1、 Recommendation ITU-R SA.2078-0 (08/2015) Protection of space research service earth stations from mobile (aircraft) stations in the 2 200-2 290 MHz band SA Series Space applications and meteorology ii Rec. ITU-R SA.2078-0 Foreword The role of the Radiocommunication Sector is to ensure the rational,
2、 equitable, efficient and economical use of the radio-frequency spectrum by all radiocommunication services, including satellite services, and carry out studies without limit of frequency range on the basis of which Recommendations are adopted. The regulatory and policy functions of the Radiocommuni
3、cation Sector are performed by World and Regional Radiocommunication Conferences and Radiocommunication Assemblies supported by Study Groups. Policy on Intellectual Property Right (IPR) ITU-R policy on IPR is described in the Common Patent Policy for ITU-T/ITU-R/ISO/IEC referenced in Annex 1 of Reso
4、lution ITU-R 1. Forms to be used for the submission of patent statements and licensing declarations by patent holders are available from http:/www.itu.int/ITU-R/go/patents/en where the Guidelines for Implementation of the Common Patent Policy for ITU-T/ITU-R/ISO/IEC and the ITU-R patent information
5、database can also be found. Series of ITU-R Recommendations (Also available online at http:/www.itu.int/publ/R-REC/en) Series Title BO Satellite delivery BR Recording for production, archival and play-out; film for television BS Broadcasting service (sound) BT Broadcasting service (television) F Fix
6、ed service M Mobile, radiodetermination, amateur and related satellite services P Radiowave propagation RA Radio astronomy RS Remote sensing systems S Fixed-satellite service SA Space applications and meteorology SF Frequency sharing and coordination between fixed-satellite and fixed service systems
7、 SM Spectrum management SNG Satellite news gathering TF Time signals and frequency standards emissions V Vocabulary and related subjects Note: This ITU-R Recommendation was approved in English under the procedure detailed in Resolution ITU-R 1. Electronic Publication Geneva, 2015 ITU 2015 All rights
8、 reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, by any means whatsoever, without written permission of ITU. Rec. ITU-R SA.2078-0 1 RECOMMENDATION ITU-R SA.2078-0 Protection of space research service earth stations from mobile (aircraft) stations in the 2 200-2 290 MHz band (2015) Scope Thi
9、s Recommendation gives the required coordination distance of 880 km between space research earth stations and transmitting mobile (aircraft) stations to protect the space research earth stations in the 2 200-2 290 MHz band. Keywords SRS earth stations, mobile (aircraft) stations, coordination distan
10、ce, 2 200-2 290 MHz The ITU Radiocommunication Assembly, considering a) that the band 2 200-2 290 MHz is allocated to the space operation (space-to-Earth) (space-space), Earth exploration-satellite (space-to-Earth) (space-to-space), fixed, mobile, and space research (space-to-Earth) (space-to-space)
11、 services (SRS) on a primary basis; b) that the protection criteria for near-Earth SRS earth stations are given in Recommendation ITU-R SA.609 as 216 dBW/Hz with 0.1% exceedance probability for unmanned SRS missions and 0.001% for manned SRS missions; c) that mobile (aircraft) stations flying over S
12、RS earth stations can have line-of-sight (LoS) interference with the SRS earth stations; d) that the LoS separation distance is determined by RF visibility limit, which is about 830 km for an aircraft at 17 km altitude and for exceedance probabilities less than 1%; e) that transmissions from a mobil
13、e (aircraft) station at the RF visibility limit with 17 km altitude may cause interference to an SRS earth station, exceeding the protection level by up to 37 dB; f) that, to meet the protection criteria of the SRS earth stations, distances larger than line-of-sight separations distances are require
14、d; g) that for non-line-of-sight (NLoS) propagation analysis, the methodology in Recommendation ITU-R P.528 needs to be used; h) that Report ITU-R SA.2276, using NLoS propagation methodology, has shown that the required separation distance would be about 880 km, as shown in the Annex, recommends tha
15、t, in the 2 200-2 290 MHz band, 880 km should be used as the coordination distance between SRS earth stations and mobile (aircraft) stations. 2 Rec. ITU-R SA.2078-0 Annex Protection of space research service earth stations from mobile (aircraft) stations in the 2 200-2 290 MHz band This Annex gives
16、the required separation distances around the SRS earth stations such that the interferences from the aircraft stations meet the protection criterion of the SRS earth stations. The separation distances are derived using the IF-77 program recommended in Recommendation ITU-R P.528, and the SRS earth st
17、ation protection level specified in Recommendation ITU-R SA.609. The SRS earth station protection is specified as a threshold spectral density of 216 dBW/Hz with 0.001% exceedence probability to support manned near-Earth SRS spacecraft, and 0.1% exceedence probability to support unmanned SRS spacecr
18、aft. Figure 1 below shows the required separation distance between SRS earth station supporting a manned mission and aircraft station as a function of the aircraft altitude for a 50 dBW/Hz aircraft transmit e.i.r.p. spectral density case. It shows that, in order to meet the protection criteria of th
19、e SRS earth station, the aircraft needs to be between 450 km and 880 km away from the SRS earth stations at Goldstone, Wallops, Madrid, Canberra, New Norcia, Perth, and Uchinoura, for aircraft altitudes between 4 km and 17 km. Note also that to protect the SRS earth stations, the required separation
20、 distances are about 200 to 300 km greater than the RF visibility limits given for p 1%. FIGURE 1 Required separation distances between SRS earth station (p = 0.001%) and aircraft station transmitting 50 dBW/Hz e.i.r.p. vs aircraft altitude S A . 2 0 7 8 - 0 14004505005506006507007508008509009501 2
21、3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20A i rcraft al t i t u d e (k m)Mad ri dCan b erraG o l d s t o n eW al l o p sN ew N o rci aPert hU ch i n o u raRequiredseparationdistance(km)N ea r-E art h SRS p ro t ec t i o n 2 1 6 d BW /H z (0 .0 0 1 % )Rec. ITU-R SA.2078-0 3 Table 1 below gives th
22、e required separation distances between SRS earth stations and mobile (aircraft) stations for aircraft altitude of 17 km and transmit e.i.r.p. spectral density of 50 dBW/Hz for exceedance probability of p = 0.001%. TABLE 1 Required separation distances for SRS earth stations supporting manned missio
23、ns (p = 0.001%) and aircraft station at 17 km altitude transmitting at 50 dBW/Hz e.i.r.p. density SRS earth station Site, Country Required separation distance (km) Goldstone, USA 817 Wallops, USA 747 Madrid, Spain 880 Canberra, Australia 845 New Norcia, Australia 774 Perth, Australia 698 Uchinoura,
24、Japan 771 Figure 2 below shows the required separation distances between SRS earth stations, supporting an unmanned SRS mission, and aircraft station as a function of the aircraft altitude for the 50 dBW/Hz aircraft transmit e.i.r.p. density case. It shows that, in order to meet the protection crite
25、ria of the SRS earth station, the aircraft needs to be between 450 km and 825 km away from the SRS earth stations at Goldstone, Wallops, Madrid, Canberra, and Uchinoura, for aircraft altitudes between 4 km and 17 km. Note that, again, to protect the SRS earth stations, the required separation distan
26、ces are greater than the RF visibility limits given for p 1%. 4 Rec. ITU-R SA.2078-0 FIGURE 2 Required separation distances between SRS earth station (p = 0.1%) and aircraft station transmitting 50 dBW/Hz e.i.r.p. vs aircraft altitude S A . 2 0 7 8 - 0 24004505005506006507007508008509009501 2 3 4 5
27、6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20A i rcraft al t i t u d e (k m)Mad ri dCan b erraG o l d s t o n eW al l o p sU ch i n o u raRequiredseparationdistance(km)N ea r-E art h SRS p ro t ec t i o n 2 1 6 d BW /H z (0 .0 0 1 % )Table 2 below shows the required separation distances between SRS earth
28、 stations and mobile (aircraft) stations for aircraft altitude of 17 km and transmit e.i.r.p. spectral density of 50 dBW/Hz towards the horizon for exceedance probability of p = 0.1%. TABLE 2 Required separation distances for SRS earth stations supporting unmanned missions (p = 0.1%) and aircraft st
29、ation at 17 km altitude transmitting at 50 dBW/Hz e.i.r.p. density SRS earth station Site, Country Required separation distance (km) Goldstone, USA 763 Wallops, USA 696 Madrid, Spain 825 Canberra, Australia 789 Uchinoura, Japan 731 Note that these distances for SRS earth stations supporting unmanned
30、 missions (p = 0.1%) are about 50 km less than the distances given for SRS earth stations supporting manned missions ( p = 0.001%). Rec. ITU-R SA.2078-0 5 In conclusion, in order to meet the SRS earth station protection criterion for manned and unmanned SRS mission, separation distances greater than 880 km are required between the SRS earth stations and the aircraft stations.
