1、ITU-T RECMNtD-36 95 m 4862591 Ob02703 207 INTERNATIONAL TELECOMMUNICATION UNION ITU-T TELECOMMUNICATION STANDARDIZATION SECTOR OF ITU CHARGING AND ACCOUNTING IN INTERNATIONAL TELECOMMUNICATION SERVICES D.36 (03195) GENERAL ACCOUNTING PRINCIPLES APPLICABLE TO MESSAGE HANDLING SERVICES AND ASSOCIATED
2、APPLICATIONS ITU-T Recommendation D.36 (Previously “CCITT Recommendation”) ITU-T RECMNwD.3b 95 = 48b259L Ob02704 193 = FOREWORD The IT-T (Telecommunication Standardization Sector) is a permanent organ of the International Telecommunication Union (ITU). The IT-T is responsible for studying technical,
3、 operating and tariff questions and issuing Recommen- dations on them with a view to standardizing telecommunications on a worldwide basis. The World Telecommunication Standardization Conference (WTSC), which meets every four years, establishes the topics for study by the IT-T Study Groups which, in
4、 their turn, produce Recommendations on these topics. The approval of Recommendations by the Members of the ITU-T is covered by the procedure laid down in WTSC Resolution No. 1 (Helsinki, March 1-12, 1993). IW-T Recommendation D.36 was revised by ITU-T Study Group 3 (1993-1996) and was approved unde
5、r the WTSC Resolution No. 1 procedure on the 20th of March 1995. NOTE In this Recommendation, the expression “Administration” is used for conciseness to indicate both a telecommunication administration and a recognized operating agency. o ITU 1995 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may
6、 be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from the ITU. ITU-T RECMNUD.36 95 4862593 Ob02705 OBT = CONTENTS 1 Scope 2 Introduction 3 Service aspects . 4 General model for accounting 4.1 General
7、 definition . 4.2 Presentation of the model . 5 Principles for accounting 5.2 General principles . 5.3 Accounting for specific cost elements Accounting formulas for services 6.0 General 6.1 Delivery to UAs and transfer to PlUvDs 6.2 Deliveries made via access units . 6.3 Accounting method for revers
8、e charging 6.4 Time as an element in accounting . 7 Settlements . Annex A - Abbreviations Annex B - Glossary Annex C - Account statement . Annex D - Example account . Direct terminal route - USA (A) to UK (B) . Indirect terminal route -Japan (A) to UK (B) via USA (A) Transit route - USA (A) to Franc
9、e (C) via UK (B) Direct terminal route - USA (A) to UK (B) . Annex F - Examples of reverse charging accounting . Direct terminal route - UK (A) to USA (B) . Indirect terminal route - UK (A) to Japan (B) via USA (A) Transit route - France (A) to USA (C) via UK (B) Direct terminal route - UK (A) to US
10、A (B) . 5.1 Assumptions . 5.4 Service specific principles 6 Annex E - Example calculations . E.l E.2 E.3 E.4 F.l F.2 F.3 F.4 Page 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 2 3 4 6 6 6 6 7 8 8 8 9 9 11 11 11 11 11 12 12 12 12 12 12 Recommendation D.36 (03/95) i ITU-T RECflNaD.3b 95 48b259L Ob02706 TLb m Recommendation D.36 GE
11、NERAL ACCOUNTING PRINCIPLES APPLICABLE TO MESSAGE HANDLING SERVICES AND ASSOCIATED APPLICATIONS (Revised in 1995) 1 Scope This Recommendation is intended to provide the general accounting principles applicable to message handling services (as described in the F.400- and XAOO-Series of Recommendation
12、s) and associated applications between interconnected Administration Management Domains (ADMDs). While the information detailed in this Recommendation provides guidelines for the parties concerned, the specific details of each particular accounting arrangement between ADMDs is the subject of bilater
13、al agreements between those ADMDs and may vary from this Recommendation. 2 Introduction 2.1 This Recommendation is intended for use by ADMDs which provide message handling services and associated applications. It should also be of use to organizations creating software for the accounting and settlem
14、ent of such services. It strives to strike a balance between simplicity and accuracy in accounting. An additional objective is to aid the provision of cost effective and reliable services between interconnected ADMDs. 2.2 The following subclauses lay out the overall model of ADMD interconnection, ac
15、counting principles useful for these interconnections, and formulas for various service interactions from the service providers point of view. Annexes are provided for abbreviations and a glossary, and proposed account statements. 2.3 This Recommendation should be applied in conjunction with other r
16、elevant ITU-T Recommendations. 3 Service aspects 3.1 Message handling services provided via ADMDs comprise the offerings of the public service providers and are based on Recommendations laid down in the F.400- and X.400-Series of the ITU-T. The versions of 1988 are the primary reference, but appropr
17、iate attention has been given to the 1984 versions. The F.400-Series of ITU-T Recommendations are to be taken into account as far as applicable. 3.2 compatible with this Recommendation. Regional profile standards should be used for reference and are applicable as far as their specifications are 4 Ge
18、neral model for accounting 4.1 General definition In order to establish a reference basis to permit a clear definition of principles for accounting, this subclause sets out a general model in which the cost elements to be taken into consideration are identified. These cost elements encompass the net
19、work features corresponding to OS1 layer 3 and features of implementation relating up to and including OS1 layer 7. 4.2 Presentation of the model This model depicts the various interactions and processing involved in message handling. Recommendation D.36 (03/95) 1 Each interaction and process is ass
20、ociated with a cost element. These cost elements are identified in Figure 1 and their associated accounting principles in clause 5. 41 Originatcr Recipient T03W930-9ZdOl Service access costs. Processing costs at the orignating ADMD. Networkcosts between ADMDs. Processing costs at lhe destination ADM
21、D. Deiiverycosts which may involve deiicnery to U 2) 3) access to distribution lists; and determination of recipient capabilities and authentication, accounting and settlement between ADMDs and directory service providers may be required for such items as number of search attempts and number of addr
22、esses retrieved, as well as updates effected. (For further study.) 5.4.1.12 Other optional user facilities Accounting for other optional user facilities is not presently part of this Recommendation, but may be implemented subject to bilateral agreement. 5.4.2 UAs belonging to an ADMD include both Co
23、-located UAs and stand-alone UAs. The suggested unit for measuring message size for accounting is the octet, without rounding. Delivery to a stand-alone UA addressed by an X.121 address is treated as a delivery via an access unit. Delivery to an UA belonging to an ADMD 5.4.3 Transfer to a PRMD A rec
24、ipient address is considered as belonging to a PRMD only if the address contains the PRMD-name standard attribute. The suggested unit for measuring message size for accounting is the octet, without rounding. 5.4.4 Telex delivery The suggested unit for measuring message size for accounting is the oct
25、et, without rounding. Other units may be used by bilateral agreement. 5.4.5 Fax delivery The suggested unit for measuring message size for accounting is the octet, without rounding. Other units may be used by bilateral agreement. 5.4.6 Physical delivery The suggested unit for measuring message size
26、for accounting is the octet, without rounding. Other units may be used by bilateral agreement. 5.4.7 Teletex delivery For further consideration. Recommendation D.36 (03/95) 5 5.4.8 Transit Transit is defined as the transfer of a message from the originating ADMD to the destination ADMD via one or mo
27、re intermediate ADMDs. Transit permission (including route) and associated charges shall be by prior agreement with all the ADMDs concerned. The accounting rates applicable shall be based on the formulas shown in clause 6 and shall be determined on a bilateral basis between consecutive ADMDs along t
28、he transit route. Nevertheless, several methods of settlement may be used under the formulas in clause 6. If, for example, ADMD A originates a message which is destined for ADMD C via ADMD B, the following scenarios may occur: ADMD A may settle with ADMD B to cover the costs incurred by ADMD B for m
29、essage processing and network transmission costs and then with ADMD C for the costs occurred by ADMD C for the latters cost of message processing and delivery. ADMD A may settle with ADMD B to cover ail message processing, network transmission and delivery costs, and ADMD B in turn, may settle with
30、ADMD C to cover the latters message processing and delivery costs. i) ii) The above scenarios may be extended to cases where more than one intermediate ADMD provides transit services between the originating and destination ADMDs. It is understood that the processing, delivery and transfer rates appl
31、ied by an ADMD for direct service with another ADMD may be different from the rates applied in transit relationships. Thus, if a multi-address message results in delivery of the message both within the intermediate ADMD and additional ADMDs, then the formula used for settlement with the originating
32、ADMD may contain different rates to take account of the fact that each address is handled differently. 5.4.9 Forwarding Forwarding is the onward submission of a received message to one or more recipients where a new accounting transaction is initiated. 6 Accounting formulas for services 6.0 General
33、This subclause contains the recommended accounting formulas for service. When these formulas are applied, the total outpayment for services will be the sum of the formulas in 6.1 and 6.2. 6.1 The formula for single or multiple address messages delivered to UAs belonging to an ADMD and/or transferred
34、 to PRMDs is as follows: Delivery to UAs and transfer to PRMDs S =a*R+b *Ple * D+c *Ple * D where S is the per-message outpayment: a is the total number of O/R addresses (UAs belonging to the ADMD and O/R addresses belonging to PRMDs); is the number of addressed UAs which belong to an ADMD; is the n
35、umber of addressed PRMDs; is the size of the P1 message envelope and content in octets; is the processing rate per address at the destination ADMD; is the delivery rate per octet to a UA; is the transfer rate per octet to a PRMD; b C Ple R D D * is the multiplication symbol. 6 Recommendation D.36 (0
36、3/95) An ADMD may choose to account for a message addressed to multiple UAs belonging to one ADMD as a single address message. For this formula, address refers to a recipient with the responsibility flag on (see X.400-Series Recommendations). 6.2 Deliveries made via access units 6.2.1 General MH sys
37、tems have the ability of delivering message traffic to non-MH systems via access units. Such deliveries include: - - - - delivery to remote user agents identified by an X.121 address; delivery to telex, via a telex access unit; delivery to G3 facsimile, via a fax access unit; delivery to a PDS via a
38、 physical delivery access unit. Other access unit deliveries are held for further consideration. 6.2.2 Accounting methods for other delivery mechanisms 6.2.2.1 Estimated accounting method required For the estimated accounting method, the following formula will apply: S = a * R + Xi x(i) * Ple * D(i)
39、 + x(i) * E(i) is the per-message accounting; is the total number of addresses; is the processing rate per address at the destination ADMD; is the sum per service type (i); is the number of messages delivered by delivery service type (i); is the size of the P1 message envelope and content in octets;
40、 is the delivery rate per octet by delivery service type (i); is a per-message rate for delivery service type (i), independent of length for delivery via a PDS, telex or fax access unit. By bilateral agreement, E(i) may be set to O for any specified delivery type; is the multiplication symbol. Diffe
41、rent rates D(i) and E(i) will be applied by type of service. These will be designed to ensure a full recovery of all costs associated with all deliveries over each accounting period. The derivations of D(i) and E(i) by type of service will be determined by the recipient ADMD. For this formula, addre
42、ss refers to a recipient with the responsibility flag on (see X.400-Series Recommendations). 6.2.2.2 Exact accounting method Exact accounting will be based on per-message accounting information. However, until a cost effective exact accounting methodology based on per-message information is availabl
43、e, ADMDs should not attempt to employ this methodology. Recommendation D.36 (03/95) 7 ITU-T RECMN*D-3b 95 m 4862593 ObU2733 L5b m 6.3 The formula to be used when reverse charging is implemented is as follows: Accounting method for reverse charging S =a * R+ Ple * O where S - is the per-message outpa
44、yment; a - is the total number of O/R addresses (UAs belonging to the ADMD and OR addresses belonging to PRMDs); is the size of the P1 message envelope and content in octets; is the processing rate per address at the originating ADMD; is the rate per octet at the originating ADMD which includes acce
45、ss, processing and network utilization costs; Ple - R - O - * - is the multiplication symbol. 6.4 6.4.1 6.4.2 left the MTA of the originating ADMD. 6.4.3 Time as an element in accounting ADMDs may wish to offer service types which are defined by time of day and day of the week. In the case of time-d
46、ependent services, the time which is used for accounting purposes is the time the message Time-dependent services and rates are defined on a bilateral basis. 7 Settlements Settlements of the balances of accounts will take place based on the provisions of Article 6 of the Internationai Telecommunicat
47、ions Regulations (Melbourne, 1988). Annex A Abbreviations (This annex forms an integral part of this Recommendation) For the purposes of this Recommendation, the following abbreviations are used: ADMD AU DDA DL DTE ED1 EIT F.400K.400 IA5 MH MHS MTA Administration Management Domain Access Unit Domain
48、 Defined Attribute Distribution List Data Terminal Equipment Electronic Data Interchange Encoded Information Type IT-T Recommendation, Message handling services - Message handling system and service overview International Alphabet No. 5 Message Handling Message Handling System Message Transfer Agent
49、 8 Recommendation D.36 (03195) OR os1 P1 Ple PD PDS PRMD SDR TLX TTX UA x.121 OriginatorRecipient Open Systems Interconnection MTS Transfer Protocol MTS Transfer Protocol Entity Physical Delivery Physical Delivery System Private Management Domain Special Drawings Rights Telex Teletex User Agent Denotes a Network Address following ITU-T Recommendation X. 121 Annex B Glossary (for further study) (This annex forms an integral part of this Recommendation) All explanations given are assumed to be in the context of the message handling systems and services, unless otherwis
