)
35、may be interchanged with tip shown in Figure 2. Figure 5: Cleavage Peel Test with a Tensile Test Machine on a Paint Plaque 4.3.7 Dynamic Shear Test. This test should be done on all single letters or groups of letters and small emblems 625 mm2. Force to be applied parallel to the mounting surface at
36、the agreed upon direction and points. The flat surface of the hook should be placed on the critical point at the critical angle and pushed with a force of 20 N at ambient temperature and 70 C for approximately 2 s. After 15 minutes, compare original position of letter to current condition. If letter
37、 returns to exact location as original, and tape has not torn or become damaged, it is considered a “PASS“ condition. If the tape is torn, distorted, or the letter did not return to its exact starting location, then it is a “FAIL“ condition. See Figures 6 and 7 and the Dynamic Shear Data Sheet A2. F
38、igure 6: Dynamic Shear Test with a Handheld Gage on a Paint Plaque Copyright General Motors Company Provided by IHS under license with General Motors CompanyNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-GM WORLDWIDE ENGINEERING STANDARDS GMW16061 Copyright 2013 G
39、eneral Motors Company All Rights Reserved January 2013 Page 7 of 9 Figure 7: Example of the Force Application on the Letter “I“ at the Critical Angle 4.3.8 Acceptance Criteria. Reference the Exterior Trim SSTS for retention requirements. 5 Data 5.1 Calculations. Not applicable. 5.2 Interpretation of
40、 Results. See 4.3.8. 5.3 Test Documentation. Use Date Sheets A1 and A2 in Appendix A. 6 Safety This standard may involve hazardous materials, operations, and equipment. This standard does not propose to address all the safety problems associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of
41、this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 7 Notes 7.1 Glossary. Badge: Generic term for both emblems and nameplates. Cleavage Peel Force: The maximum force that the badge separates from the vehicle or th
42、e adhesive separates from the part. Dynamic Shear Force: A force applied parallel to the mounting surface with the intent of measuring movement of the badge. Emblem: Decorative logos. Nameplate: Individual letters or letters connected with bars or other methods. 7.2 Acronyms, Abbreviations, and Symb
43、ols. GSSLT Global Subsystem Leadership Team SSTS Subsystem Technical Specification 8 Coding System This standard shall be referenced in other documents, drawings, etc., as follows: Test to GMW16061 9 Release and Revisions This standard was originated in September 2008. It was first approved by the E
44、xterior GSSLT in May 2009. It was first published in May 2009. Issue Publication Date Description (Organization) 1 MAY 2009 Initial publication. 2 JAN 2013 Added reference to GMW16766 Exterior Trim Component Wet-Out Test. (Emblems, Nameplates & Sill Plates Global Subsystem Leadership Team) Applied f
45、orce 20 N Copyright General Motors Company Provided by IHS under license with General Motors CompanyNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-GM WORLDWIDE ENGINEERING STANDARDS GMW16061 Copyright 2013 General Motors Company All Rights Reserved January 2013 Pa
46、ge 8 of 9 Appendix A Data Sheet A1: Cleavage Peel Test for Exterior Badges Part Number: _ Validation Engineer: _ Part Name: _ Design Engineer: _ Program: _ Measurement Tools: _ Cal Due: _ Model Year: _ _ Cal Due: _ Location of part on body: _ Paint System: _ Interfacing Panel Curvature: _ Remarks PO
47、INT Peel Force (N) Failure mode Peel Force (N) Failure Mode 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 Note: For “Failure Mode“ enter (Cohesive or Adhesive). Cohesive peel is when there is a foam split-leaving some of the tape on the part and some on the sheet metal. Adhesive peel is when there is a clean sep
48、aration between the adhesive and the substrate. It should be noted in the data whether the adhesive was on the nameplate or the sheet metal. PHOTO OR SKETCH SHOWING TEST POINTS (See SSTS and write targets here) Temperature 70 3 C CLEAVAGE PEEL TEST DATA SHEET FOR EXTERIOR BADGES TARGET Temperature 23 5 C (Ambient) Copyrigh
